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Yinsheng Li
School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

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Journal article
Published: 03 August 2021 in Science of The Total Environment
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Arsenate (AsV) is a ubiquitous contaminant in soil as a result of excessive use of veterinary drugs and pesticides, causing enormous environmental risks. Multiple biomarkers have been used to assess the ecotoxicity of arsenic, however, the mechanisms of toxicity remain unclear. This paper describes the exposure of the earthworm (Eisenia fetida) to natural soil with different AsV concentrations for 28 days, then biomarkers from oxidative stress and burrowing behavior were quantified to evaluate AsV stress. Dynamic changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (MDA), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content and antioxidant enzymes activity (Gpx, SOD, CAT) implied two stages of intensified stress responses and physiological adaptability. The transcriptional expression and regulation of antioxidant enzymes showed different responses. The mRNA expression of sod1 was up-regulated, while that of cat showed no significant change. The related regulators, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), showed dose-dependent activation, suggesting antioxidant defense induced by Nrf2 signaling. The burrowing behavior after 14-day exposure indicated that AsV inhibited burrowing activity, especially the burrow length and maximum burrow depth. These multiple biomarkers were integrated using a biomarker response index (BRI) model, which showed significant dose-effect relationship especially on day 28, and suggested that ATP was a sensitive and representative biomarker. This study provided evidence that burrowing activity, Nrf2 and HO-1 were useful biomarkers warranting inclusion into the BRI model. Arsenic toxicity was comprehensively understood through redox homeostasis regulation, biochemical and behavioral changes, and these results suggested new strategies for soil pollutants diagnosis.

ACS Style

Songge Deng; Yizhao Wu; Hanqi Duan; Jo-Anne E. Cavanagh; Xiuhong Wang; Jiangping Qiu; Yinsheng Li. Toxicity assessment of earthworm exposed to arsenate using oxidative stress and burrowing behavior responses and an integrated biomarker index. Science of The Total Environment 2021, 800, 149479 .

AMA Style

Songge Deng, Yizhao Wu, Hanqi Duan, Jo-Anne E. Cavanagh, Xiuhong Wang, Jiangping Qiu, Yinsheng Li. Toxicity assessment of earthworm exposed to arsenate using oxidative stress and burrowing behavior responses and an integrated biomarker index. Science of The Total Environment. 2021; 800 ():149479.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Songge Deng; Yizhao Wu; Hanqi Duan; Jo-Anne E. Cavanagh; Xiuhong Wang; Jiangping Qiu; Yinsheng Li. 2021. "Toxicity assessment of earthworm exposed to arsenate using oxidative stress and burrowing behavior responses and an integrated biomarker index." Science of The Total Environment 800, no. : 149479.

Miscellaneous
Published: 05 January 2021 in Pedosphere
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ACS Style

Yinsheng Li; Zhenjun Sun; Feng Hu; Kevin R. Butt; JoAnn K. Whalen. Earthworms in soil ecology and organic waste management. Pedosphere 2021, 31, 373 -374.

AMA Style

Yinsheng Li, Zhenjun Sun, Feng Hu, Kevin R. Butt, JoAnn K. Whalen. Earthworms in soil ecology and organic waste management. Pedosphere. 2021; 31 (3):373-374.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yinsheng Li; Zhenjun Sun; Feng Hu; Kevin R. Butt; JoAnn K. Whalen. 2021. "Earthworms in soil ecology and organic waste management." Pedosphere 31, no. 3: 373-374.

Journal article
Published: 05 January 2021 in Pedosphere
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Soil arsenic (As) pollution from mining and industrial sources is a serious issue in China. Earthworms are considered ecosystem engineers and contribute to soil fertility development and maintenance of soil physico-chemical properties. In this study, earthworms were exposed to soils with different sodium arsenite concentrations (0, 5, 20, and 80 mg As kg-1) for 60 d to investigate the changes in soil properties and the responses of the earthworms (e.g., burrowing activity and respiration). Earthworm burrowing activity decreased with increasing arsenite concentrations, and earthworm respiration was significantly lower in soils with 20 and 80 mg As kg-1 compared to 0 mg As kg-1. Changes in soil properties were also observed after incubation of As-amended soil with earthworms. Specifically, soil pH decreased, while soil electrical conductivity and contents of soil NO3– -N, Olsen-P, and available K increased. Our results suggest that arsenite negatively impacts the metabolic activity of earthworms, leading to reduced burrowing activity, which in turn modifies the effects of earthworms on soil fertility and remediation.

