This study is an assessment of the impact of acquisition times on SUV with [18F]FDG-PET/CT on healthy livers (reference organ with stable uptake over time) and on tumors. One hundred six [18F]FDG-PET/CT were acquired in list mode over a single-bed position (livers (n = 48) or on tumors (n = 58)). Six independent datasets of different durations were reconstructed (from 1.5 to 10 min). SUVmax (hottest voxel), SUVpeak (maximum average SUV within a 1-cm3 spherical volume), and SUVaverage were measured within a 3-cm-diameter volume of interest (VOI) in the right lobe of the liver. For [18F]FDG avid tumors (SUVmax ≥ 5), the SUVmax, SUVpeak, and SUV41% (isocontour threshold method) were computed. For tumors, SUVpeak values did not vary with acquisition time. SUVmax displayed significant differences between 1.5- and 5–10-min reconstruction times. SUV41% was the most time-dependent parameter. For the liver, the SUVaverage was the sole parameter that did not vary over time. For [18F]FDG avid tumors, with short acquisition times, i.e., with new generations of PET systems, the SUVpeak may be more robust than the SUVmax. The SUVaverage over a 3-cm-diameter VOI in the right lobe of the liver appears to be a good method for a robust and reproducible assessment of the hepatic metabolism.

Due to their nanometric scale (50 nm) along with their biomimetic properties, lipid nanocapsules loaded with Rhenium-188 (LNC¹⁸⁸Re-SSS) constitute a promising radiopharmaceutical carrier for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment as its size may improve tumor penetration in comparison with microspheres devices. This study was conducted to confirm the feasibility and to assess the efficacy of internal radiation with LNC¹⁸⁸Re-SSS in a chemically induced hepatocellular carcinoma rat model. Animals were treated with an injection of LNC¹⁸⁸Re-SSS (80 MBq or 120 MBq). The treated animals (80 MBq, n = 12; 120 MBq, n = 11) were compared with sham (n = 12), blank LNC (n = 7) and ¹⁸⁸Re-perrhenate (n = 4) animals. The evaluation criteria included rat survival, tumor volume assessment, and vascular endothelial growth factor quantification. Following treatment with LNC¹⁸⁸Re-SSS (80 MBq) therapeutic efficiency was demonstrated by an increase in the median survival from 54 to 107% compared with control groups with up to 7 long-term survivors in the LNC¹⁸⁸Re-SSS group. Decreased vascular endothelial growth factor expression in the treated rats could indicate alterations in the angiogenesis process. Overall, these results demonstrate that internal radiation with LNC¹⁸⁸Re-SSS is a promising new strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment.

(1) Background: triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a clinical and therapeutic challenge primarily affecting young women with poor prognosis. TNBC is currently treated as a single entity but presents a very diverse profile in terms of prognosis and response to treatment. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose ([¹⁸F]FDG) is gaining importance for the staging of breast cancers. TNBCs often show high [¹⁸F]FDG uptake and some studies have suggested a prognostic value for metabolic and volumetric parameters, but no study to our knowledge has examined textural features in TNBC. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between metabolic, volumetric and textural parameters measured at the initial [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT and disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with nonmetastatic TBNC. (2) Methods: all consecutive nonmetastatic TNBC patients who underwent a [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT examination upon diagnosis between 2012 and 2018 were retrospectively included. The metabolic and volumetric parameters (SUV_max, SUV_mean, SUV_peak, MTV, and TLG) and the textural features (entropy, homogeneity, SRE, LRE, LGZE, and HGZE) of the primary tumor were collected. (3) Results: 111 patients were enrolled (median follow-up: 53.6 months). In the univariate analysis, high TLG, MTV and entropy values of the primary tumor were associated with lower DFS (p = 0.008, p = 0.006 and p = 0.025, respectively) and lower OS (p = 0.002, p = 0.001 and p = 0.046, respectively). The discriminating thresholds for two-year DFS were calculated as 7.5 for MTV, 55.8 for TLG and 2.6 for entropy. The discriminating thresholds for two-year OS were calculated as 9.3 for MTV, 57.4 for TLG and 2.67 for entropy. In the multivariate analysis, lymph node involvement in PET/CT was associated with lower DFS (p = 0.036), and the high MTV of the primary tumor was correlated with lower OS (p = 0.014). (4) Conclusions: textural features associated with metabolic and volumetric parameters of baseline [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT have a prognostic value for identifying high-relapse-risk groups in early TNBC patients.