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Recent research is focused on few layered graphene (FLG) with various metal oxides (MOs) as (MOs; CeO2, CuO, SnO2, CdO, ZnO, and TiO2) nanocomposite materials are alternatives to critically important in the fabrication of solar cell devices. In this work, FLG with different MOs nanocomposites were prepared by a novel eco-friendly viable ultrasonic assisted route (UAR). The prepared FLG/MO nanocomposites were performed with various characterization techniques. The crystal and phase compositional were carried out through using X-ray diffraction technique. Surface morphological studies by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). Spectroscopic methods were done by Raman and UV-Vis Diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-DRS). The prepared FLG/MO nanocomposites materials were used as a photoanode, in the fabrication of dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Compared to TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) and other FLG/MO nanocomposites, FLG/TiO2 nanocomposites exhibited superior photovoltaic properties. The obtained results indicate that FLG/TiO2 nanocomposites significantly improved the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of DSSCs. The photovoltaic analyses were performed in a solar simulator with an air mass (AM) of 1.5 G, power density of 100 m W/m2, and current density-voltage (J-V) was investigated using N719 dye.
Satish Bykkam; D. Prasad; Muni Maurya; Kishor Sadasivuni; John-John Cabibihan. Comparison Study of Metal Oxides (CeO2, CuO, SnO2, CdO, ZnO and TiO2) Decked Few Layered Graphene Nanocomposites for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7685 .
AMA StyleSatish Bykkam, D. Prasad, Muni Maurya, Kishor Sadasivuni, John-John Cabibihan. Comparison Study of Metal Oxides (CeO2, CuO, SnO2, CdO, ZnO and TiO2) Decked Few Layered Graphene Nanocomposites for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (14):7685.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSatish Bykkam; D. Prasad; Muni Maurya; Kishor Sadasivuni; John-John Cabibihan. 2021. "Comparison Study of Metal Oxides (CeO2, CuO, SnO2, CdO, ZnO and TiO2) Decked Few Layered Graphene Nanocomposites for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells." Sustainability 13, no. 14: 7685.
This paper examines the immature rupture of glass fiber reinforced plastic composite (GFRP) mitered elbow pipes. The GFRP composite mitered elbow pipe’s lifespan was twenty-five years; however, the pipes in question experienced immature failures, resulting in the reduction of their lifetimes to seven, nine, and ten years, respectively. The GFRP cooling water mitered elbow pipe’s service conditions operate at a pressure of up to 7 bar and temperatures between 15–36 °C. The root cause of failure was determined using visual inspection, analytical, microstructural, mechanical characterizations, and chemical analysis. The initial visualization inspection revealed an improper joint between the composite overwrapped and the straight pipe sections. Mechanical properties along the axial, hoop and 45° from the axial direction were obtained. The results from the analytical analysis indicated that the elbow might withstand the operating pressure depending on the quality factor, which was confirmed to be low due to the elbow joint’s improper fabrication process. As evidence of this, the numerical analyses’ results indicated that the safety factor in withstanding the operating pressure of 5 bar is dropped down in the radial region where the thickness is reduced to simulate the failure zone. This study’s findings recommend that thickness of less than 15 mm be reinforced using overwrapped composites. It is recommended for future installations that the fabrication process be appropriately monitored and controlled and avoids using 45°/−45° fiber orientation and multiple layers of chopped strand mat glass fiber.
Elsadig Mahdi Saad; Samer Gowid; John Cabibihan. Rupture of an Industrial GFRP Composite Mitered Elbow Pipe. Polymers 2021, 13, 1478 .
AMA StyleElsadig Mahdi Saad, Samer Gowid, John Cabibihan. Rupture of an Industrial GFRP Composite Mitered Elbow Pipe. Polymers. 2021; 13 (9):1478.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElsadig Mahdi Saad; Samer Gowid; John Cabibihan. 2021. "Rupture of an Industrial GFRP Composite Mitered Elbow Pipe." Polymers 13, no. 9: 1478.
In this study, glass fibre reinforced (GFRP) polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubes were subjected to quasi-static axial compression tests to determine their crashworthiness performance. To this end, this study employed GFRP/PVC tubes with four different fibre orientations, 45°, 55°, 65° and 90°. A five-axis filament winding machine was used to fabricate the tubes. The results show that there was a considerable increase in all crashworthiness characteristics due to GFRP reinforcement. For the GFRP/PVC composite tubes of different fibre orientations, the load-bearing capacity, crush force efficiency and energy absorption capability generally improve with increasing fibre orientation. The GFRP/PVC 45° specimen was a notable exception as it exhibited the best specific energy absorption capacity and a crushing force efficiency that was only slightly less than for the GFRP/PVC 90° specimen.