ACS Style

Yali Wang; Yizhao Wu; Jo Cavanagh; Xiuhong Wang; Jiangping Qiu; Yinsheng Li. Behavior and respiration responses of the earthworm Eisenia fetida to soil arsenite pollution. Pedosphere 2021, 31, 452 -459.

AMA Style

Yali Wang, Yizhao Wu, Jo Cavanagh, Xiuhong Wang, Jiangping Qiu, Yinsheng Li. Behavior and respiration responses of the earthworm Eisenia fetida to soil arsenite pollution. Pedosphere. 2021; 31 (3):452-459.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yali Wang; Yizhao Wu; Jo Cavanagh; Xiuhong Wang; Jiangping Qiu; Yinsheng Li. 2021. "Behavior and respiration responses of the earthworm Eisenia fetida to soil arsenite pollution." Pedosphere 31, no. 3: 452-459.

Editorial
Published: 25 June 2020 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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The guest editors wish to thank Philippe Garrigues, editor-in-chief of the Environmental Science and Pollution Research, as well as Florence Delavaud and Fanny Creusot for their advice and support during the preparation of this special issue. We also thank the anonymous reviewers for their useful and timely comments on the papers submitted to this issue. School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800, Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China Yinsheng Li Subdepartment of Quantitative Ecology, Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University, Osijek Cara Hadrijana 8A, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia Branimir Hackenberger You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Correspondence to Yinsheng Li. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Responsible Editor: Philippe Garrigues Reprints and Permissions Li, Y., Hackenberger, B. Earthworms and environment: a tool for diagnosis, assessment, monitoring, and remediation of soil pollution and soil quality. Environ Sci Pollut Res (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09532-3 Download citation Published: 25 June 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09532-3

ACS Style

Yinsheng Li; Branimir Hackenberger. Earthworms and environment: a tool for diagnosis, assessment, monitoring, and remediation of soil pollution and soil quality. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 27, 33399 -33400.

AMA Style

Yinsheng Li, Branimir Hackenberger. Earthworms and environment: a tool for diagnosis, assessment, monitoring, and remediation of soil pollution and soil quality. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 27 (27):33399-33400.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yinsheng Li; Branimir Hackenberger. 2020. "Earthworms and environment: a tool for diagnosis, assessment, monitoring, and remediation of soil pollution and soil quality." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 27: 33399-33400.

Research article
Published: 10 January 2020 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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Vermicomposting is the process of composting using worms and is applied in waste management to produce high-quality organic fertilizer. Garden waste (GW) is often mixed with other raw materials for vermicomposting. In the present study, the feasibility of vermicomposting using only GW was investigated in comparison with cow dung (CD). The total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and total potassium (TK) contents and the electrical conductivity increased, while total organic carbon (TOC) and the C/N ratio decreased in both substrates after vermicomposting. The nutrient content (TN, TP, and TK) of the GW vermicompost was promoted less than that in CD. Scanning electron microscopy images and specific surface area analysis showed that the vermicompost was strongly disaggregated and became more compacted and fragmented compared with the raw substrates. No mortality of earthworms was observed in GW; however, the earthworms had a higher mean body weight and reproduction rate in CD than that in GW. There were higher bacterial community richness and diversity in the vermicompost than that in the raw materials, and the dominant phylum species were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Redundancy analysis demonstrated that TN, C/N ratio, and TOC play an important role in bacterial community dynamics. These data indicate that vermicomposting is a robust process that is suitable for the management of GW.

ACS Style

Yingkai Li; Xiaolei Yang; Wen Gao; Jiangping Qiu; Yinsheng Li. Comparative study of vermicomposting of garden waste and cow dung using Eisenia fetida. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 27, 9646 -9657.

AMA Style

Yingkai Li, Xiaolei Yang, Wen Gao, Jiangping Qiu, Yinsheng Li. Comparative study of vermicomposting of garden waste and cow dung using Eisenia fetida. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 27 (9):9646-9657.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yingkai Li; Xiaolei Yang; Wen Gao; Jiangping Qiu; Yinsheng Li. 2020. "Comparative study of vermicomposting of garden waste and cow dung using Eisenia fetida." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 9: 9646-9657.

