MATEC Web of Conferences, open access proceedings in Materials science, Engineering and Chemistry

Modern sewage plant is a complex engineering structure with a different configuration of functional sectors (zones). The inlet sections to the pumps operate in a gravity flow mode, characterized by incomplete filling of the section with water, based on the requirements of non-absorption of ventilation safety for the resulting gas, mainly methane. As the liquid and gas have a higher temperature than the air temperature in the premises of the pumping stations. The problem of heat flow from the fluid have to be solved by a specially designed method that takes into account the separation of gas and liquid flows in pipes and rectangular channels by applying the theory of similarity, criteria equations and computational experiment. An important circumstance in the structure of the algorithm of the calculation is finding and using the concept of the wetted perimeter, as well as newly introduced in the article the concept of the average heat transfer coefficient with respect to the specific configuration of each element partially filled with liquid. Pumps and pipes after them as usual completely filled with water, but here in turn, we have to consider a special form of surfaces of equipment and fittings drainage systems.

In the city in the winter going outside the house you find yourself in a slippery and snowy weather with frosts and wind of different intensity. Forming covered with translucent roofs courtyards and streets can improve the quality of life of citizens. At the same time, in summer, at elevated outdoor temperatures, it is possible to create the required microclimate for people by blocking yards and streets and adding engineering systems that form the microclimate. Transport should be removed from such yards and streets, except for electric cars and bicycles, which will reduce the gas contamination and dust of these protected spaces. To form a year-round comfortable space for people in the covered yard, it is necessary to analyse the temperature regime. The most difficult is the thermal regime of the covered yard in the warm period of the year, when the heat flow from solar radiation in conjunction with the high temperatures of the outside air form the temperature of the indoor air in the covered yard. Thermal behaviour of the covered courtyard during the warmer period of the year considered in this article.

Активное применение керамического пустотелого кирпича в нашей стране показало, что несмотря на его высокие теплотехнические свойства и низкий коэффициент теплопроводности, а также привлекательный внешний вид зданий, облицованных таким материалом, при его длительной эксплуатации возникает ряд проблем. В статье приведены результаты лабораторных и натурных исследований влажностного режима наружных стен и сравнительного анализа долговечности облицовочного слоя стен из пустотелого керамического и из полнотелого силикатного кирпича. На основе полученных данных выявлены причины разрушений облицовочного слоя из пустотелого керамического кирпича. Кроме того, приведены преимущества полнотелого силикатного кирпича при длительных сроках эксплуатации. Определено влияние образующегося льда на теплопроводность кирпичной кладки и сформулированы предложения по повышению долговечности и теплозащитных качеств облицовочных слоев наружных стен многоэтажных и высотных зданий.

The covered yards in the cities with big durations of the cold period of year are useful for people to stay in rather favorable conditions of a microclimate that increases ability of each person to carry out more useful work, study or other creative activity. The covered yards relieve the person of extra wind loading and children to spend time on the street more comfortably. Formation of the covered yards allows to have not freezing sandboxes in which children can play all the year. The research in this article is dedicated the thermal mode of the covered yards.