Rahib Khan; Elsadig Mahdi; John-John Cabibihan. Effect of Fibre Orientation on the Quasi-Static Axial Crushing Behaviour of Glass Fibre Reinforced Polyvinyl Chloride Composite Tubes. Materials 2021, 14, 2235 .
AMA StyleRahib Khan, Elsadig Mahdi, John-John Cabibihan. Effect of Fibre Orientation on the Quasi-Static Axial Crushing Behaviour of Glass Fibre Reinforced Polyvinyl Chloride Composite Tubes. Materials. 2021; 14 (9):2235.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRahib Khan; Elsadig Mahdi; John-John Cabibihan. 2021. "Effect of Fibre Orientation on the Quasi-Static Axial Crushing Behaviour of Glass Fibre Reinforced Polyvinyl Chloride Composite Tubes." Materials 14, no. 9: 2235.
Recent polymer and metal additive manufacturing technologies were proven capable of building complex structures with high accuracy. Although their final products differ significantly in terms of mechanical properties and building cost, many structural optimization studies were performed with either one without systematic justification. Therefore, this study investigated whether the Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) and Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) methodologies can provide similar conclusions when performing geometrical manipulations for optimizing structural crashworthiness. Two identical sets of four shapes of stiffened hexagonal cells were built and crushed under quasi-static loading. The results were compared in terms of collapsing behavior, load-carrying performance, and energy-absorption capability. Although the observed failure modes were different since the base-materials differ, similar improvement trends in performance were observed between both fabrication approaches. Therefore, FDM was recommended as a fabrication method to optimize thin-walled cellular hexagonal parameters since it was 80% more time-efficient and 53.6% cheaper than the DMLS technique.
Othman Laban; Elsadig Mahdi; Samahat Samim; John-John Cabibihan. A Comparative Study between Polymer and Metal Additive Manufacturing Approaches in Investigating Stiffened Hexagonal Cells. Materials 2021, 14, 883 .
AMA StyleOthman Laban, Elsadig Mahdi, Samahat Samim, John-John Cabibihan. A Comparative Study between Polymer and Metal Additive Manufacturing Approaches in Investigating Stiffened Hexagonal Cells. Materials. 2021; 14 (4):883.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOthman Laban; Elsadig Mahdi; Samahat Samim; John-John Cabibihan. 2021. "A Comparative Study between Polymer and Metal Additive Manufacturing Approaches in Investigating Stiffened Hexagonal Cells." Materials 14, no. 4: 883.
The field of rehabilitation and assistive devices is being disrupted by innovations in desktop 3D printers and open-source designs. For upper limb prosthetics, those technologies have demonstrated a strong potential to aid those with missing hands. However, there are basic interfacing issues that need to be addressed for long term usage. The functionality, durability, and the price need to be considered especially for those in difficult living conditions. We evaluated the most popular designs of body-powered, 3D printed prosthetic hands. We selected a representative sample and evaluated its suitability for its grasping postures, durability, and cost. The prosthetic hand can perform three grasping postures out of the 33 grasps that a human hand can do. This corresponds to grasping objects similar to a coin, a golf ball, and a credit card. Results showed that the material used in the hand and the cables can withstand a 22 N normal grasping force, which is acceptable based on standards for accessibility design. The cost model showed that a 3D printed hand could be produced for as low as $19. For the benefit of children with congenital missing limbs and for the war-wounded, the results can serve as a baseline study to advance the development of prosthetic hands that are functional yet low-cost.
John-John Cabibihan; Farah Alkhatib; Mohammed Mudassir; Laurent A. Lambert; Osama S. Al-Kwifi; Khaled Diab; Elsadig Mahdi. Suitability of the Openly Accessible 3D Printed Prosthetic Hands for War-Wounded Children. Frontiers in Robotics and AI 2021, 7, 1 .
AMA StyleJohn-John Cabibihan, Farah Alkhatib, Mohammed Mudassir, Laurent A. Lambert, Osama S. Al-Kwifi, Khaled Diab, Elsadig Mahdi. Suitability of the Openly Accessible 3D Printed Prosthetic Hands for War-Wounded Children. Frontiers in Robotics and AI. 2021; 7 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohn-John Cabibihan; Farah Alkhatib; Mohammed Mudassir; Laurent A. Lambert; Osama S. Al-Kwifi; Khaled Diab; Elsadig Mahdi. 2021. "Suitability of the Openly Accessible 3D Printed Prosthetic Hands for War-Wounded Children." Frontiers in Robotics and AI 7, no. : 1.
