Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and calcium sulphoaluminate (CSA) cement were used to prepare repair mortar for the restoration of the walls of a building built with bricks. The preparation, hydration, and properties of the PVA-modified CSA cement repair mortar were studied. Besides this, the mechanism by which PVA improves the bonding strength is also discussed. The results demonstrate that PVA prolongs the setting time of CSA cement, which is ascribed to PVA inhibiting the dissolution of C₄A₃$ (4CaO·3Al₂O₃·SO₃) and the precipitation of AFt (3CaO·Al₂O₃·3CaSO₄·26H₂O) within the hydration age of 0~60 min. PVA lowers the mechanical strength of CSA cement repair mortar at the hydration age of 6 h. After 6 h, the mechanical strength is improved. PVA could also improve the bonding strength between CSA repair mortar and bricks. This is mainly ascribed to the Al ions in both the hydration products of CSA cement and the clay bricks reacting with the hydroxyl group of PVA and forming the chemical bond C-O-Al. Therefore, a tighter combination between CSA cement repair mortar and the clay bricks forms, thereby improving the bonding strength.