Journal article
Published: 05 December 2019 in Molecules
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Lincomycin, monensin, and roxarsone are commonly used veterinary drugs. This study investigated their behaviours in different soils and their toxic effects on environmental organisms. Sorption and mobility analyses were performed to detect the migration capacity of drugs in soils. Toxic effects were evaluated by inhibition or acute toxicity tests on six organism species: algae, plants, daphnia, fish, earthworms and quails. The log Kd values (Freundlich model) of drugs were: lincomycin in laterite soil was 1.82; monensin in laterite soil was 2.76; and roxarsone in black soil was 1.29. The Rf value of lincomycin, roxarsone, monensin were 0.4995, 0.4493 and 0.8348 in laterite soil, and 0.5258, 0.5835 and 0.8033 in black soil, respectively. The EC50 for Scenedesmus obliquus, Arabidopsis thaliana, Daphnia magna and LC50/LD50 for Eisenia fetida, Danio rerio, and Coturnix coturnix were: 13.15 mg/L,32.18 mg/kg dry soil,292.6 mg/L,452.7 mg/L,5.74 g/kg dry soil and 103.9 mg/kg (roxarsone); 1.085 mg/L, 400 mg/L, >2800 mg/L, >15 g/kg dry soil, >2000 mg/kg (lincomycin). These results showed that the environmental effects of veterinary drug residues should not be neglected, due to their mobility in environmental media and potential toxic effects on environmental organisms.

ACS Style

Peiyi Li; Yizhao Wu; Yali Wang; Jiangping Qiu; Yinsheng Li; Li. Soil Behaviour of the Veterinary Drugs Lincomycin, Monensin, and Roxarsone and Their Toxicity on Environmental Organisms. Molecules 2019, 24, 4465 .

AMA Style

Peiyi Li, Yizhao Wu, Yali Wang, Jiangping Qiu, Yinsheng Li, Li. Soil Behaviour of the Veterinary Drugs Lincomycin, Monensin, and Roxarsone and Their Toxicity on Environmental Organisms. Molecules. 2019; 24 (24):4465.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peiyi Li; Yizhao Wu; Yali Wang; Jiangping Qiu; Yinsheng Li; Li. 2019. "Soil Behaviour of the Veterinary Drugs Lincomycin, Monensin, and Roxarsone and Their Toxicity on Environmental Organisms." Molecules 24, no. 24: 4465.

Journal article
Published: 25 August 2019 in Revue des composites et des matériaux avancés
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Xiaomeng Wang; Xudong Li; Jiangping Qiu; Yinsheng Li. Microbial Communities on Different Packing Media in Biofilter. Revue des composites et des matériaux avancés 2019, 29, 165 -169.

AMA Style

Xiaomeng Wang, Xudong Li, Jiangping Qiu, Yinsheng Li. Microbial Communities on Different Packing Media in Biofilter. Revue des composites et des matériaux avancés. 2019; 29 (3):165-169.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaomeng Wang; Xudong Li; Jiangping Qiu; Yinsheng Li. 2019. "Microbial Communities on Different Packing Media in Biofilter." Revue des composites et des matériaux avancés 29, no. 3: 165-169.

Short communication
Published: 12 August 2018 in Geoderma
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Arsenic (As) is a widely distributed contaminant in soil and is toxic to plants, animals and humans. Many studies have explored the effects of As on various physiological and biochemical processes in soil fauna. However, there is no report on the effect of sodium arsenite on the behavior of soil fauna such as earthworms. In this study, two earthworm species, Metaphire californica and Eisenia fetida, were exposed to sodium arsenite in farm soils at concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg As kg−1 soil for 7 days to investigate the effect on burrowing behavior. Earthworm burrowing behavior responded significantly to both arsenite concentration and exposure time. Both species displayed an initially similar burrowing rate in farm soil with no added As. With added As, M. californica displayed an ‘escape response’ of increased burrowing activity while E. fetida displayed an ‘exposure avoidance’ response of decreased burrowing activity and increased burrow reuse. Data are consistent with an early, concentration dependent sensory response, followed by addition of a physiological response component as As bioaccumulates in earthworm tissues with time. Any bioassay using earthworms to detect As contamination would need to be designed with awareness of the complex behavioral response.

ACS Style

Yali Wang; Hao Tang; Cory Matthew; Jiangping Qiu; Yinsheng Li. Sodium arsenite modified burrowing behavior of earthworm species Metaphire californica and Eisenia fetida in a farm soil. Geoderma 2018, 335, 88 -93.

AMA Style

Yali Wang, Hao Tang, Cory Matthew, Jiangping Qiu, Yinsheng Li. Sodium arsenite modified burrowing behavior of earthworm species Metaphire californica and Eisenia fetida in a farm soil. Geoderma. 2018; 335 ():88-93.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yali Wang; Hao Tang; Cory Matthew; Jiangping Qiu; Yinsheng Li. 2018. "Sodium arsenite modified burrowing behavior of earthworm species Metaphire californica and Eisenia fetida in a farm soil." Geoderma 335, no. : 88-93.