The data is related to unwanted interactions between a person and a small robotic toy based on acceleration sensor embedded within the robotic toy. Three toys were considered namely, a stuffed panda, a stuffed robot, and an excavator. Each toy was embedded with an accelerometer to record the interactions. Five different unwanted interactions were performed by adult participants and children. The considered interactions were hit, shake, throw, pickup, drop, and idle for the no interaction case. The collected data contains the magnitude of the resultant acceleration from the interactions. The data was processed by extracting the instances of interactions. A secondary dataset was created from the original one by creating artificial sequences. This data article contains the processed data that can be used to explore different machine learning models and techniques in classifying such interactions. Online repository contains the files: https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/FHOO0Q.
Ahmad Yaser Alhaddad; John-John Cabibihan; Andrea Bonarini. Datasets for recognition of aggressive interactions of children toward robotic toys. Data in Brief 2020, 34, 106697 .
AMA StyleAhmad Yaser Alhaddad, John-John Cabibihan, Andrea Bonarini. Datasets for recognition of aggressive interactions of children toward robotic toys. Data in Brief. 2020; 34 ():106697.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmad Yaser Alhaddad; John-John Cabibihan; Andrea Bonarini. 2020. "Datasets for recognition of aggressive interactions of children toward robotic toys." Data in Brief 34, no. : 106697.
Common quantitative assessments of neck injury criteria do not predict anatomical neck injuries and lack direct relations to design parameters of whiplash-protection systems. This study aims to provide insights into potential soft tissue-level injury sites based on the interactions developed in-between different anatomical structures in case of a rear-end collision. A detailed finite element human model has exhibited an excellent biofidelity when validated against volunteer impacts. Three head restraint arrangements were simulated, predicting both the kinematic response and the anatomical pain source at each arrangement. Head restraint’s contribution has reduced neck shear and head kinematics by at least 70 percent, minimized pressure gradients acting on ganglia and nerve roots less than half. Posterior column ligaments were the most load-bearing components, followed by the lower intervertebral discs and upper capsular ligaments. Sprain of the interspinous ligamentum flavum at early stages has caused instability in the craniovertebral structure causing its discs and facet joints to be elevated compressive loads. Excessive hyperextension motion, which occurred in the absence of the head restraint, has promoted a stable avulsion teardrop fracture of the fourth vertebral body’s anteroinferior aspect and rupture the anterior longitudinal ligament. The observed neck injuries can be mathematically related to head–torso relative kinematics. These relations will lead to the development of a comprehensive neck injury criterion that can predict the injury level. This, in turn, will impose a significant impact on the design processes of vehicle anti-whiplash safety equipment.
Othman Laban; Elsadig Mahdi; John-John Cabibihan. Prediction of Neural Space Narrowing and Soft Tissue Injury of the Cervical Spine Concerning Head Restraint Arrangements in Traffic Collisions. Applied Sciences 2020, 11, 145 .
AMA StyleOthman Laban, Elsadig Mahdi, John-John Cabibihan. Prediction of Neural Space Narrowing and Soft Tissue Injury of the Cervical Spine Concerning Head Restraint Arrangements in Traffic Collisions. Applied Sciences. 2020; 11 (1):145.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOthman Laban; Elsadig Mahdi; John-John Cabibihan. 2020. "Prediction of Neural Space Narrowing and Soft Tissue Injury of the Cervical Spine Concerning Head Restraint Arrangements in Traffic Collisions." Applied Sciences 11, no. 1: 145.
Non-enzymatic sensing has been in the research limelight, and most sensors based on nanomaterials are designed to detect single analytes. The simultaneous detection of analytes that together exist in biological organisms necessitates the development of effective and efficient non-enzymatic electrodes in sensing. In this regard, the development of sensing elements for detecting glucose and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is significant. Non-enzymatic sensing is more economical and has a longer lifetime than enzymatic electrochemical sensing, but it has several drawbacks, such as high working potential, slow electrode kinetics, poisoning from intermediate species and weak sensing parameters. We comprehensively review the recent developments in non-enzymatic glucose and H2O2 (NEGH) sensing by focusing mainly on the sensing performance, electro catalytic mechanism, morphology and design of electrode materials. Various types of nanomaterials with metal/metal oxides and hybrid metallic nanocomposites are discussed. A comparison of glucose and H2O2 sensing parameters using the same electrode materials is outlined to predict the efficient sensing performance of advanced nanomaterials. Recent innovative approaches to improve the NEGH sensitivity, selectivity and stability in real-time applications are critically discussed, which have not been sufficiently addressed in the previous reviews. Finally, the challenges, future trends, and prospects associated with advanced nanomaterials for NEGH sensing are considered. We believe this article will help to understand the selection of advanced materials for dual/multi non-enzymatic sensing issues and will also be beneficial for researchers to make breakthrough progress in the area of non-enzymatic sensing of dual/multi biomolecules.
