The forest sector plays an important role in the circular bioeconomy due to its focus on renewable materials that can substitute fossil or greenhouse gas emissions-intensive materials, store carbon in bio-based products and provide ecosystem services. This study investigates the state of the bioeconomy in Brazil and its forest industry. Specifically, this study presents some examples of novel wood-based products being developed or manufactured in Brazil and discusses possible opportunities for the development of the country’s forest sector. The pulp and paper industry plays an important role in the forest sector. It has also been showing advancements in the development of cascading uses of wood invalue-added products, such as nanocrystalline cellulose, wood-based textile fibers, lignin-based products, and chemical derivatives from tall oil. Product and business diversification through the integration of the pulp and paper industry to biorefineries could provide new opportunities. Moreover, biochemicals derived from non-wood forest products, such as resin and tannins could promote diversification and competitiveness of the Brazilian forest industry. Although some engineered wood products are still a novelty in Brazil, the market for such products will likely expand in the future following the global trends in wood construction.

Purpose of Review: Comparing the available supply, the societal demand, and the actual use of forest ecosystem services (FES) reveals where societal needs are met, where forests are overexploited to do so, and/or where untapped potential exists. Due to the complexity of this task, many studies focus exclusively on either supply or demand, disregarding their interconnection and limiting the integration of scientific findings into policy and practice. To better understand and address this gap, we aim to identify the main challenges in quantitatively mapping and modelling FES supply-demand mismatches, and to outline practical opportunities for integrating both perspectives. Recent Findings: This study presents the synthesis of a systematic literature mapping, where proxy indicators and estimates used to quantify the supply and demand of FES across Europe were collected. We discuss four key challenges, identified from this synthesis, that currently limit the integration of FES supply and demand in practice: (1) inconsistencies in FES quantification methods, (2) limitations of the ecosystem service cascade framework, (3) issues with data availability and reliability, and (4) the interdisciplinary nature of matching supply and demand. Different integration pathways exist, depending on the specific FES and study aim, as a universal integration approach remains unrealistic. Summary: Identifying mismatches between the supply and demand of FES remains challenging in practice, especially across large spatial scales. Drawing on an extensive systematic literature mapping exercise, this study uncovers key underlying causes for this research gap and highlights the importance of tailored, FES-specific strategies reconciling ecological and socioeconomic perspectives.

Ocotea odorifera (Vell.) Rohwer (Lauraceae), commonly known as canela-sassafrás, is a tree species native to the Atlantic Forest and valued for its essential oils used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and bioinsecticides. Developing an efficient mini-cutting protocol is fundamental for conservation efforts, as it provides a viable alternative for producing seedlings of this threatened species. This study evaluated the rooting of mini-cuttings collected during the four seasons of 2023 and treated with five concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), and investigated anatomical features associated with adventitious root formation. The experiment followed a completely randomized design in a 4 × 5 factorial arrangement, with four replications of ten mini-cuttings per experimental unit. Mini-cuttings, five centimeters in length and containing a pair of apical leaves, were obtained from established mini-stock plants and subjected to basal immersion in hydroalcoholic IBA solutions (0, 1500, 3000, 4500, and 6000 mg L⁻¹) for ten seconds, followed by ninety days in a greenhouse under 25 ± 2 °C and 85% RH. No significant interaction was observed between season and IBA concentration. The highest rooting percentage (68.2%) occurred with 3000 mg L⁻¹ IBA, whereas 6000 mg L⁻¹ resulted in a greater mean number of roots and greater root length. Spring exhibited the best overall performance, with ninety percent rooting. Anatomical analysis revealed that roots originated from the vascular cambium. Based on these findings, we recommend collecting mini-cuttings in spring and applying 3000 mg L⁻¹ IBA

