This study aims to examine the level of employer satisfaction towards industrial training students of the UiTM Pahang Civil Engineering Diploma Program and identify employer satisfaction factors for industrial training students from aspects of knowledge, personality, generic skills, and soft skills. This study is focused on semester four students undergoing industrial training. This study was conducted on 158 respondents from various organizations. Using the important relative index (RII), the level of important factors was ranked through the value of the index. Findings show the highest employer satisfaction is towards the student mastering their knowledge, adhering to the working hours, improving their skills and knowledge, and communicating well with co-workers. Besides, it also shows a good correlation between knowledge and personality among industrial training students. This study found that industrial training students of the Civil Engineering Diploma Program had a good level of control over all four domains. Overall findings showed that employers are satisfied with the industrial training students of the UiTM Pahang Civil Engineering Diploma Program. This study is important to measure the effectiveness of the industrial training syllabus in terms of achieving the program outcomes addressed in the syllabus

Student-centered learning (SCL) is one of the teaching methods commonly used nowadays as it encourages the active participation and engagement of students in the classroom, especially for the engineering theoretical subject. This study is aimed to examine the factors of students’ involvement and participation towards the SCL Teaching Method in terms of the activities, benefits, problems, and limitations of student involvement. The quantitative data are obtained from the responses of students that enroll in an engineering theoretical subject in the Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Pahang Civil Engineering Diploma Program. These questionnaires were being classified into five major factors that are the formation of group studies for SCL activities, activities conducted for SCL teaching method, benefits that they gain from SCL method, problems that they encounter during SCL, and suggestions for student improvement towards the activity SCL session. The collected data were analyzed quantitatively by using the percentage and mean method in SPSS computer software. The Relative Importance Index (RII) system was used to quantify the relative importance of involvement factors. This study revealed three main factors affecting the participation and engagement of students in the classroom. This study has an important contribution to help academicians to improve and enhance their teaching method to achieve the objective of the SCL method in the future.

There are several pollutants that can harm our environment. Oil and grease are one of the examples of a pollutant that can cause a severe environmental problem. The highest concentration of oil and grease inside the sewer system can cause the sewer to clog that can lead to overflow. It can affect not only to the environment but can also affecting our health. There are various methods of oil and grease removal that one of the examples is by using adsorption method. This method commonly uses activated carbon that is one of the effective adsorbents. Although effective, the cost for activated carbon is expensive thus a study was conducted by using agricultural residues as alternative adsorbents for oil and grease removal. This study objective is to determine the ability of two adsorbents, which are sugarcane bagasse and banana pith as an adsorbent in removing oil and grease from wastewater. It involved the characterization of adsorbent and the performance studies of the adsorbent. The adsorbent was characterized in term of physical and chemical characterization. Dosage and contact time are the parameter used for performance studies, to see the ability of adsorbents in removing oil and grease.

Polysulfone (PSF) is widely used material for ultrafiltration (UF) membranes, which has outstanding mechanical properties, great chemical resistance, good thermal stability and wide pH operation range. The hydrophobic property of the PSF membrane seriously limits its application. Hence, blending with hydrophilic material as additives such as cellulose have been intensively studied to improve the hydrophilicity of membranes. Cellulose fibrils are composed of nano-sized elements, which have high hydrophilicity, strength, and biodegradation. A composite membrane was prepared by the phase inversion induced by an immersion process. The characteristics of the composite membrane were investigated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM). The pure water flux of the composite membrane increased dramatically with the increase of cellulose fibrils. Mean pore size and porosity were significantly increased. Both mechanical properties and hydrophilicity were enhanced due to the addition of the cellulose fibrils.

Sediment removed in the detachment process is transported by overland flow. Previous experimental and field works studied that sediment transport is influenced by hydraulic properties of flow, physical properties of soil, and surface characteristics. Several equations in predicting sediment transport have been developed from previous research. The objective of this paper was to establish the selected parameters that contribute to the sediment transport capacity in overland flow conditions under different rainfall pattern conditions and to evaluate their significance. The establishment of independent variables was performed using the dimensional analysis approach that is Buckingham’s π theorem. The final results obtained are a series of independent parameters; the Reynolds number ($Re)$, dimensionless rainfall parameter $\left(\frac{iL}{\nu }\right)$, hydraulic characteristics $\left(\frac{Q}{L\nu }\right)$ that related to the dependent parameters; and dimensionless sediment transport $\left(\frac{q_s}{\rho v}\right)$. The relationship indicates that 63.6% to 72.44% of the variance in the independent parameters is in relation to the dependent parameter. From the iteration method, the estimation of constant and regression coefficient values is presented in the form of the general formula for linear and nonlinear model equations. The linear and nonlinear model equations have the highest model accuracy of 93.1% and 81.5%, respectively. However, the nonlinear model equation has the higher discrepancy ratio of 54.9%.

The used of additive enhance the surface of the membrane layer and can be choose from various material. Examples of commonly used additive in membrane are Polyethylene glycol, silica oxide, cellulose acetate and Polyvinylpyrrolidone. Silica oxide was proven have ability to minimize the fouling problem hence increase hydrophobic properties of membrane. Silica also can be extracted from rice husk ash, sugarcane bagasse, sorghum vularae seed and kenaf by precipitation method, biodigestion and sol-gel process. Silica extraction from sugarcane bagasse was chosen as the organic additive for membrane formation. In order to investigate the suitability of the material, several characterization test have been conducted. There are thermal, microscopic and spectroscopic analyses. Thermal gravimetric analysis was performed on sugarcane bagasse to determine the amount of silica that can be extracted from it. Results of TGA on sugarcane bagasse show that the peak temperature at 315.70 °C are defined as crystalline melt. After the melt transition, the baseline takings to a slightly lower position than the pre-melt baseline. The post-melt baseline changes slope as the sample begins decomposition while TGA extrapolated onset temperature of 241.56 °C as this sample decomposes. The analysis of microscopic shows that the addition of silica from sugarcane bagasse changed the surface structure of the membrane especially at top layer and sub layer. Sugarcane bagasse show bands for carboxylate (COO-) and hydroxyl (OH-) groups. The availability of negatively charged groups at the surface of sugarcane bagasse shows potential to be used as additive in membrane fabrication.