Dayakar Thatikayala; Deepalekshmi Ponnamma; Kishor Sadasivuni; John-John Cabibihan; Abdulaziz Al-Ali; Rayaz Malik; Booki Min. Progress of Advanced Nanomaterials in the Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing of Glucose and H2O2. Biosensors 2020, 10, 151 .
AMA StyleDayakar Thatikayala, Deepalekshmi Ponnamma, Kishor Sadasivuni, John-John Cabibihan, Abdulaziz Al-Ali, Rayaz Malik, Booki Min. Progress of Advanced Nanomaterials in the Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing of Glucose and H2O2. Biosensors. 2020; 10 (11):151.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDayakar Thatikayala; Deepalekshmi Ponnamma; Kishor Sadasivuni; John-John Cabibihan; Abdulaziz Al-Ali; Rayaz Malik; Booki Min. 2020. "Progress of Advanced Nanomaterials in the Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing of Glucose and H2O2." Biosensors 10, no. 11: 151.
The quality of a companion robot’s reaction is important to make it acceptable to the users and to sustain interactions. Furthermore, the robot’s reaction can be used to train socially acceptable behaviors and to develop certain skills in both normally developing children and children with cognitive disabilities. In this study, we investigate the influence of reaction time in the emotional response of a robot when children display aggressive interactions toward it. Different interactions were considered, namely, pickup, shake, drop and throw. The robot produced responses as audible sounds, which were activated at three different reaction times, namely, 0.5 s, 1.0 s, and 1.5 s. The results for one of the tasks that involved shaking the robotic toys produced a significant difference between the timings tested. This could imply that producing a late response to an action (i.e. greater than 1.0 s) could negatively affect the children’s comprehension of the intended message. Furthermore, the response should be comprehensible to provide a clear message to the user. The results imply that the designers of companion robotic toys need to consider an appropriate timing and clear modality for their robots’ responses.
Ahmad Yaser Alhaddad; John-John Cabibihan; Andrea Bonarini. Influence of Reaction Time in the Emotional Response of a Companion Robot to a Child’s Aggressive Interaction. International Journal of Social Robotics 2020, 12, 1279 -1291.
AMA StyleAhmad Yaser Alhaddad, John-John Cabibihan, Andrea Bonarini. Influence of Reaction Time in the Emotional Response of a Companion Robot to a Child’s Aggressive Interaction. International Journal of Social Robotics. 2020; 12 (6):1279-1291.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmad Yaser Alhaddad; John-John Cabibihan; Andrea Bonarini. 2020. "Influence of Reaction Time in the Emotional Response of a Companion Robot to a Child’s Aggressive Interaction." International Journal of Social Robotics 12, no. 6: 1279-1291.
Social robots have shown some efficacy in assisting children with autism and are now being considered as assistive tools for therapy. The physical proximity of a small companion social robot could become a source of harm to children with autism during aggressive physical interactions. A child exhibiting challenging behaviors could throw a small robot that could harm another child’s head upon impact. In this paper, we investigate the effects of the mass and shape of objects thrown on impact at different velocities on the linear acceleration of a developed dummy head. This dummy head could be the head of another child or a caregiver in the room. A total of 27 main experiments were conducted based on Taguchi’s orthogonal array design. The data were then analyzed using ANOVA and then optimized based on the signal-to-noise ratio. Our results revealed that the two design factors considered (i.e. mass and shape) and the noise factor (i.e. impact velocities) affected the response. Finally, confirmation runs at the optimal identified shape and mass (i.e. mass of 0.3 kg and shape of either cube or wedge) showed an overall reduction in the resultant peak linear acceleration of the dummy head as compared to the other conditions. These results have implications on the design and manufacturing of small social robots whereby minimizing the mass of the robots can aid in mitigating the potential harm to the head due to impacts.
