Perubahan iklim telah terjadi secara alamiah di lapisan biosfer sepanjang waktu. Namun, perubahan iklim yang terjadi saat ini makin meningkat intensitas dan lajunya dikarenakan aktivitas manusia melalui emisi antropogenik gas rumah kaca (GRK). Meningkatnya konsentrasi GRK dan suhu permukaan bumi telah menyebabkan pemanasan global yang mengakibatkan terjadinya perubahan iklim yang memberikan dampak yang kompleks pada semua sektor kehidupan manusia. Adaptasi sangatlah penting untuk menjaga keberlanjutan sistem kehidupan di bumi. Adaptasi diartikan sebagai tindakan menyesuaikan diri untuk antisipasi dampak perubahan iklim dengan tujuan meringankan dampak buruk yang dihadapi. Kegiatan adaptasi diharapkan dapat meningkatkan resiliensi terhadap dampak negatif perubahan iklim. Adaptasi dapat berbentuk teknologi, langkah aksi, maupun kebijakan. Selain itu, kearifan lokal menjadi hal yang sangat penting dan memiliki peran sentral dalam upaya adaptasi terhadap perubahan iklim di Indonesia. Buku ini memperkenalkan berbagai teknologi adaptasi dan kearifan lokal pada sektor prioritas RPJMN 2020–2024, yaitu sektor pesisir dan kelautan, ketersediaan sumber daya air, pertanian dan pangan, serta kesehatan. Buku ini diharapkan dapat menjadi sumber literasi guna meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap perubahan iklim. Lebih lanjut, teknologi dan kearifan lokal untuk adaptasi perubahan iklim yang ada diharapkan dapat diadopsi oleh masyarakat yang lebih luas.

Degraded peat has a high potential for use in agricultural production, especially food crops. The water table, which impacts the production of greenhouse gases (GHGs), is the main problem concerning peat utilization. The study aimed to determine the production of greenhouse gases at various peat water levels. The study was conducted in a laboratory setting utilizing the soil column of undisturbed peat soil. The factorial experiment was arranged in randomized block design, with three replicates, with the first factor was peat cropping use: Maize (Zea mays L.), pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.), and scrubs. The second factor was water level (0, 10, 20, 30 cm depth). Variables measured were GHG flux (CO₂ and CH₄), pH, redox potential, total C content, and ash content. The peat cropping use interacted significantly with the peat water level on the potential for CH₄ and CO₂ production and the value of global warming potential. Water table depth significantly increased CO₂ flux and global warming potential (GWP) in all three peat cropping uses. The lowest GWP at a 0 cm peat water level was 944 (pineapple use), 961 (maize use), and 1097 mg CO₂e m^-2 d^-1 (scrub use). Peat for pineapple cultivation produces the lowest CO₂ production and GWP compared to maize cultivation and scrubs. The negative relationship between redox potential and GWP is significant in peat for scrub. The relationship between pH and GWP is significant in peat for pineapple and scrub.

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is one of the food crops that has the potential to be developed on rainfed lowlands and is also adaptive to the impacts of climate change. Improving fertilizer quality and providing organic ameliorants is one solution to increase sorghum productivity and nutrient availability. Urea fertilizer is commonly used; however, it is not efficiently utilized by plants. Corn biomass can be used as bio-charcoal (biochar) to improve N fertilizers’ efficiency while mitigating nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions. This research aims to determine the effect of urea fertilizer (urea prill, biochar-coated urea, and microbial-enriched biochar-coated urea) and organic ameliorants (cow and chicken manure) on sorghum yields, N uptake, and soil water infiltration on rainfed lowland. The research was designed with randomized blocks, three replicates, and factorial treatment consisting of three urea fertilizer treatments and three organic ameliorant treatments. The parameters measured included sorghum yields, flux of N₂O, N uptake, N use efficiency (NUE), and soil water infiltration. The interaction between organic ameliorant and the application of biochar-coated urea significantly affected the grain and biomass yield of sorghum, NUE, but not significantly affected N uptake. Sorghum yields increased by 12.5%-20.7% in the application of biochar-coated urea enriched with consortia microbes accompanied by the organic ameliorant. The use of biochar-coated urea enriched with consortia microbes was more effective in plots applied organic ameliorant, both cow and chicken manure, namely significantly increasing the grain and biomass yield of sorghum, NUE, and water infiltration rate, and significantly reducing N₂O emissions and the global warming potential index.