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Dr. Gabriele Messina
Depatment of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy

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0 ultraviolet light
0 Disinfection and sterilization techniques
0 Hospital-acquired infections
0 Enviromental hygiene
0 Cross-contamination

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Journal article
Published: 07 April 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has become a global health burden. Surface sanitation is one of the key points to reduce the risk of transmission both in healthcare and other public spaces. UVC light is already used in hospital and laboratory infection control, and some recent studies have shown its effectiveness on SARS-CoV-2. An innovative UV chip technology, described in Part I of this study, has recently appeared able to overcome the limits of old lamps and is proposed as a valid alternative to LEDs. This study was designed to test the virucidal activity on SARS-CoV-2 of a device based on the new UV chip technology. Via an initial concentration of virus suspension of 107.2 TCID50/mL, the tests revealed a viral charge reduction of more than 99.9% after 3 min; the maximum detectable attenuation value of Log10 = 5.7 was measured at 10 min of UV exposure.

ACS Style

Gabriele Messina; Alessandro Della Camera; Pietro Ferraro; Davide Amodeo; Alessio Corazza; Nicola Nante; Gabriele Cevenini. An Emerging Innovative UV Disinfection Technology (Part II): Virucide Activity on SARS-CoV-2. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 3873 .

AMA Style

Gabriele Messina, Alessandro Della Camera, Pietro Ferraro, Davide Amodeo, Alessio Corazza, Nicola Nante, Gabriele Cevenini. An Emerging Innovative UV Disinfection Technology (Part II): Virucide Activity on SARS-CoV-2. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (8):3873.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriele Messina; Alessandro Della Camera; Pietro Ferraro; Davide Amodeo; Alessio Corazza; Nicola Nante; Gabriele Cevenini. 2021. "An Emerging Innovative UV Disinfection Technology (Part II): Virucide Activity on SARS-CoV-2." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 8: 3873.

Journal article
Published: 29 May 2020 in Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
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Background The epidemiology of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is relevant for health-services planning. Most of MS prevalence and incidence studies in Italy referred to specific geographical areas and periods, whereas mortality data are routinely collected at the national level. The aim was to assess MS mortality trend and geographical differences in Italy from 1980 to 2015. Methods Mortality data were provided by the Italian Institute of Statistics. Due to a low number of annual deaths, mortality data were analysed for both the entire period under study and for sub-periods. Temporal trends were first evaluated using age-adjusted mortality rates (AMRs) comparing each sub-period with the initial one. Then, the annual percent change in mortality was estimated through the joinpoint regression model. Spatial differences between 5 main geographical areas were evaluated using standardized mortality ratios (SMRs). Results During the study period, 4,959 deaths for males and 7,434 for females were observed. The higher overall AMR was observed for females (F:0.71 vs. M: 0.56 per 100,000 persons per year). Analysing mortality by gender and geographical area, SMRs 〈 100 were observed in South Italy for both sexes, and in Central Italy for males only, whereas SMRs 〉 100 for Islands for both sexes, and in North-East and North-West for females only. The analysis of the mortality trend through AMRs calculated for sub-periods revealed no difference between the first and the last period for males, whereas a significant increase in mortality was observed for females. The joinpoint regression analysis showed a significant decrease in mortality up to 1995 for males (APC -3.23%) and up to 1999 for females, (APC -1.01%), followed by a significant increase for both sexes, but more marked for females (APC +1.9% M, +2.34% F). Conclusion The increasing trend of mortality for MS, especially for females, may reflect the increase in the prevalence of MS and the improvement in the quality of diagnosis or coding of the cause of death.

ACS Style

Daiana Bezzini; Lucia Kundisova; Francesco Gori; Andrea Martini; Lucia Giovannetti; Giorgia Stoppa; Eisabetta Chellini; Monica Ulivelli; Nicola Nante; Gabriele Messina; Mario Alberto Battaglia. Mortality trend for multiple sclerosis in Italy during the period 1980–2015. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders 2020, 44, 102240 .