Ahmad Yaser Alhaddad; John-John Cabibihan; Ahmad Hayek; Andrea Bonarini. Influence of the shape and mass of a small robot when thrown to a dummy human head. SN Applied Sciences 2019, 1, 1468 .
AMA StyleAhmad Yaser Alhaddad, John-John Cabibihan, Ahmad Hayek, Andrea Bonarini. Influence of the shape and mass of a small robot when thrown to a dummy human head. SN Applied Sciences. 2019; 1 (11):1468.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmad Yaser Alhaddad; John-John Cabibihan; Ahmad Hayek; Andrea Bonarini. 2019. "Influence of the shape and mass of a small robot when thrown to a dummy human head." SN Applied Sciences 1, no. 11: 1468.
Robotic manipulators face significant challenges when handling objects of different sizes and shapes. Incorporating a sense of touch into these devices has the potential to improve performance and dexterity. In this paper, a bio-inspired approach is presented for slip detection and suppression during object manipulation. The method was inspired by the behavior of FA-I afferents located in the glabrous skin that encode sliding motion of objects over the skin. The proposed slip detection method encodes object motion captured by a slip sensor into spikes, following principles of neuromorphic sensing. The spikes are used as the feedback signal for an event-based closed-loop control system. The controller behaves in a reflex-like manner and actively engages the robotic fingers to increase grip force and suppress slip. A Dynamic Adaptive Threshold method was designed to improve slip detection for different surface properties of grasped objects. The performance of the method was evaluated following situations of dynamic slip caused by a sudden or gradual increase in object weight. The results demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed method. Slip events were suppressed before complete object slippage in 80% of all experimental trials. The response time (Δt < 85 ms) was compatible with the time for grip force adjustments in humans. This paper explored event-based touch applicable to the problem of manipulation, which is less explored than event-based tactile perception and shows promising prospects for both robotics and prosthetics.
Andrei Nakagawa-Silva; Nitish V. Thakor; John-John Cabibihan; Alcimar B. Soares. A Bio-Inspired Slip Detection and Reflex-Like Suppression Method for Robotic Manipulators. IEEE Sensors Journal 2019, 19, 12443 -12453.
AMA StyleAndrei Nakagawa-Silva, Nitish V. Thakor, John-John Cabibihan, Alcimar B. Soares. A Bio-Inspired Slip Detection and Reflex-Like Suppression Method for Robotic Manipulators. IEEE Sensors Journal. 2019; 19 (24):12443-12453.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrei Nakagawa-Silva; Nitish V. Thakor; John-John Cabibihan; Alcimar B. Soares. 2019. "A Bio-Inspired Slip Detection and Reflex-Like Suppression Method for Robotic Manipulators." IEEE Sensors Journal 19, no. 24: 12443-12453.
In this article, three different data sets are presented to evaluate a representative of openly accessible 3D printed prosthetic hand. The first data set includes grasping force measurements of human hand and low-cost 3D printed hand. Three grasping functions were evaluated, spherical, cylindrical, and precision grasps. The experimental test was performed using a wearable tactile sensor. The second data set includes the numerical analysis of prosthetic fingers made from Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) and Polylactic Acid (PLA) materials under different carrying loads. The numerical analyses were carried out by LS-DYNA software. The files can be used for the prosthetic fingers' evaluation and for the selection of suitable material. The third data set includes the experimental tensile test of ABS and PLA materials. The mechanical properties were calculated from the results, which can be used in the design and fabrication of products from these materials. All the datasets are available from Harvard Dataverse: https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/GCPAIL.
Farah Alkhatib; John-John Cabibihan; Elsadig Mahdi. Data for benchmarking low-cost, 3D printed prosthetic hands. Data in Brief 2019, 25, 104163 .
AMA StyleFarah Alkhatib, John-John Cabibihan, Elsadig Mahdi. Data for benchmarking low-cost, 3D printed prosthetic hands. Data in Brief. 2019; 25 ():104163.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFarah Alkhatib; John-John Cabibihan; Elsadig Mahdi. 2019. "Data for benchmarking low-cost, 3D printed prosthetic hands." Data in Brief 25, no. : 104163.