This exploratory study presents an objective and consistent approach for assessing forest structure across multiple European countries, focusing on the distributions of tree species and tree diameter at breast height (DBH) as assessed by European National Forest Inventories (NFIs) and one landscape inventory. We distinguish six structural classes, ranging from mono-specific plots with a narrow (regular) DBH distribution to multi-species plots with a wide (irregular) DBH distribution. We used tree level data on basal area, species, and diameter, from 18 countries, and harmonised the data as much as possible by adopting a common diameter measurement threshold and by scaling the different plot radii to one ha. Data from 255,418 inventory plots indicate that roughly half of the forests are dominated by a single-species, while the other half consists of multiple-species. According to our approach, the predominant structural type in the surveyed countries is characterized by single-species dominance (56%) and a narrow DBH distribution. The relatively small plot radii across inventories and the diameter threshold of 10 cm also contribute to dominance of this structural type. The single-species regular class was the most prevalent ranging from 35.8% in Switzerland to 79.7% in Spain. The second most important was the multiple-species regular class, present on 37.7% of the forest area. Although the plots are not weighed to the full forest area, these results indicate a regular forest structure on 94% of Europe’s forests. The distribution of forest area per country over the categories varied only moderately. A shortcoming of a groundbased study is the challenge of harmonisation due to the different plot design of NFIs, showing a range in the plot radii from 9 to 25 meters hampering the comparison between countries. The results as presented at 0.2 degrees resolution (approximately 20 x 20 km) provide insight into forest structure in a consistent manner and can be updated in the future based on new releases of forest inventories. Although we did not study the effect of forest management on the current structure, these results are a basis to report temporal and spatial effects of management changes at this semi-high resolution, highly relevant to the EU Nature Restoration Law. We see this spatially explicit result as very promising, with advantages compared to the alternative of highly aggregated international statistics..

Considerando-se que a atual tendência do melhoramento florestal é a integração das técnicas clássicas com as de análise genética molecular, faz-se necessária a obtenção de protocolos de extração de DNA genômico ajustados a cada espécie estudada. O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar o efeito de diferentes adaptações no protocolo de extração de DNA genômico CTAB para acácia-negra. Foram testados diferentes componentes na fase de extração orgânica: clorofórmio, fenol e proteinase K, além da aplicação de RNase após a fase de precipitação e limpeza do DNA. Também, foi investigada a eficiência destes tratamentos em amostras de folíolos frescas ou armazenadas em baixa temperatura durante sete dias. Foi verificada a presença de DNA de todas as amostras submetidas à extração pelo protocolo de CTAB com os diferentes tratamentos. O tempo de armazenamento das amostras não influenciou na integridade do DNA, entretanto, foi possível observar que a adição de RNase melhorou a qualidade do DNA extraído. Deste modo, sugere-se a utilização do protocolo CTAB com uso de clorofórmio e RNase, com amostras frescas ou armazenadas em baixas temperaturas.

Ocotea odorifera (Vell.) Rohwer (canela-sassafrás) is a forest species rich in essential oils used in the perfumery industry. The natural regeneration of the species is limited due to low seed germination, reinforcing the need for efficient vegetative propagation methods. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) on the adventitious rooting of minicuttings, as well as on protein and sugar contents, analysed at time zero and after 90 days of rooting, relating these compounds to final rooting performance. Minicuttings were collected during the four seasons of 2024 from canela-sassafrás ministumps maintained in a minigarden. Minicuttings measuring 5 cm in length were treated for 10 s in IBA solutions at concentrations of 0, 1500, 3000, 4500, and 6000 mg L⁻¹. Biochemical analyses of sugars and proteins were performed on the day of experiment installation (time zero) and after 90 days, when rooting was assessed. The highest number of roots (9.95) and the greatest mean root length (15.7 cm) were observed in spring at the concentration of 6000 mg L⁻¹. In this season, the highest rooting percentage (47%) and leaf retention (91%) were also observed, while summer presented the highest mortality (19%). Among IBA concentrations, 3000 mg L⁻¹ promoted the highest rooting percentage (45%), with no significant differences for mortality and leaf retention. Biochemical analyses indicated greater protein accumulation and higher sugar consumption during spring over 90 days, coinciding with superior rooting performance. Spring collection of minicuttings and the application of 3000 mg L⁻¹ IBA are recommended.