AMA Style

Daiana Bezzini, Lucia Kundisova, Francesco Gori, Andrea Martini, Lucia Giovannetti, Giorgia Stoppa, Eisabetta Chellini, Monica Ulivelli, Nicola Nante, Gabriele Messina, Mario Alberto Battaglia. Mortality trend for multiple sclerosis in Italy during the period 1980–2015. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders. 2020; 44 ():102240.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daiana Bezzini; Lucia Kundisova; Francesco Gori; Andrea Martini; Lucia Giovannetti; Giorgia Stoppa; Eisabetta Chellini; Monica Ulivelli; Nicola Nante; Gabriele Messina; Mario Alberto Battaglia. 2020. "Mortality trend for multiple sclerosis in Italy during the period 1980–2015." Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders 44, no. : 102240.

Review
Published: 13 March 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the effectiveness of various disinfection methods available for stethoscopes. In March 2019, we performed a search in PubMed and Scopus using the search terms: “reducing stethoscopes contamination” and “disinfection stethoscopes”; the Mesh terms used in PubMed were “Decontamination/methods” or “Disinfection/methods” and “Stethoscopes/microbiology”. Selection criteria were: English language; at least one disinfection method tested. A total of 253 publications were screened. After title, abstract, and full-text analysis, 17 papers were included in the systematic review. Ethanol at 90%, Ethanol-Based Hands Sanitizer (EBHS), triclosan, chlorhexidine, isopropyl alcohol, 66% ethyl alcohol, sodium hypochlorite, and benzalkonium chloride have been proven to lower the presence of bacteria on stethoscopes’ surfaces. In addition, alcohol wipes show effective results. A wearable device emitting ultraviolet C by Light-Emitting Diode (LED) resulted efficacious against common microorganisms involved in Healthcare Associated Infections. The cover impregnated with silver ions seemed to be associated with significantly higher colony counts. Instead, copper stethoscopes surface reduced bacterial load. The disinfection of stethoscopes appears to be essential. There are many valid methods available; the choice depends on various factors, such as the cost, availability, and practicality.

ACS Style

Margherita Napolitani; Daiana Bezzini; Fulvio Moirano; Corrado Bedogni; Gabriele Messina. Methods of Disinfecting Stethoscopes: Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 1856 .

AMA Style

Margherita Napolitani, Daiana Bezzini, Fulvio Moirano, Corrado Bedogni, Gabriele Messina. Methods of Disinfecting Stethoscopes: Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (6):1856.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Margherita Napolitani; Daiana Bezzini; Fulvio Moirano; Corrado Bedogni; Gabriele Messina. 2020. "Methods of Disinfecting Stethoscopes: Systematic Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 6: 1856.

Original article
Published: 23 December 2019 in Gynecological Endocrinology
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To evaluate the impact that hypothyroidism may have on the course of pregnancy and on neonatal outcome. This cross-sectional study consisting of 160 pregnant women (60 with hypothyroidism and 100 as control) who had been hospitalized at the Obstetrics and Gynecology of the University of Siena. The obstetric visit, the collection of anamnestic data and serum concentrations of TSH, FT4 and AbTPO were performed for each woman. Stratification of the population into two groups based on the BMI showed that there is an average difference of −0.88 before pregnancy BMI between healthy women and hypothyroid women. Moreover, with regard to the obstetric history, 8.7 times higher risk of abortion was found in hypothyroid women. About the current pregnancy in hypothyroid women, slight fetal growth delay, increased risk of premature rupture of membranes (PROM), and a higher risk of developing hypertension and gestational diabetes had been found. The importance of a more detailed anamnesis should be evaluated with greater attention at the beginning of pregnancy. This, in order to avoid the risks related to a hypothyroidism condition during pregnancy and to establish an early therapeutic treatment appropriate to the metabolic demands of each patient.

ACS Style

Stefano Luisi; Matteo Giorgi; Silvia Riggi; Gabriele Messina; Filiberto Maria Severi. Neonatal outcome in pregnancy hypotiroidee women. Gynecological Endocrinology 2019, 36, 772 -775.

AMA Style

Stefano Luisi, Matteo Giorgi, Silvia Riggi, Gabriele Messina, Filiberto Maria Severi. Neonatal outcome in pregnancy hypotiroidee women. Gynecological Endocrinology. 2019; 36 (9):772-775.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stefano Luisi; Matteo Giorgi; Silvia Riggi; Gabriele Messina; Filiberto Maria Severi. 2019. "Neonatal outcome in pregnancy hypotiroidee women." Gynecological Endocrinology 36, no. 9: 772-775.