Original article
Published: 14 April 2018 in Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics
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Enrofloxacin (EF) is a widely used fluoroquinolone, usually regarded as a safe and effective treatment for bacterial infections. Adverse effects of EF have previously been demonstrated in some species, but so far there have been no studies looking specifically at the impact of EF on pigs. In this study, three different doses of EF (5, 25 and 125 mg kg bw−1) were administrated to Bama pigs. The results showed that lipid peroxidation of pig liver tissue occurred with all EF doses. The 125 mg kg dose of EF induced catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐px) and increased CYP450 content in pig liver microsomes. The activity of microsomal NADPH‐cytochrome C reductase (NCCR) was elevated at both the 25 and 125 mg kg doses of EF. Microsomal erythromycin N‐demethylase (ERND) and aminopyrin N‐demethylase (AND) were inhibited by high doses of EF, while aniline‐4‐hydroxylase (AH) was unaffected. None of the EF treatments affected superoxide dismutase (SOD) or cytochrome b5 content. Antioxidases and microsomal enzymes may work together to resist the adverse effects of EF. Proteomic analysis revealed increased protein expression of carboxylesterase (CES) and alpha‐enolase (ENO1) in microsomes as a stress response to EF. These results provide new information about the adverse effect of fluoroquinolones and help guide their usage more effectively in the clinic or animal breeding.

ACS Style

Y. Li; Y. Mou; Michelle Thunders; Y. Wu; X. Ai; X. Zhou; J. Qiu. Effects of enrofloxacin on antioxidant system, microsomal enzymatic activity, and proteomics in porcine liver. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2018, 41, 562 -571.

AMA Style

Y. Li, Y. Mou, Michelle Thunders, Y. Wu, X. Ai, X. Zhou, J. Qiu. Effects of enrofloxacin on antioxidant system, microsomal enzymatic activity, and proteomics in porcine liver. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2018; 41 (4):562-571.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Y. Li; Y. Mou; Michelle Thunders; Y. Wu; X. Ai; X. Zhou; J. Qiu. 2018. "Effects of enrofloxacin on antioxidant system, microsomal enzymatic activity, and proteomics in porcine liver." Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 41, no. 4: 562-571.

Journal article
Published: 11 April 2018 in Sustainability
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Technosols made by covering agricultural soils with coastal sediments need additional organic matter (OM) to be suitable for agricultural use. Climate change will likely increase the frequency and intensity of droughts in several areas. The choice of the nature and quantity of OM to add depends on dose-response curves for soil quality. This study quantifies the influence of three contrasting organic materials (vermicompost (VF), green waste compost (GWC) and dairy manure (DM)) on four soil properties: soil organic carbon, evaporation rate, bulk density and structural stability. Soil was sampled in April and May 2014 in an artificial crop field of the vegetable production basin of Mont Saint-Michel (France) made with sediments from the bay of Mont Saint-Michel in 2013. Increasing the dose of OM increased soil organic carbon from 10 to 45 g C kg−1 dry soil and increased the porosity and the structural stability, thus decreasing compaction. Increasing the dose of OM also decreased the evaporation rate. VF and DM had similar effects, while those of GWC were weaker. Compared to DM, VF had greater biological stability. Therefore, high OM inputs along with soil decompaction can increase drought resistance by increasing rooting depth and water retention.

ACS Style

Paul Robin; Camille Morel; Franck Vial; Brigitte Landrain; Aurore Toudic; Yinsheng Li; Nouraya Akkal-Corfini. Effect of Three Types of Exogenous Organic Carbon on Soil Organic Matter and Physical Properties of a Sandy Technosol. Sustainability 2018, 10, 1146 .

AMA Style

Paul Robin, Camille Morel, Franck Vial, Brigitte Landrain, Aurore Toudic, Yinsheng Li, Nouraya Akkal-Corfini. Effect of Three Types of Exogenous Organic Carbon on Soil Organic Matter and Physical Properties of a Sandy Technosol. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (4):1146.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paul Robin; Camille Morel; Franck Vial; Brigitte Landrain; Aurore Toudic; Yinsheng Li; Nouraya Akkal-Corfini. 2018. "Effect of Three Types of Exogenous Organic Carbon on Soil Organic Matter and Physical Properties of a Sandy Technosol." Sustainability 10, no. 4: 1146.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2018 in Research in Veterinary Science
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Enrofloxacin (ENR) and roxarsone (ROX) have been widely used in animal breeding. In this study, the daily clinical dosage of ENR and daily additive amount of ROX were administrated to Bama pigs. After 5days, the activity and protein expression of three important enzymes in the cytochrome P450 family were measured in the porcine liver. CYP1A2 was induced by both ENR and ROX independently. CYP2E1 and CYP3A4 were inhibited by ENR, but not affected by ROX. The combined administration of ENR and ROX were antagonistic to CYP1A2 and CYP2E1, but not to CYP3A4. Drug-drug interactions should be considered during the administration of ENR, ROX and for their co-administration with other drugs to minimize adverse reactions.

