Purpose: To investigate whether the degree of asthma control is associated with anemia in pediatric patients. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using a dataset from the Health Insurance Reviews & Assessment Service (HIRA) of South Korea in 2016, which included children and adolescent patients diagnosed with asthma. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the association between asthma control and the prevalence of anemia. Results: A total of 236,429 patients under 18 years old were included in the study, including 233,975 patients with controlled and 2454 with uncontrolled asthma. Binary logistic regression after adjustment for confounding factors showed that patients with uncontrolled asthma had a 2.64-fold higher prevalence of anemia than those with well-controlled asthma (OR = 2.64, 95% CI: 2.16– 3.22). While there was no effect of gender on the results, there was a statistically significant association between the prevalence of anemia and asthma control in patients under 13 years old. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the prevalence of anemia is inversely correlated with asthma control in pediatric patients. Further studies are necessary to obtain pathophysiological insight into the relationship between severe inflammatory diseases and anemia.

The escalating prevalence of diabetes mellitus, projected to affect over 700 million by 2045, underscores the urgent need for effective management and prevention strategies, with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) constituting over 90% of these cases globally. The present meta‑analysis aims to rigorously evaluate the potential of vitamin D supplementation in mitigating the onset of T2DM, amidst the backdrop of its biological plausibility yet inconclusive evidence regarding its efficacy in reducing new incidences of the disease. A comprehensive literature search up to December 2023 in MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library, employing a strategy focused on diabetes and vitamin D, identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that explore the impact of vitamin D supplementation on T2DM onset in adults with impaired glucose regulation, incorporating quality assessment via the Cochrane ROB2 tool and utilizing meta‑analysis with RevMan Web to evaluate effect magnitude and heterogeneity. In a meta‑analysis of 11 RCTs with 5,221 prediabetic patients, vitamin D supplementation was associated with a 10% reduction in the progression to T2DM [RR, 0.90; 95% CI, (0.81‑0.99)] and a significant increase in regression to normoglycemia [RR, 1.24; 95% CI, (1.08‑1.43)], with no significant heterogeneity or publication bias observed. This meta‑analysis of 11 RCTs shows that vitamin D supplementation in prediabetic patients lowers the risk of T2DM and promotes regression to normoglycemia, with no significant differences in subgroup analyses or interaction with baseline vitamin D levels, ethnicity, or body mass index (BMI). Despite indications from some trials that baseline vitamin D status may influence outcomes, the present comprehensive analysis found benefits of vitamin D across diverse populations, including non‑obese individuals, without conclusive evidence linking supplementation to changes in BMI or age‑specific advantages.

Simulation-based education is gaining attention worldwide as it is recognized as effective in fostering collaborative skills in healthcare students. We conducted a comprehensive review of simulation-based interprofessional education (IPE) to examine the current state of simulation-based IPE. This scoping review systematically analyzed studies on simulation-based IPE in South Korean healthcare education, following established guidelines. Relevant articles were comprehensively searched, and key data on simulation methods, implementations, and educational effectiveness were extracted for analysis. The present study included nine quantitative studies and one mixed-methods study. The majority of participants were undergraduate nursing and medical students. The duration of IPE interventions ranged from 2 hours to 2 weeks. Education methods included standardized patients, high-fidelity simulators, and role-playing. Educational outcomes focused on measuring IPE competencies and satisfaction levels, concentrating on Kirkpatrick levels 1 and 2. While most studies reported high satisfaction levels, there is a need for objective evaluation of educational effectiveness. As simulation-based IPE in Korean healthcare education evolves, there is a need for greater inclusivity of diverse roles, multidisciplinary respect, and scenario development allowing active participation across professions. Establishing institutional frameworks, community linkages, and a deep understanding of IPE’s purpose and essence among practitioners is crucial for its academic maturation.

Sunmin Lee and Jongyoon Kim. J. Kor. Soc. Health-syst. Pharm. 2022;39:490-9. https://doi.org/10.32429/jkshp.2022.39.4.005

Seounghyun An and Jongyoon Kim. Pharmacoepidemiology and Risk Management 2024;16:124-34. https://doi.org/10.56142/perm.24.0015

Nafamostat mesylate (NM) is increasingly used as an alternative anticoagulant during continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) in pediatric intensive care, especially when unfractionated heparin or regional citrate is contraindicated. However, evidence regarding optimal monitoring of its anticoagulant effects remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the association between NM infusion rate and coagulation parameters—specifically activated clotting time (ACT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)—in critically ill pediatric patients receiving CVVHDF, and to examine how hepatic function and transfusion status may influence this relationship. In this retrospective study of 99 patients, we analyzed 340 matched data pairs of NM infusion orders and coagulation test results. Linear mixed-effects models revealed a significant positive correlation between NM infusion rate and aPTT (β = 8.54, P < 0.001), while no significant association was found with ACT. Subgroup analyses stratified by liver function and transfusion status consistently supported the association between NM and aPTT. Non-linear regression further suggested a dose–response pattern for aPTT, but not for ACT. These findings indicate that aPTT may be a more sensitive and reliable parameter than ACT for monitoring NM’s anticoagulant effects in pediatric CVVHDF. The results challenge current ACT-based monitoring practices and highlight the need for prospective validation to refine anticoagulation strategies using NM in critically ill children.