Journal article
Published: 19 November 2019 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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In May 2018, the non-governmental organization (NGO) Doctors with Africa CUAMM began to implement an intervention to strengthen Chiulo Hospital’s public health section to deliver immunization services in Mucope Comuna, Ombadja District. We aimed to evaluate the effect of this intervention. During the intervention period, actions such as staff training, improvement in the monitoring of vaccine stockpile, and the involvement of Community Health Workers were performed. The effects of the intervention on the number of vaccine doses administered were examined using negative binomial regression. Doses administered were 14,221 during the intervention period and 11,276 in the pre-intervention one. The number of administered doses was 26% higher (95% CI 9%–45%) in the intervention period than in the pre-intervention period. This was driven by vaccine doses administered during outreach sessions, where a statistically significant increase of 62% (95% CI 28%–107%) was observed. Regarding individual vaccines, statistically significant increases in the number of doses were observed for OPV2 (76%), OPV3 (100%), Penta3 (53%), PCV3 (53%), and Rota2 (43%). The NGO interventions led to improved delivery of immunization services in the study area. Greater increases were observed for vaccine doses that are more likely to be missed by children.

ACS Style

Mattia Fattorini; Calistus Wilunda; Gloria Raguzzoni; Cecilia Quercioli; Gabriele Messina; Maria Pia Fantini; Giovanni Putoto. Strengthening Routine Immunization Services in an Angolan Comuna: The Fight against the Burden of Unvaccinated Children in the Sustainable Development Goals Era. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 4572 .

AMA Style

Mattia Fattorini, Calistus Wilunda, Gloria Raguzzoni, Cecilia Quercioli, Gabriele Messina, Maria Pia Fantini, Giovanni Putoto. Strengthening Routine Immunization Services in an Angolan Comuna: The Fight against the Burden of Unvaccinated Children in the Sustainable Development Goals Era. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (22):4572.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mattia Fattorini; Calistus Wilunda; Gloria Raguzzoni; Cecilia Quercioli; Gabriele Messina; Maria Pia Fantini; Giovanni Putoto. 2019. "Strengthening Routine Immunization Services in an Angolan Comuna: The Fight against the Burden of Unvaccinated Children in the Sustainable Development Goals Era." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 22: 4572.

Systematic review
Published: 01 November 2019 in Journal of Medical Microbiology
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Introduction.Kocuria kristinae is becoming a growing public health challenge, especially for its ability to cause infections in immunocompromised patients. This bacterium is a Gram+coccus, catalase+, coagulase, and it is a common inhabitant of skin and oral mucosa.Aim. To investigate the spectrum of infections caused by K.Kristinae.Methodology. Between January-March 2018, we carried out a systematic search in PubMed utilizing the key search term 'Kocuria kristinae'. The selection criteria for studies were studies reporting cases of human infections due to K. kristinae, case-control and cohort studies and studies published in English or Spanish.Results. The literature search yielded 48 publications: after title, abstract and full-text analysis, 20 papers were consistent with the selection criteria. These studies were carried out in the period 2001-2017 in the USA, Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Ukraine, Egypt, Bahrain, Serbia, India, Italy, Spain, Turkey and Mexico. K. kristinae was involved in 17 cases of central venous catheter-related bacteremia, four infective endocarditis, three acute peritonitis, one abdominal abscess, umbilical sepsis, acute cholecystitis and urinary tract infection. Additionally, K. kristinae was found in 40 % of carious cavities, although it is not clear whether they are directly involved in the development of caries. Antibiotic susceptibility testing has sometimes revealed multi-drug resistance.Conclusions. The clinical spectrum of K. kristinae infections has recently widened. The increasing spread of this underestimated bacterium and its resistance to antibiotics represent a new challenge for public health, which requires specific actions to limit it.

ACS Style

M. Napolitani; G. Troiano; C. Bedogni; Gabriele Messina; N. Nante. Kocuria kristinae: an emerging pathogen in medical practice. Journal of Medical Microbiology 2019, 68, 1596 -1603.

AMA Style

M. Napolitani, G. Troiano, C. Bedogni, Gabriele Messina, N. Nante. Kocuria kristinae: an emerging pathogen in medical practice. Journal of Medical Microbiology. 2019; 68 (11):1596-1603.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Napolitani; G. Troiano; C. Bedogni; Gabriele Messina; N. Nante. 2019. "Kocuria kristinae: an emerging pathogen in medical practice." Journal of Medical Microbiology 68, no. 11: 1596-1603.