ACS Style

Yinsheng Li; Meilin Jiang; Michelle Thunders; Xiaojie Ai; Jiangping Qiu. Effect of enrofloxacin and roxarsone on CYP450s in pig. Research in Veterinary Science 2018, 117, 97 -98.

AMA Style

Yinsheng Li, Meilin Jiang, Michelle Thunders, Xiaojie Ai, Jiangping Qiu. Effect of enrofloxacin and roxarsone on CYP450s in pig. Research in Veterinary Science. 2018; 117 ():97-98.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yinsheng Li; Meilin Jiang; Michelle Thunders; Xiaojie Ai; Jiangping Qiu. 2018. "Effect of enrofloxacin and roxarsone on CYP450s in pig." Research in Veterinary Science 117, no. : 97-98.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2018 in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes are a family of hemoproteins primarily responsible for detoxification functions. Earthworms have been used as a bioindicator of soil pollution in numerous studies, but no CYP450 gene has so far been cloned. RT-PCR and RACE-PCR were employed to construct and sequence the CYP450 gene DNA from the extracted mRNA in the earthworm Eisenia fetida. The cloned gene (EW1) has an open reading frame of 477 bp. The 3′-terminal region contained both the consensus and the signature sequences characteristic of CYP450. It was closely related to the CYP450 gene from the flatworm genus Opisthorchis felineus with 87% homology. The predicted structure of the putative protein was 97% homologous to human CYP450 family 27. This gene has been deposited in GenBank (accession no. KM881474). Earthworms (E. fetida) were then exposed to 1, 10, 100, and 500 mg kg−1 enrofloxacin in soils to explore the mRNA expression by real time qPCR. The effect of enrofloxacin on mRNA expression levels of EW1 exhibited a marked hormesis pattern across the enrofloxacin dose range tested. This is believed to be the first reported CYP450 gene in earthworms, with reference value for molecular studies on detoxification processes in earthworms.

ACS Style

Yinsheng Li; Chun Zhao; Xiaoxu Lu; Xiaojie Ai; Jiangping Qiu. Identification of a cytochrome P450 gene in the earthworm Eisenia fetida and its mRNA expression under enrofloxacin stress. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2018, 150, 70 -75.

AMA Style

Yinsheng Li, Chun Zhao, Xiaoxu Lu, Xiaojie Ai, Jiangping Qiu. Identification of a cytochrome P450 gene in the earthworm Eisenia fetida and its mRNA expression under enrofloxacin stress. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2018; 150 ():70-75.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yinsheng Li; Chun Zhao; Xiaoxu Lu; Xiaojie Ai; Jiangping Qiu. 2018. "Identification of a cytochrome P450 gene in the earthworm Eisenia fetida and its mRNA expression under enrofloxacin stress." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 150, no. : 70-75.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2018 in Science of The Total Environment
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The environmental and human health risks of veterinary drugs are becoming public health issues. Enrofloxacin (EF) is an extensively used animal-specific antibacterial agent that leaves drug residues in the environment. This study investigated the proteomic response of the earthworm Eisenia fetida to EF exposure. Earthworms were exposed to EF in soil at 1-500mg·kg, and samples were collected at intervals during a 28 day period. The extracted proteins were separated by two dimensional electrophoresis to detect differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in EF-exposed earthworms. In total, 35 unique DEPs were found. These proteins were subjected to MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS analysis and identified through comparison of their mass spectra with those in protein databases. The DEPs were grouped on the basis of their function, into metabolism, stress-related, transport, transcription, and predicted/hypothetical protein categories. Knowledge of proteins that are induced or repressed by EF in earthworms could provide insight into mechanisms of sub-clinical physiological effects of xenobiotic residues in the environment, and may also help understand synergy between pollutants. As several DEPs in E. fetida showed similarity to human protein sequences, E. fetida has potential as an indicator species to assess the environmental and biological risks of drug residues.

ACS Style

Xiaoxu Lu; Yinsheng Li; Michelle Thunders; Cory Matthew; Xiuhong Wang; Xiaojie Ai; Xinchu Zhou; Jiangping Qiu. Effect of enrofloxacin on the proteome of earthworms. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 616-617, 531 -542.

