Sea surface temperature is an important physical parameter in marine research. Accurate prediction of sea surface temperature is important for coping with climate change, marine ecological protection, and marine economic development. In this study, the SST prediction performance of ConvLSTM and ST-ConvLSTM with different input lengths, prediction lengths, and hidden sizes is investigated. The experimental results show that: (1) The input length has an impact on the prediction results of SST, but it does not mean that the longer the input length, the better the prediction performance. ConvLSTM and ST-ConvLSTM have the best prediction performance when the input length is set to 1, and the prediction performance gradually decreases as the input length increases. (2) Prediction length affects SST prediction. As the prediction length increases, the prediction performance gradually decreases. When other parameters are kept constant and only the prediction length is changed, the ConvLSTM gets the best result when the prediction length is set to 2, and the ST-ConvLSTM gets the best result when the prediction length is set to 1. (3) The setting of the hidden size has a great influence on the prediction ability of the sea surface temperature, but the hidden size cannot be set blindly. For ST-ConvLSTM, although the prediction performance of SST is better when the hidden size is set to 128 than when it is set to 64, the consequent computational cost increases by about 50%, and the performance only improves by about 10%.

Significant wave height (SWH) prediction plays an important role in marine engineering areas such as fishery, exploration, power generation, and ocean transportation. For long-term forecasting of a specific location, classical numerical model wave height forecasting methods often require detailed climatic data and incur considerable calculation costs, which are often impractical in emergencies. In addition, how to capture and use the dynamic correlation between multiple variables is also a major research challenge for multivariate SWH prediction. To explore a new method for predicting SWH, this paper proposes a deep neural network model for multivariate time series SWH prediction—namely, CLTS-Net. In this study, the sea surface wind and wave height in the ERA5 dataset of the relevant points P1, P2, and P3 from 2011 to 2018 were used as input information to train the model and evaluate the model’s SWH prediction performance. The results show that the correlation coefficients (R) of CLTS-Net are 0.99 and 0.99, respectively, in the 24 h and 48 h SWH forecasts at point P1 along the coast. Compared with the current mainstream artificial intelligence-based SWH solutions, it is much higher than ANN (0.79, 0.70), RNN (0.82, 0.83), LSTM (0.93, 0.91), and Bi-LSTM (0.95, 0.94). Point P3 is located in the deep sea. In the 24 h and 48 h SWH forecasts, the R of CLTS-Net is 0.97 and 0.98, respectively, which are much higher than ANN (0.71, 0.72), RNN (0.85, 0.78), LSTM (0.85, 0.78), and Bi-LSTM (0.93, 0.93). Especially in the 72 h SWH forecast, when other methods have too large errors and have lost their practical application value, the R of CLTS-Net at P1, P2, and P3 can still reach 0.81, 0.71, and 0.98. The results also show that CLTS-Net can capture the short-term and long-term dependencies of data, so as to accurately predict long-term SWH, and has wide applicability in different sea areas.