Journal article
Published: 03 July 2019
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ACS Style

Alice Mannocci; Daniele Mipatrini; Gianmarco Troiano; Federico Milazzo; Elisa Langiano; Maria Ferrara; Alberto Firenze; Sandro Provenzano; Maria Rosaria Gualano; Maria Fiore; Giovanni Boccia; Gabriele Messina; Elisabetta De Vito; Roberta Siliquini; Paolo Villari; Giuseppe La Torre. The impact of pictorial health warnings on tobacco products in smokers behaviours and knowledge: the first quasi-experimental field trial after the implementation of the tobacco law in Italy. 2019, 55, 186 -194.

AMA Style

Alice Mannocci, Daniele Mipatrini, Gianmarco Troiano, Federico Milazzo, Elisa Langiano, Maria Ferrara, Alberto Firenze, Sandro Provenzano, Maria Rosaria Gualano, Maria Fiore, Giovanni Boccia, Gabriele Messina, Elisabetta De Vito, Roberta Siliquini, Paolo Villari, Giuseppe La Torre. The impact of pictorial health warnings on tobacco products in smokers behaviours and knowledge: the first quasi-experimental field trial after the implementation of the tobacco law in Italy. . 2019; 55 (2):186-194.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alice Mannocci; Daniele Mipatrini; Gianmarco Troiano; Federico Milazzo; Elisa Langiano; Maria Ferrara; Alberto Firenze; Sandro Provenzano; Maria Rosaria Gualano; Maria Fiore; Giovanni Boccia; Gabriele Messina; Elisabetta De Vito; Roberta Siliquini; Paolo Villari; Giuseppe La Torre. 2019. "The impact of pictorial health warnings on tobacco products in smokers behaviours and knowledge: the first quasi-experimental field trial after the implementation of the tobacco law in Italy." 55, no. 2: 186-194.

Journal article
Published: 03 July 2019
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ACS Style

Viviana Turchi; Agnese Verzuri; Nicola Nante; Margherita Napolitani; Gianluca Bugnoli; Filiberto Maria Severi; Cecilia Quercioli; Gabriele Messina. Night work and quality of life. A study on the health of nurses. 2019, 55, 161 -169.

AMA Style

Viviana Turchi, Agnese Verzuri, Nicola Nante, Margherita Napolitani, Gianluca Bugnoli, Filiberto Maria Severi, Cecilia Quercioli, Gabriele Messina. Night work and quality of life. A study on the health of nurses. . 2019; 55 (2):161-169.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Viviana Turchi; Agnese Verzuri; Nicola Nante; Margherita Napolitani; Gianluca Bugnoli; Filiberto Maria Severi; Cecilia Quercioli; Gabriele Messina. 2019. "Night work and quality of life. A study on the health of nurses." 55, no. 2: 161-169.

Journal article
Published: 30 May 2019 in Journal of Infection and Public Health
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Control of airborne microbial contamination is important in operating rooms (ORs). To keep airborne contamination low, guidelines should highlight the importance of air turnover. The aims of the study were: (1) to verify the association between air turnover and airborne contamination in ORs; and (2) to identify a statistical relationship between air turnover and airborne microbial contamination. A cross sectional study was carried out from November 2014 to July 2017 in the teaching Hospital of Siena. Nineteen ORs (14 with turbulent and 5 with laminar flow ventilation) were surveyed a total of 59 times under operating conditions. Air samples were collected with an air sampler. Petri dishes, incubated at 36 °C for 48 h, were used to quantify colony forming units in the samples (CFU). The data was transformed to evaluate several statistically significant nonlinear associations between air turnover, quantified as air changes per hour (ACH) and CFU per cubic meter of air (p < 0.05). A log-linear regression model provided the best fit between ACH and CFU for laminar (p = 0.013; R2 = 0.3911) and turbulent flow systems (p = 0.002; R2 = 0.3443). The corresponding model was: ln(CFU) = (a − b*ACH), where the regression parameters were estimated at a = 4.02 and b = 0.037 for laminar flow and a = 5.24 and b = 0.067 for turbulent flow. Italian guidelines indicate microbial load limits of 20 and 180 CFU/m3 for operating rooms with laminar and turbulent flow ventilation, respectively. The model allowed us to evaluate the minimum number of ACHs to keep CFU within these limits. Ad hoc measurements in other environments can be used to calibrate the relationship between ACH and CFU.