AMA Style

Xiaoxu Lu, Yinsheng Li, Michelle Thunders, Cory Matthew, Xiuhong Wang, Xiaojie Ai, Xinchu Zhou, Jiangping Qiu. Effect of enrofloxacin on the proteome of earthworms. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 616-617 ():531-542.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaoxu Lu; Yinsheng Li; Michelle Thunders; Cory Matthew; Xiuhong Wang; Xiaojie Ai; Xinchu Zhou; Jiangping Qiu. 2018. "Effect of enrofloxacin on the proteome of earthworms." Science of The Total Environment 616-617, no. : 531-542.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2018 in Soil Biology and Biochemistry
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Yali Wang; Yizhao Wu; Jo Cavanagh; Ayizekeranmu Yiming; Xiuhong Wang; Wen Gao; Cory Matthew; Jiangping Qiu; Yinsheng Li. Toxicity of arsenite to earthworms and subsequent effects on soil properties. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 2018, 117, 36 -47.

AMA Style

Yali Wang, Yizhao Wu, Jo Cavanagh, Ayizekeranmu Yiming, Xiuhong Wang, Wen Gao, Cory Matthew, Jiangping Qiu, Yinsheng Li. Toxicity of arsenite to earthworms and subsequent effects on soil properties. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 2018; 117 ():36-47.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yali Wang; Yizhao Wu; Jo Cavanagh; Ayizekeranmu Yiming; Xiuhong Wang; Wen Gao; Cory Matthew; Jiangping Qiu; Yinsheng Li. 2018. "Toxicity of arsenite to earthworms and subsequent effects on soil properties." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 117, no. : 36-47.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2017 in Chemosphere
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Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) is a hemoprotein superfamily, among which CYP1, CYP2 and CYP3 play a major role in the metabolism of vast array of xenobiotics and endobiotics. This paper reports on three CYP enzyme variants (CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4) in three species of earthworm (Eisenia fetida, Metaphire guillelmi and Amynthas carnosus). The relative expression levels and localization of the three associated proteins were investigated at three life-cycle points (juvenile, sub-adult and adult), through comparison of anterior and posterior body tissue and between specific organs (body wall, intestine and reproductive tissues) using western blot analysis. This study confirmed the presence of CYP3A4, CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 in all three species of earthworm tested. The levels of expression varied with earthworm species, age, and body location. These differences in occurrence of the three CYP enzymes appeared to reflect the ecological niche (the spatial and temporal location and functional relationship of each individual or population in populations or communities), and the likelihood of contact with soil contaminants of the respective species. These results may help to explain why earthworms are capable of adapting to very different and extensively polluted soil environments and provide important data for subsequent ecotoxicology and ecological adaptability studies.

ACS Style

Xiaoxu Lu; Yinsheng Li; Michelle Thunders; Jo Cavanagh; Cory Matthew; Xiuhong Wang; Xinchu Zhou; Jiangping Qiu. Differential protein expression and localization of CYP450 enzymes in three species of earthworm; is this a reflection of environmental adaptation? Chemosphere 2017, 171, 485 -490.

AMA Style

Xiaoxu Lu, Yinsheng Li, Michelle Thunders, Jo Cavanagh, Cory Matthew, Xiuhong Wang, Xinchu Zhou, Jiangping Qiu. Differential protein expression and localization of CYP450 enzymes in three species of earthworm; is this a reflection of environmental adaptation? Chemosphere. 2017; 171 ():485-490.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaoxu Lu; Yinsheng Li; Michelle Thunders; Jo Cavanagh; Cory Matthew; Xiuhong Wang; Xinchu Zhou; Jiangping Qiu. 2017. "Differential protein expression and localization of CYP450 enzymes in three species of earthworm; is this a reflection of environmental adaptation?" Chemosphere 171, no. : 485-490.

Short report
Published: 27 February 2017 in Biological Research
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Earthworms are sensitive to toxic chemicals present in the soil and so are useful indicator organisms for soil health. Eisenia fetida are commonly used in ecotoxicological studies; therefore the assembly of a baseline transcriptome is important for subsequent analyses exploring the impact of toxin exposure on genome wide gene expression. This paper reports on the de novo transcriptome assembly of E. fetida using Trinity, a freely available software tool. Trinotate was used to carry out functional annotation of the Trinity generated transcriptome file and the transdecoder generated peptide sequence file along with BLASTX, BLASTP and HMMER searches and were loaded into a Sqlite3 database. To identify differentially expressed transcripts; each of the original sequence files were aligned to the de novo assembled transcriptome using Bowtie and then RSEM was used to estimate expression values based on the alignment. EdgeR was used to calculate differential expression between the two conditions, with an FDR corrected P value cut off of 0.001, this returned six significantly differentially expressed genes. Initial BLASTX hits of these putative genes included hits with annelid ferritin and lysozyme proteins, as well as fungal NADH cytochrome b5 reductase and senescence associated proteins. At a cut off of P = 0.01 there were a further 26 differentially expressed genes. These data have been made publicly available, and to our knowledge represent the most comprehensive available transcriptome for E. fetida assembled from RNA sequencing data. This provides important groundwork for subsequent ecotoxicogenomic studies exploring the impact of the environment on global gene expression in E. fetida and other earthworm species. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40659-017-0114-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

