Cardiovascular disease, especially coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease, is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in women globally. The development of cardiometabolic conditions in pregnancy, such as gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, portend an increased risk of future cardiovascular disease in women. Pregnancy therefore represents a unique opportunity to detect and manage risk factors, prior to the development of cardiovascular sequelae. Risk prediction models for gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy can help identify at-risk women in early pregnancy, allowing timely intervention to mitigate both short- and long-term adverse outcomes. In this narrative review, we outline the shared pathophysiological pathways for gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, summarise contemporary risk prediction models and candidate predictors for these conditions, and discuss the utility of these models in clinical application.

The rising global prevalence of obesity and diabetes, especially in youth, confers substantial metabolic consequences and increased mortality in affected individuals. While obesity is strongly tied to the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, emerging evidence shows that obesity rates are also increasing exponentially in those with type 1 diabetes, contributing to insulin resistance and cardiometabolic sequelae. In addition, both obesity and diabetes can exert adverse effects on female reproductive health independently, with the presence of both conditions likely to exacerbate reproductive dysfunction in this cohort. If the current trends in obesity and diabetes incidence persist, it is likely that more women will be at risk of obesity- and diabetes-related reproductive disorders. This review aims to describe the epidemiology and mechanisms of obesity in women with diabetes, and summarize current literature regarding reproductive disorders in diabetes and weight management strategies in this cohort.

Introduction: Diabetes‐related foot ulceration (DFU) is a serious complication, serving as a leading cause of amputation, disability, hospitalisation and a significant contributor to healthcare costs. Deficiencies in vitamin C and other micronutrients are common in DFU. Emerging evidence suggests vitamin C supplementation may enhance wound healing; however, high‐quality randomised controlled trials are lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of oral vitamin C supplementation (1 g/day) for 8 weeks on wound healing in people with DFU. Methods: This is a multi‐site, parallel group, randomised, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind trial. Eighty adults with DFU will be recruited and randomly assigned to either placebo or vitamin C supplementation (500 mg twice daily). Ulcer measurements will be obtained at baseline, 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks with all other measures collected at baseline and 8 weeks. The primary outcome measure is the percentage reduction in ulcer size (ulcer volume in mm ³ ) at 8 weeks, compared to baseline. Secondary outcomes are changes in plasma vitamin C, time to 50% ulcer healing, time to complete ulcer healing, rate of healing of ulcers and adverse events. Exploratory outcomes include changes to glycaemic status, blood lipids, blood pressure, peripheral arterial perfusion, mental health and well‐being, scurvy signs and symptoms and oxidative stress. Discussion: The findings from this research will provide high‐quality evidence on the efficacy of vitamin C for wound healing in people with DFU and help to inform clinical practice regarding vitamin C supplementation alongside current standard care to aid in the healing of DFUs. Trial Registration: Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12624000675527). Universal Trial Number (UTN) U1111‐1308‐1050