ACS Style

Niccolò Vonci; Maria F. De Marco; Anna Grasso; Giuseppe Spataro; Gabriele Cevenini; Gabriele Messina. Association between air changes and airborne microbial contamination in operating rooms. Journal of Infection and Public Health 2019, 12, 827 -830.

AMA Style

Niccolò Vonci, Maria F. De Marco, Anna Grasso, Giuseppe Spataro, Gabriele Cevenini, Gabriele Messina. Association between air changes and airborne microbial contamination in operating rooms. Journal of Infection and Public Health. 2019; 12 (6):827-830.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Niccolò Vonci; Maria F. De Marco; Anna Grasso; Giuseppe Spataro; Gabriele Cevenini; Gabriele Messina. 2019. "Association between air changes and airborne microbial contamination in operating rooms." Journal of Infection and Public Health 12, no. 6: 827-830.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2018 in Public Health
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Risk adjustment is a widely used tool for health expenditure prediction and control. Early approaches for estimating health expenditure were based on patient demographic variables alone, whereas more recent models incorporate patient information, such as chronic medical conditions, clinical diagnoses, and self-reported health status. Many studies have investigated the health expenditure predictive capacity of single demographic, morbidity, or health-related quality of life measures, but the best models prove to be those that include them all. The aim of this study was to develop an index that combines measures of perceived health and disease severity and to compare its efficacy in predicting health expenditure with that of the measures taken individually. This is a linked cross-sectional study. In 2009 and 2010, the health-related quality of life questionnaire SF-36 (8 scales, two indices: Physical Component Summary [PCS] and Mental Component Summary [MCS]) was distributed to 886 patients of general practitioners in the Province of Siena, Italy. Severity of diseases was calculated for each patient using the Charlson Index (CH-I) and Cumulative Illness Rating Scale Severity Index (CIRS-SI). Siena Local Health Unit 2012 data on health expenditure were obtained for each patient. Multivariate linear regression was applied to test the performance of severity (CH-I, CIRS-SI) and perceived health (PCS and MCS) measures in predicting health expenditure. The indexes that predicted health expenditure best were then combined in a new tool, and its expenditure predictive capacity was tested. The best health expenditure predictors proved to be PCS and SI (R2 = 0.15 and R2 = 0.17, respectively). When combined in a new index (PCS-SI), better predictive capacity of health expenditure was obtained than with the two single measures separately (R2 = 0.19). A multidimensional indicator proved to be a better predictor of healthcare expenditure than single health measures.

ACS Style

C. Quercioli; F. Nisticò; G. Troiano; M. Maccari; G. Messina; M. Barducci; G. Carriero; D. Golinelli; N. Nante. Developing a new predictor of health expenditure: preliminary results from a primary healthcare setting. Public Health 2018, 163, 121 -127.

AMA Style

C. Quercioli, F. Nisticò, G. Troiano, M. Maccari, G. Messina, M. Barducci, G. Carriero, D. Golinelli, N. Nante. Developing a new predictor of health expenditure: preliminary results from a primary healthcare setting. Public Health. 2018; 163 ():121-127.

Chicago/Turabian Style

C. Quercioli; F. Nisticò; G. Troiano; M. Maccari; G. Messina; M. Barducci; G. Carriero; D. Golinelli; N. Nante. 2018. "Developing a new predictor of health expenditure: preliminary results from a primary healthcare setting." Public Health 163, no. : 121-127.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2018 in Giornale italiano di nefrologia : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di nefrologia
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ACS Style

Gianmarco Troiano; Gabriele Messina; Elisabetta Zanieri; Valeria Li Donni; Nicola Nante; Lea Magisti; Maria Beatrice Pulci; Fabrizio Niccolini. [Microbiological quality of hemodialysis water: what are the risk factors?]. Giornale italiano di nefrologia : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di nefrologia 2018, 35, 1 .