ACS Style

Michelle Thunders; Jo Cavanagh; Yinsheng Li. De novo transcriptome assembly, functional annotation and differential gene expression analysis of juvenile and adult E. fetida, a model oligochaete used in ecotoxicological studies. Biological Research 2017, 50, 7 .

AMA Style

Michelle Thunders, Jo Cavanagh, Yinsheng Li. De novo transcriptome assembly, functional annotation and differential gene expression analysis of juvenile and adult E. fetida, a model oligochaete used in ecotoxicological studies. Biological Research. 2017; 50 (1):7.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michelle Thunders; Jo Cavanagh; Yinsheng Li. 2017. "De novo transcriptome assembly, functional annotation and differential gene expression analysis of juvenile and adult E. fetida, a model oligochaete used in ecotoxicological studies." Biological Research 50, no. 1: 7.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2016 in Journal of Hazardous Materials
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Individual and combined effects of enrofloxacin (EF) and cadmium (Cd) on the earthworm Eisenia fetida at environmentally relevant concentrations were investigated. EF is a veterinary antibiotic; Cd is an impurity in phosphatic fertiliser. For both, residues may accumulate in farm soils. In laboratory tests, over 98% of spiked EF was adsorbed by farm soils, with a half-life >8 weeks. However, earthworms absorbed less than 20% of spiked EF. Earthworms in soil with EF concentration 10 mg kg−1 soil experienced transient oxidative stress and exhibited reduced burrowing activity and respiration after an 8-week exposure; EF at 0.1 and 1.0 mg kg−1 soil did not elicit toxicity symptoms. When both were added, Cd did not affect EF uptake, but each increment of spiked EF increased Cd bioaccumulation and associated oxidative stress of earthworms, and also caused decreased burrow length and CO2 production. However, metallothionein induction was not affected. The enhanced toxicity of Cd to earthworms in the presence of EF at low environmental concentrations may have implications for the health and reproductive success of earthworm populations and highlights the importance of understanding effects of antibiotic contamination of farm soils, and of awareness of environmental effects from interaction between multiple contaminants.

ACS Style

Yinsheng Li; Hao Tang; Yingxiu Hu; Xiuhong Wang; Xiaojie Ai; Li Tang; Cory Matthew; Jo Cavanagh; Jiangping Qiu. Enrofloxacin at environmentally relevant concentrations enhances uptake and toxicity of cadmium in the earthworm Eisenia fetida in farm soils. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2016, 308, 312 -320.

AMA Style

Yinsheng Li, Hao Tang, Yingxiu Hu, Xiuhong Wang, Xiaojie Ai, Li Tang, Cory Matthew, Jo Cavanagh, Jiangping Qiu. Enrofloxacin at environmentally relevant concentrations enhances uptake and toxicity of cadmium in the earthworm Eisenia fetida in farm soils. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2016; 308 ():312-320.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yinsheng Li; Hao Tang; Yingxiu Hu; Xiuhong Wang; Xiaojie Ai; Li Tang; Cory Matthew; Jo Cavanagh; Jiangping Qiu. 2016. "Enrofloxacin at environmentally relevant concentrations enhances uptake and toxicity of cadmium in the earthworm Eisenia fetida in farm soils." Journal of Hazardous Materials 308, no. : 312-320.

Journal article
Published: 02 January 2016 in Applied Soil Ecology
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Mercury (Hg) is a highly toxic metal that has multiple natural and anthropogenic sources. Many studies have explored the effects of Hg on various physiological and biochemical processes in soil animals. However, the effects of Hg on earthworm behavior and respiration are unknown. In this study, earthworms (Eisenia fetida) were exposed to Hg-spiked artificial soils prepared to OECD specification. An avoidance test was performed using soils with 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128 mg Hg2+ kg−1 dry soil,. The avoidance concentration of Hg to earthworms was 128 mg kg−1, as determined according to ISO guidelines. Soils with 0, 2, 8, 32, and 128 mg Hg2+ kg−1 dry soil were prepared to investigate the effects of Hg on the burrowing activity and respiration rate of earthworms. The cumulative burrow lengths of earthworms in 2D terraria were significantly shorter in soil containing Hg at concentrations of 8 mg kg−1 or higher, compared with those in the control (no Hg). However, the maximum burrowing depth was significantly decreased only in soil containing the highest concentration of Hg (128 mg kg−1). The respiration rates of earthworms were lower in all Hg treatments than in the control after 2 days and 7 days of exposure. This is the first report on the toxic effects of Hg on earthworm behavior and respiration. These results provide useful information for environmental monitoring and for assessment of Hg contamination in soils.

