The analysis aims to examine the impact of eco-innovation and financial efficiency on CO₂ emissions and renewable energy consumption in highly polluted Asian economies, including China, India, Russia, and Japan. For empirical analysis, we have applied the ARDL pooled mean group (ARDL-PMG) model. The long-run estimated coefficient of environmental innovations is positively significant in both renewable energy models and negatively significant in the CO₂ emissions model. These results imply that environmental innovations help facilitate renewable energy consumption and reduce CO₂ emissions. On the other side, the estimates of financial development are insignificant in both renewable energy and CO₂ emissions models. However, the estimates of financial institution efficiency and financial markets are positively significant in both renewable energy and CO₂ emissions models, implying that financial institutions and market efficiency increase renewable energy consumption and decrease CO₂ emissions.

Based on the Dynamic Capability View and sustainable supply chains in multinational enterprises (MNEs), a theoretical framework is proposed to examine how big-data analytics capabilities affect MNEs' sustainable supply chain performance through green intellectual capital and supply chain innovation. 331 completed questionnaires were collected from IT, logistics, and supply chain managers. Using structural equation modeling (SEM), the study shows that big-data analytics capabilities positively impact the development of firms' green intellectual capital. Further, green intellectual capital contributes to sustainable supply chain performance, and supply chain innovations moderate the relationship. Moreover, green intellectual capital proves advantageous in mediating the influence of big-data analytics capabilities on sustainable supply chain performance when supply chain innovations moderate this influence. The findings provide novel insights into the big-data analytics capabilities, green intellectual capital, supply chain innovations, and sustainable supply chain performance nexus in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) context. The managerial implications for promoting sustainable supply chain performance via green intellectual capital and innovations are critically examined.

In this study, we examined the association between CEO greed and corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance with a particular emphasis on the curtailing role of corporate governance. We found that CEO greed has a negative effect on CSR, since an uncontrolled pursuit of personal gain typically reveals myopic behavior and the foregoing of investment in CSR by a greedy CEO. Additionally, we found that CEO compensation in the form of large bonuses, support, and restricted stocks options weakened the link between CEO greed and CSR. Concerning the power dynamics amongst CEOs (CEO duality and tenure), we found that CEO duality moderates the negative relation between CEO greed and CSR. We also explored the curtailing role of corporate governance (proxies represented by board gender diversity and board independence) in the association between CEO greed and CSR. Our findings show that gender diversity curtails the negative effect of CEO greed on CSR once it reaches critical mass on the corporate board. Gender critical mass also curtails the negative impact of CEO greed on CSR, even if the CEO exercises duality. Our findings have empirical and practical implications. This study contributes to the existing literature by exploring the relationship between CEO greed and CSR in Asia, a region not renowned for CSR performance. This study also provides evidence for the curtailing role of compensation and governance factors in the negative relationship between CEO greed and CSR.

Goal: This paper utilizes a practice-based view (PBV) and technology-organization-sustainable framework to create and evaluate a research model. The model examines how industry 4.0 (I4.0) affects sustainable development, focusing on the mediating role of 10R advanced manufacturing capabilities. Furthermore, the study also analyzes the moderating influence of environment dynamism (ED). Sustainable development is assessed based on two key factors - financial performance (FP) and sustainable performance (SP). Design / Methodology / Approach: The data is collected by surveying upper management in the GCC manufacturing sector through questionnaires. A total of 232 responses were included in the primary analyses. Data analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS 25.0 and SmartPLS 3.2.8. The dependability and path analysis were established using structural equation modeling (SEM). Results: The results show that I4.0 increases FP, whereas the I4.0-SP relationship is statistically insignificant. However, the I4.0-SP insignificant relationship is moderated by ED. Further, ED also moderates the relationship between I4.0 and 10R advanced manufacturing capabilities, as well as 10R advanced manufacturing capabilities and sustainable development (FP and SP). The 10R capabilities partially mediate the I4.0-FP relationship, whereas the study finds full mediation for the I4.0-SP association. Research limitations: The study employed Google forms to conveniently collect data from GCC industrial senior management using a cross-section design. Originality / Value: This study has identified a business model that impacts sustainable development by integrating I4.0 technologies, ED, and 10R. The study findings have significant implications for managers and policymakers.