AMA Style

Gianmarco Troiano, Gabriele Messina, Elisabetta Zanieri, Valeria Li Donni, Nicola Nante, Lea Magisti, Maria Beatrice Pulci, Fabrizio Niccolini. [Microbiological quality of hemodialysis water: what are the risk factors?]. Giornale italiano di nefrologia : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di nefrologia. 2018; 35 (5):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gianmarco Troiano; Gabriele Messina; Elisabetta Zanieri; Valeria Li Donni; Nicola Nante; Lea Magisti; Maria Beatrice Pulci; Fabrizio Niccolini. 2018. "[Microbiological quality of hemodialysis water: what are the risk factors?]." Giornale italiano di nefrologia : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di nefrologia 35, no. 5: 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2018 in Journal of Hospital Infection
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Nosocomial outbreaks due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB) represent a serious concern for healthcare facilities worldwide. The European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net) in 2016 reported combined resistance to multiple antimicrobial groups for Klebsiellla pneumoniae [1]. Moreover, despite a low European percentage of surveillance isolates resistant to carbapenems, countries like Italy and Greece showed an alarming diffusion of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP): in these scenarios, few therapeutic drugs such as colistin remain available, but even for this antibiotic the emergence of resistant strains represent a serious threat.

ACS Style

M. Fattorini; D. Rosadini; G. Messina; C. Basagni; A. Tinturini; M.F. De Marco. A multi-disciplinary educational programme for the management of a carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae outbreak: an Italian experience. Journal of Hospital Infection 2018, 99, 427 -428.

AMA Style

M. Fattorini, D. Rosadini, G. Messina, C. Basagni, A. Tinturini, M.F. De Marco. A multi-disciplinary educational programme for the management of a carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae outbreak: an Italian experience. Journal of Hospital Infection. 2018; 99 (4):427-428.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Fattorini; D. Rosadini; G. Messina; C. Basagni; A. Tinturini; M.F. De Marco. 2018. "A multi-disciplinary educational programme for the management of a carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae outbreak: an Italian experience." Journal of Hospital Infection 99, no. 4: 427-428.

Journal article
Published: 18 July 2018 in Infection, Disease & Health
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The stethoscope is the most widely used instrument in healthcare. Studies have found similar rates of contamination on the stethoscope diaphragm and on physician fingertips after a single examination. Our aim was to test the effectiveness of an innovative portable device for disinfecting stethoscope membranes. From November 2016 to May 2017, a cross-sectional study was conducted in four wards of a private clinic: General Ward (GW), Internal Medicine Ward (IMW), Post-Operative Observation Ward (POW) and Permanent Vegetative State Ward (PVSW). Five wearable medical devices, designed to disinfect stethoscope membranes automatically by means of UV-C radiation, were provided to operators. Spot checks were made for microbial counts of stethoscope membranes, classified as treated or otherwise on the basis of whether they were found coupled or otherwise with the devices. The percentage reduction in colony forming units (CFU) was calculated between the two groups. The number of tests of stethoscopes treated with the device was 116 out of 272. Untreated samples had a mean contamination of 132.2 CFU versus 6.9 CFU of treated samples: a 94.8% reduction (95% CI 91.3%–97.7). Highly significant statistical differences in CFU were found between untreated and treated membranes (p < 0.001). In particular, microbial contamination showed a reduction of 88.7% (CI 77.5%–96.05%) in PVSW, 95.9% (CI 88.2%–98.5%) in GW, 84.5% (CI 76.4%–90.5%) in IMW and 95.8% (CI 90.3%–98.1%) in POW. The devices proved effective and efficient in reducing the microbial load of stethoscope membranes. Wearing the device on the coat may act as a reminder of the need for hygiene.

ACS Style

Gabriele Messina; Giuseppe Spataro; Daniele Rosadini; Sandra Burgassi; Lorenzo Mariani; Marco Tani; Gabriele Cevenini. A novel approach to stethoscope hygiene: A coat-pocket innovation. Infection, Disease & Health 2018, 23, 211 -216.

