In this study, we critically revised and updated the checklist of native vascular plants of Mongolia. The checklist comprises 3,041 native vascular plant taxa (2,835 species and 206 infraspecific species) from 653 genera and 111 families, including 7 lycophytes, 41 ferns, 21 gymnosperms, and 2,972 angiosperms. In the angiosperms, we identified the 14 families with the greatest species richness, ranging from 50 to 456 taxa. Species endemism is also noted here; 102 taxa are endemic to Mongolia, and 275 taxa are sub-endemic that co-occur in adjacent countries. Since 2014, a total of 14 taxa have been described new to science based on morphological evidences. Moreover, five genera and 74 taxa were newly added to the flora of Mongolia. Based on our critical revisions, names of three families, 21 genera, and 230 species have been changed in comparison to the previous checklist, “Conspectus of the vascular plants of Mongolia” (2014).

The aim of the present study is to update the checklist of vascular plants endemic to Mongolia using previous checklists, publications, herbarium collections, and field observations. The revised checklist includes 102 endemic taxa (95 species, five subspecies, and two nothospecies) from 43 genera and 19 families. The majority of endemic taxa were distributed in western and central Mongolia, and high endemic species richness was identified in four phytogeographical regions, namely Mongolian Altai, Khangai, Dzungarian Gobi, and Gobi Altai, which harbor 49, 27, 20, and 16 endemic taxa, respectively. For each endemic taxon, we compiled information about growth form, conservation status (if already assessed), phytogeographical distribution, and voucher specimens. Data on each taxon’s type specimen were also collected, and the majority of the type specimens were accessioned at the LE (58 taxa), MW (20 taxa), and UBA (7 taxa) herbaria.

The Altai Mountains of central Asia are biologically rich and comprise a wide diversity of ecosystems and lineages, including numerous endemic vascular plant species. Here we provide an updated checklist of the endemic vascular flora of the Altai Mountains with more taxa and higher geographic resolution than previously reported, as well as first molecular data and specimen images for many of these species. This flora is now known to contain 321 endemic species distributed in 34 families, many of which are narrowly restricted to one subregion of the Altai. The Fabaceae has given rise to the most endemic species in the Altai (74 spp.), and most of this diversity is found in the large and ecologically important genera Astragalus and Oxytropis. Approximately 60% of the endemic flora was imaged and successfully barcoded with at least one of three common DNA barcoding loci, and a phylogenetic tree based upon these loci is also presented to display the evolutionary breadth of endemism in the Altai. The distribution of each endemic species is presented in terms of a standard geographic subdivision of the Altai region, with general conservation priorities discussed based on areas currently afforded protected status.

Taxonomic identification of the genus Astragalus L. is challenging given that there are more than 3,000 taxa worldwide. In the present study, shrubby Astragalus arbuscula Pall., belonging to section Dissitiflori, is new record in the Mongolian flora based on morphological observations. The general morphology of this species is similar to that of A. gontscharovii Vassilcz., but it can be differentiated by its bracts 1–2 mm, black ciliate, calyx covered with strongly asymmetrically bifurcate and standard without a tongue-like narrowed tip. The general distribution, wild photo illustration, taxonomic notes, species examined, and habitats are provided

Система подтрибы Potentillinae J. Presl (Rosaceae Juss.)

В статье представлены новые данные о видовом разнообразии и распространении некоторых видов из нескольких семейств растений в Монголии. Материал был собран в ходе экспедиций лета 2015 года и хранится в гербарии ALTB. В ходе исследований горной части Джунгарской Гоби во время весенней экспедиции по территории Западной Монголии был обнаружен редчайший эндемик Алтая – Potentilla gobica Soják (Монголия, Кобдоский аймак, Алтай сомон, северо-западный макросклон хребта Их-Хавтаг-Уул в 4 км южнее заставы Зээгийн, урочище «Яргайтын сайр», каменистые остепненные склоны ущельев и щебнистые днища пересыхающих ручьев с участием зарослей можжевельника, жимолости, спиреи и розы. P. desertorum Bunge – наиболее близкий вид к P. gobica, практически отсутствует в данном поясе гор Их-Хавтаг-Ула, но часто встречается намного ниже. Так как почти половина территории хр. Их-Хавтаг-Ула расположена в Китае, то нахождение P. gobica во флоре этого региона вполне ожидаемо. Ключевые слова: флора, западная Монголия, новые таксоны, новые местонахождения.