Objective:This study aimed to compare CT findings in patients with Epstein–Barr virus positive (EBV+) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the elderly with CT findings in patients with Epstein–Barr virus negative (EBV−) DLBCL.Methods:We retrospectively identified 9 consecutive patients with EBV+ DLBCL (6 males and 3 females; aged 72–83 years, mean: 76.2 years) and 39 consecutive patients with EBV− DLBCL (19 males and 20 females; aged 53–91 years, mean: 71.3 years) who had undergone CT examinations between September 2007 and August 2016. In each type of disease, clinical and CT findings were evaluated.Results:No significant differences in B symptom incidence or serum lactate dehydrogenase levels were found between the two diseases. However, the prognosis of patients with EBV+ DLBCL was significantly poorer than that of those with EBV− DLBCL (p < 0.05). Nodal and extranodal necrosis was found in 6 (66.7%) of 9 patients with EBV+ DLBCL and in 6 (15.4%) of 39 patients with EBV− DLBCL (p < 0.005).Conclusio...

Splenopancreatic fusion is a rare anomaly that is often associated with trisomy 13. Its diagnosis can be important in patients scheduled to undergo distal pancreatectomy or splenectomy, to avoid possible intraoperative or postoperative complications. An 82-year-old Japanese man was referred to our hospital for further evaluation and treatment for a solitary hepatocellular carcinoma based on liver cirrhosis. Triple-phase contrast-enhanced multidetector-row computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a splenopancreatic fusion as well as a solitary hepatocellular carcinoma in segment VIII of his liver. Fusion of the pancreatic tail and spleen is a rare and asymptomatic anomaly. Its detection can be improved by the use of multidetector computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.

(1) Background: Pretreatment by Rad51-inhibitory substances such as gemcitabine followed by arterial chemotherapy using antineoplastic agents causing DNA crosslink might be more beneficial for patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancers than conventional treatments. The efficacy of arterial administration of DNA crosslinking agents with pretreatment of intravenous low-dose gemcitabine for patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer (LAPC or MPC) is evaluated. (2) Methods: A single-arm, single-center, institutional review board-approved prospective study was conducted between 2005 and 2015. Forty-five patients (23 LAPC, 22 MPC) were included. Patients received a weekly low dose of gemcitabine intravenously for three weeks followed by arterial administration of mitomycin C and epirubicin hydrochloride at tumor-supplying arteries on the fifth or sixth week. This treatment course was repeated at 1.5-to-2-month intervals. Overall survival (OS), local progression-free survival (LPFS), and therapeutic response were evaluated. LAPC or MPC were divided according to treatment compliance, excellent or poor (1 or 2), to subgroups L1, L2, M1, and M2. (3) Results: OS of LAPC and MPC were 23 months and 13 months, respectively. The OS of LAPC with excellent treatment compliance (subgroup L1, 10 patients) was 33 months with 31 months of LPFS, and four patients (40%) had a complete response (CR). The OS of the L1 subgroup was significantly longer than those of other subgroups L2, M1, and M2, which were 17 months, 17 months, and 8 months, respectively. As Grade 3 adverse effects, severe bone marrow suppression, interstitial pneumonitis, and hemolytic uremic syndrome were observed in six (13.0%), three (6.5%), and three (6.5%) patients, respectively. (4) Conclusions: Arterial DNA crosslinking with the systemic restraint of homologous recombination repair can be a new treatment option for LAPC.

To investigate the medial pathways of the right retromesenteric plane by reviewing multidetector CT (MDCT) findings in patients with acute pancreatitis and pyelonephritis. 112 patients with acute pancreatitis and 114 patients with pyelonephritis underwent MDCT scans. 64 of the 112 patients with acute pancreatitis and 34 of the 114 patients with pyelonephritis had right retromesenteric plane thickening because of inflammatory extensions. The medial pathways of the right retromesenteric plane were evaluated by two radiologists in consensus. In 18 (28%) of the 64 patients with acute pancreatitis and 10 (29%) of the 34 patients with pyelonephritis, the right retromesenteric plane continued to the central retroperitoneum behind the descending duodenum and pancreatic head (Type 1 pathway). The right retromesenteric plane extended to the right wall of the descending duodenum (Type 2 pathway) in 46 patients (72%) with acute pancreatitis and 24 patients (71%) with pyelonephritis. There was no significant difference in the pathway patterns of the right retromesenteric plane between the acute pancreatitis group and the pyelonephritis group (Type 1 pathway, p = 0.89; Type 2 pathway, p = 0.76). Two patterns were confirmed regarding the medial pathways of the right retromesenteric plane; this anatomical knowledge is important for evaluating the extension of retroperitoneal diseases. Medial aspect of the right retromesenteric plane is thought to have two pathways. The right retromesenteric plane continuing to the right duodenal wall is a common type. Knowledge of these variations is important when evaluating the retroperitoneal diseases.