The green leadership (GL) concept has significantly gained popularity over the last decade. Consequently, more research has been conducted on this emerging leadership concept, emphasizing leadership styles that promote the green environment so that sustainable goals can be achieved. In the present research, leaders’ emotional intelligence (EI) is positioned as a mediating variable between GL and employees’ green organizational citizenship behavior (GOCB). The data of this research comprised managerial and non-managerial staff from the manufacturing and service industries. A PLS-SEM was used to evaluate the relationship between the various factors among 422 employees. The empirical findings indicated that GL and GOCB had a favorable and robust relationship. The results of the study also suggested that a leader’s EI mediates the influence of green leadership on their employees’ green organizational citizenship behavior. Green leadership is essential in creating sustainable environmental behaviors among employees. It can strengthen leaders’ EI, which successively helps them to garner positivity and foster an environment of mutual harmony and cooperation in the workplace to support pro-environmental policies. Overall, our study contributes to and advances previous studies and shows that green leadership plays a critical role in influencing a leader’s own EI which, in turn, predicts the green OCB of their employees in the workplace.

The COVID-19 epidemic has forced the closure of educational institutions all over the globe since it put academic schedules in peril. To maintain academic activity, the majority of academic institutions have turned to online instruction platforms, which immensely affected instructors and pupils one-on-one interactions, among other things, causing a paradigm change in the teachinglearning approach. In light of this, it is essential to examine pupils perceptions and difficulties associated with online learning amid of the COVID-19 epidemic. The current research adopts a sample survey and a quantitative method. In February and March 2022, a sample of 369 Iraqi school pupils was collected using a Google Form Questionnaire. Several statistical methods, including descriptive statistics, factor analysis, reliability, logistic regression, and the Chi-square test, were used to analyze the data in Statistical Package for Social Science. The findings of the study indicated that, on average, students had mixed opinions toward virtual classes during the outbreak because it became a solution to fill the learning gap. On the other hand, inadequate tools and uneven access to the internet make it difficult for students to learn online. The outcome of the logistic regression analysis demonstrates that the number of rooms, family income, fathers education, and ICT device all have a favorable impact on virtual classes. Meanwhile, students confronted a lot of challenges in taking online classes. Therefore, the findings of this study will persuade academic institutions and policymakers to improve the effectiveness of online learning with the most modern teaching techniques while also encouraging the government to advance remote regions and foster basic infrastructure and Internet access, narrowing the digital divide and making e-learning more fruitful.