AMA Style

Gabriele Messina, Giuseppe Spataro, Daniele Rosadini, Sandra Burgassi, Lorenzo Mariani, Marco Tani, Gabriele Cevenini. A novel approach to stethoscope hygiene: A coat-pocket innovation. Infection, Disease & Health. 2018; 23 (4):211-216.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriele Messina; Giuseppe Spataro; Daniele Rosadini; Sandra Burgassi; Lorenzo Mariani; Marco Tani; Gabriele Cevenini. 2018. "A novel approach to stethoscope hygiene: A coat-pocket innovation." Infection, Disease & Health 23, no. 4: 211-216.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2018 in American Journal of Infection Control
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Background: Smartphones have been demonstrated to carry an high load of microorganism, including pathogenic one, and are rarely disinfected. Their constant and common adoption, at population level, made them a source of potential Acquired Hospital Infection (ICA). Aim of the research is to verify the effectiveness of a pocket UV-C irradiation system for disinfecting smartphone.

ACS Style

Giuseppe Spataro; Sandra Burgassi; Gabriele Cevenini; Nicola Nante; Marco Tani; Gabriele Messina. Smartphone or Crossphone: Contamination at Hand. American Journal of Infection Control 2018, 46, S32 .

AMA Style

Giuseppe Spataro, Sandra Burgassi, Gabriele Cevenini, Nicola Nante, Marco Tani, Gabriele Messina. Smartphone or Crossphone: Contamination at Hand. American Journal of Infection Control. 2018; 46 (6):S32.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giuseppe Spataro; Sandra Burgassi; Gabriele Cevenini; Nicola Nante; Marco Tani; Gabriele Messina. 2018. "Smartphone or Crossphone: Contamination at Hand." American Journal of Infection Control 46, no. 6: S32.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2018 in American Journal of Infection Control
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Background: It has been widely reported that various species of pathogens could survive for long periods on medical equipment. These microorganisms can be directly transferred to the patients by contact of contaminated devices or indirectly via the hands of healthcare workers, and consequently being involved in the diffusion of Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs). Among medical equipment, neonatal incubators have been recognised as a reservoir of potentially life-threating pathogens. Aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of a protocol for the disinfection of neonatal incubators in a clinical setting.

ACS Style

Mattia Fattorini; Sandra Burgassi; Rosa Maria Rita Cardaci; Daniele Lenzi; Giuseppe Buonocore; Klaus Peter Biermann; Gabriele Cevenini; Gabriele Messina. Microbiological Safety of Neonatal Incubators in Hospital Settings. American Journal of Infection Control 2018, 46, S33 .

AMA Style

Mattia Fattorini, Sandra Burgassi, Rosa Maria Rita Cardaci, Daniele Lenzi, Giuseppe Buonocore, Klaus Peter Biermann, Gabriele Cevenini, Gabriele Messina. Microbiological Safety of Neonatal Incubators in Hospital Settings. American Journal of Infection Control. 2018; 46 (6):S33.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mattia Fattorini; Sandra Burgassi; Rosa Maria Rita Cardaci; Daniele Lenzi; Giuseppe Buonocore; Klaus Peter Biermann; Gabriele Cevenini; Gabriele Messina. 2018. "Microbiological Safety of Neonatal Incubators in Hospital Settings." American Journal of Infection Control 46, no. 6: S33.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2018 in American Journal of Infection Control
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Background: Airborne microbial contamination (AMC), measured in Colony Forming Units (CFUs)/m3, is an important parameter to observe for safety air in Operating Theater (OT). To maintain low AMC, several guidelines highlight the importance to maintain a certain number of Air Changes/h (ACH) although they only considering this parameter and not other ventilation aspects that may influence AMC. The aims of the study are: i) to verify the associations between the number of ACH and the CFUs in OT air; II) to identify a statistical relationship between ACH and AMC.

ACS Style

Niccolò Vonci; Giuseppe Spataro; Maria Francesca De Marco; Nicola Nante; Gabriele Cevenini; Gabriele Messina. Guidelines Versus Measurements in Real Setting: Modelling Microbial Airborne Contamination and Air Flow in Operating Theaters. American Journal of Infection Control 2018, 46, S70 -S71.