Anthropomorphic test dummies are commonly used to evaluate the potential harm to humans due to dangerous scenarios, such as that due to car accidents. Furthermore, they have been used in sports to evaluate the efficacy of protective gears in mitigating harm due to impacts. Recently, they have been considered in industrial and collaborative robotics to assess risks due interactions between a human and a robot. In this article, we describe the development of a low-cost dummy head impact rig. The motivation behind this project is to quantify the potential harm to a child’s head due to impacts with a small robotic toy. Three severity indices can be estimated, namely, Head Acceleration Criterion (HIC), 3 ms criterion, and peak head acceleration. Furthermore, the artificial skin of the dummy head can be used to assess the potential for tissue injuries. 3D-printed parts were used to develop the head. A tri-axial accelerometer embedded inside the head was used to measure the changes in accelerations. The developed head was placed inside a dedicated experimental bench. A data acquisition card that is connected to a computer system was used to acquire the raw data and then store it. A script was used to postprocess the stored data for the three severity indices. A video camera recording in slow-motion was used to record the impacts. The calculation of the impact velocities was based on the analysis of the video recordings using an open-source software. The developed experimental setup was validated by producing comparable results to that of relevant previous studies.
Ahmad Yaser Alhaddad; John-John Cabibihan; Ahmad Hayek; Andrea Bonarini. A low-cost test rig for impact experiments on a dummy head. HardwareX 2019, 6, e00068 .
AMA StyleAhmad Yaser Alhaddad, John-John Cabibihan, Ahmad Hayek, Andrea Bonarini. A low-cost test rig for impact experiments on a dummy head. HardwareX. 2019; 6 ():e00068.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmad Yaser Alhaddad; John-John Cabibihan; Ahmad Hayek; Andrea Bonarini. 2019. "A low-cost test rig for impact experiments on a dummy head." HardwareX 6, no. : e00068.
There is a growing interest in social robots to be considered in the therapy of children with autism due to their effectiveness in improving the outcomes. However, children on the spectrum exhibit challenging behaviors that need to be considered when designing robots for them. A child could involuntarily throw a small social robot during meltdown and that could hit another person’s head and cause harm (e.g. concussion). In this paper, the application of soft materials is investigated for its potential in attenuating head’s linear acceleration upon impact. The thickness and storage modulus of three different soft materials were considered as the control factors while the noise factor was the impact velocity. The design of experiments was based on Taguchi method. A total of 27 experiments were conducted on a developed dummy head setup that reports the linear acceleration of the head. ANOVA tests were performed to analyze the data. The findings showed that the control factors are not statistically significant in attenuating the response. The optimal values of the control factors were identified using the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio optimization technique. Confirmation tests at the optimal parameters (e.g. thickness of 3 mm or 5 mm) showed better responses as compared to other conditions. Designers of social robots should consider the application of soft materials to their designs as it helps in reducing the potential harm to the head.
Ahmad Yaser Alhaddad; John-John Cabibihan; Ahmad Hayek; Andrea Bonarini. Safety experiments for small robots investigating the potential of soft materials in mitigating the harm to the head due to impacts. SN Applied Sciences 2019, 1, 476 .
AMA StyleAhmad Yaser Alhaddad, John-John Cabibihan, Ahmad Hayek, Andrea Bonarini. Safety experiments for small robots investigating the potential of soft materials in mitigating the harm to the head due to impacts. SN Applied Sciences. 2019; 1 (5):476.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmad Yaser Alhaddad; John-John Cabibihan; Ahmad Hayek; Andrea Bonarini. 2019. "Safety experiments for small robots investigating the potential of soft materials in mitigating the harm to the head due to impacts." SN Applied Sciences 1, no. 5: 476.
The purpose of this data is to investigate the effect of different thicknesses of different soft materials samples added to an object on the resultant head acceleration of a developed dummy head upon impact. The object was a cylinder (10 × 10 cm2, diameter and height) and weighs 0.4 kg. The investigated materials were Ecoflex, Dragon Skin, and Clay while the thickness were 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, and 5 mm. The velocities of the impacts for the 108 experiments were between 1 m/s and 3 m/s. Three severity indices (i.e. peak head linear acceleration, 3 ms criterion and the Head Injury Criterion (HIC)) were calculated from the raw acceleration data. The impact velocities were tabulated from the video recordings. A summary of the processed data and the raw data are included in this dataset. Online repository contains the files: https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/TXOPUH.
Ahmad Yaser Alhaddad; John-John Cabibihan; Ahmad Hayek; Andrea Bonarini. Data on the impact of an object with different thicknesses of different soft materials at different impact velocities on a dummy head. Data in Brief 2019, 24, 103885 .
