Regardless of the vehicle's application, the thermal comfort of the vehicle's occupants and driver is given increased attention. Maintaining a sense of thermal comfort, whether for safety, health or occupant thermal well-being reasons, is one of the most important goals of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. There are a significant number of physical variables that affect thermal comfort. Therefore, evaluating thermal comfort has always been a complex issue and has attracted the attention of researchers. The feeling of thermal comfort is provided by factors that depend on the heat exchange between the human body and the external environment. It is well known that one of the requirements to be fulfilled is to find a person in thermal neutrality in the environment according to the comfort equation. The article describes and evaluates the following indicators: DTS (dynamic thermal sensitivity), TS (thermal sensitivity), PMV (predicted mean voice) and PPD (predicted percentage of dissatisfaction). The most common models for evaluating thermal comfort, namely the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV), Taniguchi’s model, Zhang’s model and Nilsson’s model in a variety of car cabin conditions, have been reviewed. The limitations of these models in terms of the objectivity of the results obtained are analysed.

The rapid development and deployment of mobile communications focused the scientists attention on electromagnetic field distribution problem. Numerical techniques, such as finite element method integral equations method, finite difference time domain method( FDTD) and some hybrid methods have been taken into account. These approaches allow to obtain a good accuracy in the estimation of the electromagnetic (EM) field distribution in the given phantom. FDTD method required to evaluate six components of EM field and the time discretization, what demanded the powerful computer and long time to compute. The attempt to increase the accuracy of computation by increasing of cells number collided with convergence problem. To avoid this problem the integral equations method was chosen for research. The results of modeling confirmed the correctness and adequacy of proposed model for evaluation of electromagnetic field distribution from mobile phone in human head phantom. Author(s) Yakovenko, E. Lviv Polytech. Nat. Univ., Ukraine Goblyk, V.

The use of composite materials in additive manufacturing has significant potential and prospects for development. However, the 3D printing of composite materials also has some challenges, such as tool path planning and optimization, material distribution and planning, optimization of printing parameters, and others. Graph theory may be suitable for solving some of them. Many practical problems can be modeled as problems of identifying subsets of graph vertices or edges with certain extremal properties. Such problems belong to the category of graph extremal problems. Some of these problems can be represented as integer linear programming problems, for which, in order to solve, modifications of simplex method can be used. These methods are supported by MS Excel Solver add-in, which suggests the possibility of solving these problems effectively with its help. The task of implementing procedures for solving such problems by means of standard engineering software seems to be possible. This paper aims to develop efficient spreadsheet models of some extremal problems for graphs of higher strength in order to prove the feasibility and to unify the procedures of solving such problems via the MS Excel Solver add-in. Several spreadsheet models based on the graph representation by its expanded incidence matrix, while specifying a vector of unknowns as the vector of binary variables associated with vertices or edges of the sought parts of the graph, have been developed and proven to be efficient for solving such problems by simplex method via the MS Excel Solver add-in.