The mitochondrial genome of moss Mielichhoferia elongata has been sequenced and assembled with Spades genome assembler. It consists of 100,342 base pairs and has practically the same gene set and order as in other known bryophyte chondriomes. The genome contains 66 genes including three rRNAs, 24 tRNAs, and 40 conserved mitochondrial proteins genes. Unlike the majority of previously sequenced bryophyte mitogenomes, it lacks the functional nad7 gene. The phylogenetic reconstruction and scrutiny analysis of the primary structure of nad7 gene carried out in this study suggest its independent pseudogenization in different bryophyte lineages. Evaluation of the microsatellite (simple sequence repeat) content of the M. elongata mitochondrial genome indicates that it could be used as a tool in further studies as a phylogenetic marker. The strongly supported phylogenetic tree presented here, derived from 33 protein coding sequences of 40 bryophyte species, is consistent with other reconstructions based on a number of different data sets.

This represents the first report on the genetic diversity of red currant germplasm collections based on genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) data. Genotypes of 75 individuals of different origin were assessed in more than 7.5K genome positions. Multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis has been performed. There are five accessions that are significantly isolated from each other and from the rest of the analyzed cultivars. F₁ offspring of R. petraeum Wulf (Rote Hollandische) and Gondouin, as well as Rote Spatlese (F₂ of R. petraeum and F₂ of R. multiflorum Kit.), are the most genetically isolated on the MDS plot. Ribes multiflorum is closer to the rest of cultivars than the three abovementioned accessions. Purpurnaya cultivar (F₁ of Rote Spatlese) is located between Rote Hollandische and R. multiflorum. Other genotypes, mostly represented by varieties having several species in a pedigree, occupied the rest of MDS plot relatively evenly. Descendants of R. multiflorum have been placed in the left part of MDS plot, which underlines their genetic diversity from other accessions. White- and pink-fruited cultivars were clustered together, underlining genetic relatedness. Admixture analysis of GBS data reveals six clusters (K = 6). Presumably, clustering reflects relatedness to R. petraeum, R. rubrum, R. vulgare var macrocarpum, R. multiflorum, R. vulgare, and Jonker van Tets. Based on genotyping data, F₁ offspring of R. warscewiczs Jancz (cultivar Viksne), R. altissimum Turcz (Cirald), and R. palczewskii (Jancz.) Pojark (Skorospelaya) have not exhibited strict separation and were placed in a pool with other varieties. This supports modern taxonomic classifications that do not consider R. altissimum and R. palczewskii as independent species.

The complete chloroplast genomes of red currant cultivar ‘Belaya Potapenko’ and gooseberry cultivar ‘Nekrasovskij’ were sequenced and assembled for the first time. The plastomes are 157,802 bp and 157,559 bp in length for Ribes rubrum and R. uva-crispa, respectively. The R. rubrum cp genome is 243 b.p. longer. It has one more protein-coding gene ycf1, which is pseudogenized in the R. uva-crispa cp genome. In total, 56 and 54 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified within the assembled plastid genomes. The SSR content of plastid genomes was assessed for the 18 Saxifragales species. Phylogeny inference based on plastome data of 18 Saxifragales revealed that all Ribes species are clustered together on the phylogenetic tree, though R. fasciculatum seems to be the most distant from the other analyzed Ribes species. The position of taxa inside the Ribes genus clade does not support the concept of its division into five subgenera. All Ribes species share approximately the same set of protein-coding genes in their plastome sequences. There was multiple independent pseudogenization of the ycf1 gene within the Ribes genus as well as other Saxifragales taxa. Negative selection was observed for most of the genes in both the Ribes group and Saxifragales. A positive selection ratio was observed only inside the Ribes group for the ycf4 and clpP genes. Together with positive selection signatures, pseudogenization events of ycfs genes perhaps reflect that these genes’ evolution was important for Ribes’ adaptation. Thus, our study provides genomic resources and valuable reference for marker development, and makes some clarifications of the phylogenomics of the Ribes genus.