AMA StyleAhmad Yaser Alhaddad, John-John Cabibihan, Ahmad Hayek, Andrea Bonarini. Data on the impact of an object with different thicknesses of different soft materials at different impact velocities on a dummy head. Data in Brief. 2019; 24 ():103885.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmad Yaser Alhaddad; John-John Cabibihan; Ahmad Hayek; Andrea Bonarini. 2019. "Data on the impact of an object with different thicknesses of different soft materials at different impact velocities on a dummy head." Data in Brief 24, no. : 103885.
In this article, a data generated from impacts of objects with different shapes, masses, and impact velocities on a developed dummy head. The mass considered was in the range of 0.3–0.5 kg while the shapes considered were cube, wedge, and cylinder. The impact velocities levels were in the range of 1–3 m/s. A total of 144 experiments were conducted and the corresponding videos and raw data were analyzed for impact velocity, peak head linear acceleration, 3 ms criterion, and the Head Injury Criterion (HIC). This dataset includes the raw acceleration data and a summary of the overall processed data. The data is available on Harvard Dataverse: https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/AVC8GG.
Ahmad Yaser Alhaddad; John-John Cabibihan; Ahmad Hayek; Andrea Bonarini. Data on the impact of objects with different shapes, masses, and impact velocities on a dummy head. Data in Brief 2018, 22, 344 -348.
AMA StyleAhmad Yaser Alhaddad, John-John Cabibihan, Ahmad Hayek, Andrea Bonarini. Data on the impact of objects with different shapes, masses, and impact velocities on a dummy head. Data in Brief. 2018; 22 ():344-348.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmad Yaser Alhaddad; John-John Cabibihan; Ahmad Hayek; Andrea Bonarini. 2018. "Data on the impact of objects with different shapes, masses, and impact velocities on a dummy head." Data in Brief 22, no. : 344-348.
Young individuals with ASD may exhibit challenging behaviors. Among these, self-injurious behavior (SIB) is the most devastating for a person’s physical health and inclusion within the community. SIB refers to a class of behaviors that an individual inflicts upon himself or herself, which may potentially result in physical injury (e.g. hitting one’s own head with the hand or the wrist, banging one’s head on the wall, biting oneself and pulling out one’s own hair). We evaluate the feasibility of a wrist-wearable sensor in detecting challenging behaviors in a child with autism prior to any visible signs through the monitoring of the child’s heart rate, electrodermal activity, and movements. Furthermore, we evaluate the feasibility of such sensor to be used on an ankle instead of the wrist to reduce harm due to hitting oneself by hands and to improve wearable tolerance. Thus, we conducted two pilot tests. The first test involved a wearable sensor on the wrist of a child with autism. In a second test, we investigated wearable sensors on the wrist and on the ankle of a neurotypical child. Both pilot test results showed that the readings from the wearable sensors correlated with the children’s behaviors that were obtained from the videos taken during the tests. Wearable sensors could provide additional information that can be passed to social robots or to the caregivers for mitigating SIBs.
John-John Cabibihan; Ryad Chellali; Catherine Wing Chee So; Mohammad Aldosari; Olcay Connor; Ahmad Yaser Alhaddad; Hifza Javed. Social Robots and Wearable Sensors for Mitigating Meltdowns in Autism - A Pilot Test. Speech and Computer 2018, 103 -114.
AMA StyleJohn-John Cabibihan, Ryad Chellali, Catherine Wing Chee So, Mohammad Aldosari, Olcay Connor, Ahmad Yaser Alhaddad, Hifza Javed. Social Robots and Wearable Sensors for Mitigating Meltdowns in Autism - A Pilot Test. Speech and Computer. 2018; ():103-114.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohn-John Cabibihan; Ryad Chellali; Catherine Wing Chee So; Mohammad Aldosari; Olcay Connor; Ahmad Yaser Alhaddad; Hifza Javed. 2018. "Social Robots and Wearable Sensors for Mitigating Meltdowns in Autism - A Pilot Test." Speech and Computer , no. : 103-114.
This review is focused on the rapidly expanding field of porous materials for the sensor, actuator, energy storage and energy generation application. The synthesis methods to produce excellent porous composites and designs required for the domestic applications are also discussed. The properties of the porous composite materials are characterized and compared with non-porous polymer composite materials. In addition, porous materials based on polymer blends and their controllable synthesis methods for adjusting anticipated properties are highlighted. The properties, processing methods, applications, limitations, challenges and promising directions of porous composite materials for imminent advancement in this field are discussed.
Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni; John-John Cabibihan; Kalim Deshmukh; Solleti Goutham; Mohammad Khaleel Abubasha; Jyoti Prasad Gogoi; Igors Klemenoks; Gita Sakale; Bhogilla Satya Sekhar; P. S. Rama Sreekanth; Kalagadda Venkateswara Rao; Maris Knite. A review on porous polymer composite materials for multifunctional electronic applications. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials 2018, 58, 1253 -1294.
AMA StyleKishor Kumar Sadasivuni, John-John Cabibihan, Kalim Deshmukh, Solleti Goutham, Mohammad Khaleel Abubasha, Jyoti Prasad Gogoi, Igors Klemenoks, Gita Sakale, Bhogilla Satya Sekhar, P. S. Rama Sreekanth, Kalagadda Venkateswara Rao, Maris Knite. A review on porous polymer composite materials for multifunctional electronic applications. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials. 2018; 58 (12):1253-1294.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKishor Kumar Sadasivuni; John-John Cabibihan; Kalim Deshmukh; Solleti Goutham; Mohammad Khaleel Abubasha; Jyoti Prasad Gogoi; Igors Klemenoks; Gita Sakale; Bhogilla Satya Sekhar; P. S. Rama Sreekanth; Kalagadda Venkateswara Rao; Maris Knite. 2018. "A review on porous polymer composite materials for multifunctional electronic applications." Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials 58, no. 12: 1253-1294.
Social robots have gained a lot of attention recently as they have been reported to be effective in supporting therapeutic services for children with autism. However, children with autism may exhibit a multitude of challenging behaviors that could be harmful to themselves and to others around them. Furthermore, social robots are meant to be companions and to elicit certain social behaviors. Hence, the presence of a social robot during the occurrence of challenging behaviors might increase any potential harm. In this paper, we identified harmful scenarios that might emanate between a child and a social robot due to the manifestation of challenging behaviors. We then quantified the harm levels based on severity indices for one of the challenging behaviors (i.e. throwing of objects). Our results showed that the overall harm levels based on the selected severity indices are relatively low compared to their respective thresholds. However, our investigation of harm due to throwing of a small social robot to the head revealed that it could potentially cause tissue injuries, subconcussive or even concussive events in extreme cases. The existence of such behaviors must be accounted for and considered when developing interactive social robots to be deployed for children with autism.
Ahmad Yaser Alhaddad; John-John Cabibihan; Andrea Bonarini. Head Impact Severity Measures for Small Social Robots Thrown During Meltdown in Autism. International Journal of Social Robotics 2018, 11, 255 -270.
AMA StyleAhmad Yaser Alhaddad, John-John Cabibihan, Andrea Bonarini. Head Impact Severity Measures for Small Social Robots Thrown During Meltdown in Autism. International Journal of Social Robotics. 2018; 11 (2):255-270.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmad Yaser Alhaddad; John-John Cabibihan; Andrea Bonarini. 2018. "Head Impact Severity Measures for Small Social Robots Thrown During Meltdown in Autism." International Journal of Social Robotics 11, no. 2: 255-270.
Prosthetic hands have greatly evolved in mechatronic, robotic and control aspects. However, occasional accidents might happen due to excessive grip force or the breaking of contact due to slip. Fast transient slip events can be properly handled by a low-level controller that can behave like a reflex to maintain grasp stability in a shared control manner between the user and the prosthetic hand itself. Here we propose the use of a reflective optic sensor to capture slip events and evaluate the performance of a monotonic PI (MPI) control law that acts as to suppress slip. We have characterized the response of the sensor to motion and noted that transparent surfaces generate smaller responses. The proof-of-concept experiment demonstrated the effectiveness of the MPI controller where slip events were properly suppressed by an increase in grip force.
Andrei Nakagawa-Silva; Sai Praneeth Reddy Sunkesula; Anna Prach; John-John Cabibihan; Nitish V. Thakor; Alcimar B. Soares. Slip suppression in prosthetic hands using a reflective optical sensor and MPI controller. 2018 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS) 2018, 1 -4.
AMA StyleAndrei Nakagawa-Silva, Sai Praneeth Reddy Sunkesula, Anna Prach, John-John Cabibihan, Nitish V. Thakor, Alcimar B. Soares. Slip suppression in prosthetic hands using a reflective optical sensor and MPI controller. 2018 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS). 2018; ():1-4.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrei Nakagawa-Silva; Sai Praneeth Reddy Sunkesula; Anna Prach; John-John Cabibihan; Nitish V. Thakor; Alcimar B. Soares. 2018. "Slip suppression in prosthetic hands using a reflective optical sensor and MPI controller." 2018 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS) , no. : 1-4.