The use of dyes dates to ancient times and has increased due to population and industrial growth, leading to the rise of synthetic dyes. These pollutants are of great environmental impact and azo dyes deserve special attention due their widespread use and challenging degradation. Among the biological solutions developed to mitigate this issue, bacteria are highlighted for being versatile organisms, which can be applied as single organism cultures, microbial consortia, in bioreactors, acting in the detoxification of azo dyes breakage by-products and have the potential to combine biodegradation with the production of products of economic interest. These characteristics go hand in hand with the ability of various strains to act under various chemical and physical parameters, such as a wide range of pH, salinity, and temperature, with good performance under industry, and environmental, relevant conditions. This review encompasses studies with promising results related to the use of bacteria in the bioremediation of environments contaminated with azo dyes in the most diverse techniques and parameters, both in environmental and laboratory samples, also addressing their mechanisms and the legislation involving these dyes around the world, showcasing the importance of bacterial bioremediation, specialty in a scenario in an ever-increasing pursuit for sustainable production.

The Oropouche virus (OROV) is an arbovirus (Peribunyaviridae: Orthobunyavirus) that traditionally causes febrile outbreaks in Latin America’s Amazon region. Previously, OROV was not associated with severe pregnancy outcomes. During the 2022–2024 outbreak in Brazil, OROV expanded geographically, revealing links to adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study describes six cases with varied fetal outcomes, including miscarriage, antepartum, intrauterine fetal demise (IFD), and normal development, correlating with maternal symptoms but not symptom severity. Vertical transmission was confirmed by detecting OROV through RT-qPCR, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry in fetal tissues. Genome sequencing from an IFD case identified a novel reassortment pattern reported in the 2022–2024 outbreak. Severe encephalomalacia, meningoencephalitis, vascular compromise, and multi-organ damage were evident, underscoring the significant risk OROV poses to fetal development and emphasizing the need for further investigation.

Bats are widely distributed in Brazil, including the Amazon region, and their association with viral pathogens is well-known. This work aimed to evaluate the metavirome in samples of Molossus sp. bats captured in the Brazilian Amazon from 2019 to 2021. Lung samples from 58 bats were divided into 13 pools for RNA isolation and sequencing followed by bioinformatic analysis. The Retroviridae family showed the highest abundance of viral reads. Although no complete genome could be recovered, the Paramyxoviridae and Dicistroviridae families showed the formation of contigs with satisfactory identity and size characteristics for further analysis. One contig of the Paramyxoviridae family was characterized as belonging to the genus Morbillivirus, being grouped most closely phylogenetically to Porcine morbillivirus. The contig related to the Dicistroviridae family was identified within the Cripavirus genus, with 94%, 91%, and 42% amino acid identity with Culex dicistrovirus 2, Rhopalosiphum padi, and Aphid lethal paralysis, respectively. The presence of viruses in bats needs constant updating since the study was able to identify viral sequences related to families or genera still poorly described in the literature in association with bats.