Fully mechanized caving mining in extrathick coal seams is currently the most efficient mining method. To figure out the mining‐induced stress in extrathick coal seams which is significantly different from the normal ones is essential for mining safety. This research is based on the No. 3106 working face of Lu‐Zi‐Gou coal mine in China, which extracts extrathick coal seams by using the comprehensive mechanized top‐coal caving method. According to the elastoplastic theory, a multiforce superposition mining‐induced stress model is constructed in this research. In this model, the mining‐induced stress is generated by the side coal seam of the stope, including the load formed by the broken roof blocks in the caving zone, the unbroken rock layers in the side of the goaf, and the rock layers in the bending zone. To verify the model, electromagnetic wave CT detection and borehole endoscopy are used to test the coal’s electromagnetic wave attenuation and internal joints. The results indicate that the mining of extrathick coal seams forms internal and external stress fields in the side coal seams of the stope. As the depth increases, the mining‐induced stress first increases and then decreases within the two areas. According to the above conclusions, the width of coal pillars and the location of roadways between adjacent working faces can be reasonably determined.

To address the rock burst safety hazards encountered during coal seam mining in coal pillar areas under complex geological conditions and ensure sustainable and stable mine production, this study investigates the coal pillar area of a ventilation shaft in a mining area. Through an integrated approach incorporating field investigation, laboratory testing, numerical simulation, and engineering analogy, systematic research was conducted on rock burst mechanisms, geological modeling, and risk assessment. The results indicate that rock bursts in this coal pillar area represent tectonic-type disasters dominated by tectonic stress and induced by multi-factor coupling, with the coal seam exhibiting weak burst proneness. Based on a refined three-dimensional geological model constructed from borehole data, combined with mesh optimization and FDEM (Finite-Discrete Element Method) numerical simulations, precise delineation of rock burst hazard zones was achieved. These findings provide theoretical foundations and technical paradigms for safe mining operations in coal pillar area as under similar complex geological conditions, contributing to the sustainable development of coal resources through enhanced safety, extended mine service life, and optimized resource utilization.