Based on the conceptual model of multidimensional and hierarchical motivational climate the objective of this study was to test two models. One model (M1) of total mediation, testing the mediating mechanisms that explain why the motivational climate affects intention of continuity or dropout. Specifically, we test the mediating role of satisfaction/frustration of basic psychological needs and self-determined motivation, in the relationship between the players’ perception of the empowering and disempowering climate created by the coach, and the intention of young soccer players to continue/dropout the sport practice. The second model (M2) of partial mediation, contributes to knowing the mechanisms that link the antecedent variables included in the model (perceived empowering and disempowering motivational climate) and the outcomes (intention of continuity or dropout in sport). A total of 381 young male soccer players between 12 and 14 years of age (M = 12.41, SD = 0.89), completed a questionnaire package tapping into the variables of interest: players’ perception of the motivational climate created by the coach (empowering and disempowering), satisfaction/thwarting of basic psychological needs, self-determined motivation and the intention to continue/dropout sports participation. The hypothesized model was tested using a structural equation model technique with latent variables. The results of the partial mediation model were satisfactory (χ²= 120.92; df = 68; RMSEA = 0.045; CFI = 0.968; TLI = 0.957) and showed that need satisfaction and self-determined motivation partially mediated the relationship between the perception of the empowering climate and the intention to continue. Moreover, need satisfaction showed a positive and significant relationship with the intention to continue sports participation. Additionally, need thwarting and self-determined motivation totally mediated the relationship between the perception of the disempowering climate and the intention to dropout. Furthermore, needs thwarting was positively and significantly related to the intention to dropout of sports participation. Findings point to the importance of fostering empowering climates and preventing the creation of disempowering climates in the grassroots football.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to validate the Empowering and Disempowering Motivational Climate Questionnaire-Coach (EDMCQ-C) in young Mexican athletes through the analysis of its psychometric properties, reliability, convergent-discriminant, concurrent and factorial (first and second order) validity. Method: A total of 1243 young Mexican athletes aged 12 to 17 years participated. Results: Analysis showed adequate psychometric properties, both reliability by dimensions and factors, as well as convergent-discriminant, concurrent, factorial, two-dimensional (first-order CFA) and five-factor validity with their respective two dimensions (second-order CFA). Conclusion: These data suggest that the version adapted to the Mexican context is a valid and reliable instrument to assess the perception of motivational climates generated by coaches in young Mexican athletes.

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el comportamiento de las variables climas motivacionales de empoderamiento y desempoderamiento, satisfacción, y frustración de las necesidades psicológicas básicas, tipos de motivación e intenciones de continuar y abandonar la práctica deportiva en función del género y el tipo de discapacidad; además, analizar la interacción de las variables psicológicas. Participaron 90 atletas paralímpicos mexicanos (Medad = 29.06, DE = 8.91). Los resultados confirman que: 1) respecto al género no hay significancia en las diferencias, sin embargo, el análisis de magnitudes muestra valores más altos en hombres que en mujeres en clima empoderamiento, motivación autónoma y controlada; 2) según el tipo de discapacidad hay diferencias en el clima empoderamiento y motivación controlada, destacando que el clima empoderamiento solo es distinto entre deportistas en silla de ruedas y deportistas con parálisis cerebral. Referente a la interrelación entre variables muestra la interacción positiva entre el clima empoderamiento y la motivación autónoma, el clima desempoderamiento con la motivación controlada, además la frustración de las necesidades psicológicas con la motivación controlada, y esta a su vez con la intención de abandonar. Por lo anterior, es importante mencionar el papel que juegan los entrenadores en el contexto deportivo, propiciando una mayor calidad en la implicación deportiva del atleta, permitiendo a su vez una intención futura de práctica deportiva. Palabras claves: Climas motivacionales, género, deportistas paralímpicos. The aim of this study was to analyze of empowering and disempowering motivational climates, satisfaction or frustration of the basic psychological needs, motivation types, and intention to continue or abandon physical activity practice behavior as a function of gender and disability type; additionally, to analyze psychological variables interaction between them. 90 Mexican paralympic athletes participated, (Mage = 29.06, SD = 8.91. Results confirm that: 1) there are not significant gender differences, nevertheless, magnitude analysis showed greater empowering climate, autonomous and controlled motivation in men than women. 2) There are differences in empowering climate and controlled motivation according to disability type, highlighting that empowering climate is only different between wheelchair and cerebral paralysis athletes. Regarding the psychological variables’ interrelation, there are positive interaction between empowering climate and autonomous motivation, disempowering climate and controlled motivation, basic psychological needs frustration and controlled motivation, which in turn is related to intention to abandon. For the above, it is important to mention the role that coaches play in the sports context, promoting a higher quality in the athlete's sports involvement, allowing in turn a future intention to practice sports. Keywords: motivational climates, gender, paralympic athletes.

El deporte paralímpico fomenta la inclusión y el desarrollo de las personas con discapacidad, promoviendo su participación en actividades deportivas según la ONU (2022). El objetivo de este estudio fue valorar el rol moderador de la motivación autónoma en la relación entre la percepción del clima tarea que promueve el entrenador y la intención futura de continuar la práctica en deportistas paralímpicos. Participaron 183 paralímpicos mexicanos (M edad = 21.2, DT = 5.40) pertenecientes a 9 disciplinas deportivas, quienes contestaron en versión electrónica una batería de instrumentos psicológicos de las distintas variables de estudio adaptadas al contexto paralímpico: el Cuestionario de Clima Motivacional Empowering y Disempowering creado por el entrenador (EDMCQ-C), la Escala de Motivación en el Deporte (SMS-II), y la escala de deseos futuros de práctica (INT-PAPA). Los resultados del modelo de regresión moderada con PROCESS indicaron que la motivación autónoma modera la relación entre el clima tarea y la intención futura de continuar (B = .24, p < .001). Concretamente, para valores altos de motivación autónoma (valores iguales o por encima de 5.76, el 71.03% de la muestra) la relación entre clima tarea y la intención futura de continuar la práctica fue positiva y significativa; mientras que para valores bajos en motivación autónoma (valores iguales o por debajo de 3.80, el 19.67% de la muestra) la relación entre clima tarea y la intención futura de continuar la práctica fue negativa y significativa. En conclusión, es importante fomentar la motivación autónoma para favorecer la relación positiva entre la percepción del clima tarea creado por el entrenador y la intención futura de continuar la práctica en paralímpicos