Government departments use the air quality index (AQI) to inform the public about how unhealthy the air is now or may become in the future. As the AQI increases, so do health threats. In addition to reporting daily air quality, it is also a measure of how air pollution impacts one’s health over a limited period of time. The AQI was created to assist people in understanding how local air quality affects their health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the air quality of one day of 253 towns in Nigeria, thereby determining the health threat in these towns. The data were collected from the Tutiempo Network’s regular dataset by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Data on all of the major pollutants (O₃, PM_2.5, PM₁₀, CO, NO, SO₂) were collected and statistical analysis was performed. Kura (Kano State), a town in northern Nigeria, recorded the highest level of 184, while Idiroko, a border town (Nigeria–Benin Republic) in Ogun State, had the lowest value of 41. Kura was portrayed as unhealthy, while Idiroko was portrayed as healthy, implying that Idiroko air poses little to no danger, while Kura air showed that certain people of the general public, as well as members of sensitive groups, could encounter more severe health effects.

The study assessed arable crop farmers’ involvement in non-farm activities in Ondo State, Nigeria. A two-stage sampling procedure was used to select 210 respondents. The data were collected through a validated questionnaire. Data collected were described with frequency counts, percentages, and mean, while Chi-square and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) were used for analysis. Findings revealed that the mean age of the respondents was 55±1.26 years and the majority (67.9%) of the respondents were male. It was revealed that about 76.7% were married with an average household size of 6 members. The majority (87.1%) of the respondents were involved in non-farm activities such as trading (22.4%), tailoring/fashion designing (11.0%) and carpentry/furniture (11.0%). 64.2% indicated that they were involved throughout the season, 28.1% only during the rainy season and 12% were involved occasionally. Furthermore, inadequate finance (x̄ = 1.56) ranked 1st in the constraint to arable farmers’ involvement in non-farm activities. At p< 0.05, there was a significant association between educational level (χ2= 15.6; p< 0.05), source of credit (χ2 = 3.7; p<0.05), arable crop farmers’ perception of non-farm activities (r= -0.1, p <0.05). The study established that arable crop farmers are highly involved in various non-farm activities such as trading, tailoring, carpentry and food vending. These are expected to boost their living standard by making extra income are involved to make extra income in addition to farming. Therefore, change agents should encourage more farmers to involve in non-farm activities as a way to make extra means of living in order to fight poverty and food insecurity in the study area.

The study assessed the knowledge and attitudes of rural dwellers regarding the importance of African breadfruit in Osun State, Nigeria. It describes the respondents' socioeconomic characteristics, their knowledge of the importance of African breadfruit, and attitudes toward the production and consumption of African breadfruit in the study area. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 288 respondents. Data were elicited through a structured questionnaire. Data collected were described with frequency, percentages and mean. They were also analysed using Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). Findings revealed that the mean age of the respondents was 47.8 ± 1.32 years and the majority were male (62.2%) with a mean years of formal schooling as 9.7 ± 4.67. Respondents had moderate knowledge (64%) of the importance of African breadfruit, with an indifferent attitude towards its production and consumption. There was a significant association between religion (χ2= 21.966; P=0.000), level of education (χ2= 46.136; P=0.000), cosmopoliteness (χ2= 16.877; P=0.000) and knowledge of the importance of African breadfruit at p ≤0.01. There was a significant relationship between the level of education (r = 0.202), years of formal schooling (r = -0.165), cosmopoliteness (r = 0.172), and knowledge of the importance of African breadfruit at p ≤ 0.01. Additionally, there exists a significant relationship between rural households’ attitudes toward the production and consumption of African breadfruit and the knowledge of its importance (r = 0.219, p ≤0.01). It was therefore established from the findings of this study that respondents had moderate knowledge of African breadfruit with an indifferent attitude towards its production and consumption.