With the development of straw baling mechanization technology, straw is stored in the form of square baling or round baling. At present, hammer mill or the guilt-cutting and rubbing combined mill is widely used to crush square bales of straw. These two kinds of crushing equipment have disadvantages such as low productivity, large power consumption, and poor crushing effect. This paper aims to study and analyze the crushing characteristics of square baled straw after unbaling, and lay a theoretical foundation for the later research and development of a special square baled straw crusher with high productivity, low power consumption, good crushing effect, and the simulation of the square baled corn straw crushing process. For this purpose, this study carried out a corn bale crushing experiment on the Instron 8801 fatigue test machine, and studied the effects of blade angle, water content and loading speed on corn bale crushing force through the response surface method. Test results showed that the crushing process includes the compression stage and shearing stage; in terms of single factor effect, with the increase in water content and blade angle, the crushing force of the corn bale increased, but the loading speed had no significant effect on the crushing force of the corn bale. In terms of interaction effect, there was interaction effect between moisture content and blade inclination angle, when moisture content was 10%, with the increase in blade inclination angle, the incremental speed of the crushing force also increased gradually. When the blade inclination angle was 10°, with the increase in moisture content, the incremental speed of the crushing force also increased, and the interaction effect of them jointly acted on the crushing force of the corn bales.

Aiming at the problems of high-power consumption and insufficient kneading and cutting of roughage in the total mixed ration mixer. In this paper, licorice stems were taken as experimental objects, the horizontal twin-shaft TMR mixer was used to carry out the experimental study. It should be as brief as possible and concise. Through the kneading and cutting process power analysis, determine the influencing factors of kneading and cutting power consumption. The auger speed, processing time and blade type were taken as experimental factors, with standard straw length rate and power consumption as indicators, Box–Behnken test with three factors and three levels was carried out, analysis of variance was performed on the test results, the results show that the significant effect of each factor on the standard grass length is processing time, blade type and auger speed in descending order. The significance of the influence on power consumption from large to small is auger speed, processing time and blade type. The response surface analysis and parameter optimization were carried out, the results show that the auger speed is 20 r/min, the processing time is 29 min, and the blade type is quincunx blade. At this time, the standard straw length was 82.634%; Power consumption 4525.815 kJ, TMR mixer performance reached the best. The results can provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent research and development of TMR mixer.

Efficient furrow fertilization is extremely critical for fertilizer utilization, fruit yield, and fruit quality. The precise determination of trench quality necessitates the accurate measurement of its characteristic parameters, including its shape and three-dimensional structure. Some existing algorithms are limited to detecting only the furrow depth while precluding the tridimensional reconstruction of the trench shape. In this study, a novel method was proposed for three-dimensional trench shape reconstruction and its parameter detection. Initially, a low-cost multi-source data acquisition system with the 3D data construction method of the trench was developed to address the shortcomings of single-sensor and manual measurement methods in trench reconstruction. Subsequently, the analysis of the original point cloud clarified the “coarse-fine” two-stage point cloud filtering process, and then a point cloud preprocessing method was proposed based on ROI region extraction and discrete point filtering. Furthermore, by analyzing the characteristics of the point cloud, a random point preselection condition based on the variance threshold was designed to optimize the extraction method of furrow side ground based on RANSAC. Finally, a method was established for extracting key characteristic parameters of the trench and trench reconstruction based on the fitted ground model of the trench side. Experimental results demonstrated that the point cloud pretreatment method could eliminate 83.8% of invalid point clouds and reduce the influence of noise points on the reconstruction accuracy. Compared with the adverse phenomena of fitting ground incline and height deviation of the original algorithm results, the ground height fitted by the improved ditch surface extraction algorithm was closer to the real ground, and the identification accuracy of inner points of the ground point cloud was higher than that of the former. The error range, mean value error, standard deviation error, and stability coefficient error of the calculated ditch width were 0 ~ 5.965%, 0.002 m, 0.011 m, and 0.37%, respectively. The above parameters of the calculated depth were 0 ~ 4.54%, 0.003 m, 0.017 m, and 0.47%, respectively. The results of this research can provide support for the comprehensive evaluation of the quality of the ditching operation, the optimization of the structure of the soil touching part, and the real-time control of operation parameters.