ACS Style

Hao Tang; Qianru Yan; Xiuhong Wang; Xiaojie Ai; Paul Robin; Cory Matthew; Jiangping Qiu; Xudong Li; Yinsheng Li. Earthworm (Eisenia fetida) behavioral and respiration responses to sublethal mercury concentrations in an artificial soil substrate. Applied Soil Ecology 2016, 104, 48 -53.

AMA Style

Hao Tang, Qianru Yan, Xiuhong Wang, Xiaojie Ai, Paul Robin, Cory Matthew, Jiangping Qiu, Xudong Li, Yinsheng Li. Earthworm (Eisenia fetida) behavioral and respiration responses to sublethal mercury concentrations in an artificial soil substrate. Applied Soil Ecology. 2016; 104 ():48-53.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hao Tang; Qianru Yan; Xiuhong Wang; Xiaojie Ai; Paul Robin; Cory Matthew; Jiangping Qiu; Xudong Li; Yinsheng Li. 2016. "Earthworm (Eisenia fetida) behavioral and respiration responses to sublethal mercury concentrations in an artificial soil substrate." Applied Soil Ecology 104, no. : 48-53.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2015 in Ecological Engineering
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ACS Style

Yinsheng Li; Feifei Zhang; Xiaojie Ai; Xiuhong Wang; Paul Robin; Jo Cavanagh; Cory Matthew; Jiangping Qiu. Antioxidant and behavior responses of earthworms after introduction to a simulated vermifilter environment. Ecological Engineering 2015, 81, 218 -227.

AMA Style

Yinsheng Li, Feifei Zhang, Xiaojie Ai, Xiuhong Wang, Paul Robin, Jo Cavanagh, Cory Matthew, Jiangping Qiu. Antioxidant and behavior responses of earthworms after introduction to a simulated vermifilter environment. Ecological Engineering. 2015; 81 ():218-227.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yinsheng Li; Feifei Zhang; Xiaojie Ai; Xiuhong Wang; Paul Robin; Jo Cavanagh; Cory Matthew; Jiangping Qiu. 2015. "Antioxidant and behavior responses of earthworms after introduction to a simulated vermifilter environment." Ecological Engineering 81, no. : 218-227.

Retracted publication
Published: 18 June 2015 in BioMed Research International
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Large volumes of untreated palm oil mill effluent (POME) pose threat to aquatic environment due to the presence of very high organic content. The present investigation involved two pilot-scale anaerobic expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactors, continuously operated for 1 year to treat POME. Setting HRT at 9.8 d, the anaerobic EGSB reactors reduced COD from 71179 mg/L to 12341 mg/L and recycled half of sludge by a dissolved air flotation (DAF). The average effluent COD was 3587 mg/L with the consistent COD removal efficiency of 94.89%. Adding cationic polymer (PAM) dose of 30 mg/L to DAF unit and recycling its half of sludge caused granulation of anaerobic sludge. Bacilli and small coccid bacteria were the dominant microbial species of the reactor. The reactor produced 27.65 m(3) of biogas per m(3) of POME which was utilized for electricity generation.

ACS Style

Jin Wang; Qaisar Mahmood; Jiang-Ping Qiu; Yin-Sheng Li; Yoon-Seong Chang; Xu-Dong Li. Anaerobic Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent in Pilot-Scale Anaerobic EGSB Reactor. BioMed Research International 2015, 2015, 398028 -7.

AMA Style

Jin Wang, Qaisar Mahmood, Jiang-Ping Qiu, Yin-Sheng Li, Yoon-Seong Chang, Xu-Dong Li. Anaerobic Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent in Pilot-Scale Anaerobic EGSB Reactor. BioMed Research International. 2015; 2015 ():398028-7.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jin Wang; Qaisar Mahmood; Jiang-Ping Qiu; Yin-Sheng Li; Yoon-Seong Chang; Xu-Dong Li. 2015. "Anaerobic Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent in Pilot-Scale Anaerobic EGSB Reactor." BioMed Research International 2015, no. : 398028-7.