AMA Style

Niccolò Vonci, Giuseppe Spataro, Maria Francesca De Marco, Nicola Nante, Gabriele Cevenini, Gabriele Messina. Guidelines Versus Measurements in Real Setting: Modelling Microbial Airborne Contamination and Air Flow in Operating Theaters. American Journal of Infection Control. 2018; 46 (6):S70-S71.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Niccolò Vonci; Giuseppe Spataro; Maria Francesca De Marco; Nicola Nante; Gabriele Cevenini; Gabriele Messina. 2018. "Guidelines Versus Measurements in Real Setting: Modelling Microbial Airborne Contamination and Air Flow in Operating Theaters." American Journal of Infection Control 46, no. 6: S70-S71.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2018 in American Journal of Infection Control
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Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) represent a Public Health threat worldwide. Surveillance of HAIs is enlisted by the European Center for Disease Control (ECDC) as a critical measure to prevent them. Purposes of this study are: I) to evaluate the trend of HAIs and antimicrobial (AM) use between 2012 and 2017; II) to assess the comparability of the estimates of the ECDC 2011-2012 report on HAIs and AM use.

ACS Style

Marco Golfera; Fabrizio Toscano; Gabriele Messina; Daniele Lenzi; Angelarita Tinturini; Simonella Brandani; Barbara Rita Porchia; Maria Francesca De Marco. Poin Prevalence Surveys of Healthcare-Associated Infections: A Tertiary Hospital. American Journal of Infection Control 2018, 46, S19 .

AMA Style

Marco Golfera, Fabrizio Toscano, Gabriele Messina, Daniele Lenzi, Angelarita Tinturini, Simonella Brandani, Barbara Rita Porchia, Maria Francesca De Marco. Poin Prevalence Surveys of Healthcare-Associated Infections: A Tertiary Hospital. American Journal of Infection Control. 2018; 46 (6):S19.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Golfera; Fabrizio Toscano; Gabriele Messina; Daniele Lenzi; Angelarita Tinturini; Simonella Brandani; Barbara Rita Porchia; Maria Francesca De Marco. 2018. "Poin Prevalence Surveys of Healthcare-Associated Infections: A Tertiary Hospital." American Journal of Infection Control 46, no. 6: S19.

Journal article
Published: 03 April 2018 in Health Care for Women International
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Researchers' aim was to investigate if patients/physicians characteristics could differently affect males/females health care expenditure. In 2009/2010, a health-related-quality-of-life (HRQL) measure was distributed to 887 general practitioners' (GP) patients in Siena's province-Italy. Severity of diseases was calculated through Cumulative Illness Rating Scale Severity Index (CIRS-SI). Information about GPs' gender and age and patients' gender, age, and socio-economic variables were recorded. 2012 data about pharmaceutical, outpatient and hospital expenditure were obtained. Multivariate regression was carried out. In males, hospital expenditure increased with higher CIRS-SI and female GP whilst in females it was not influenced by any of the variables. Outpatient and pharmaceutical expenditure increased with aging, higher CIRS-SI, and lower HRQL and education, both in males and females. Gender differences in health expenditure determinants emerged for hospital expenditure.

ACS Style

Cecilia Quercioli; Francesca Nisticò; Gabriele Messina; Mauro Maccari; Massimo Barducci; Giovanni Carriero; Nicola Nante. Gender differences in health expenditure determinants: A follow-up study. Health Care for Women International 2018, 40, 33 -46.

AMA Style

Cecilia Quercioli, Francesca Nisticò, Gabriele Messina, Mauro Maccari, Massimo Barducci, Giovanni Carriero, Nicola Nante. Gender differences in health expenditure determinants: A follow-up study. Health Care for Women International. 2018; 40 (1):33-46.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cecilia Quercioli; Francesca Nisticò; Gabriele Messina; Mauro Maccari; Massimo Barducci; Giovanni Carriero; Nicola Nante. 2018. "Gender differences in health expenditure determinants: A follow-up study." Health Care for Women International 40, no. 1: 33-46.

Journal article
Published: 22 March 2018 in Journal of Infection and Public Health
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Background The role of environmental cleaning as an effective measure to contain the diffusion of Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs) has already been demonstrated. Among medical devices, neonatal incubators have been recognized as a source of pathogens involved in the spread of HAIs. Aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of a disinfection protocol for neonatal incubators. Methods The cross sectional study took place in the "Neonatal Pediatric Unit" of the Teaching Hospital of Siena: twenty incubators, used for critical newborns, were swabbed in 13 sampling points before and after the implementation of the disinfection protocol. Sanitation procedures were performed by trained staff, implementing the product Umonium38® Neutralis as disinfectant. Different culture media for the identification of the microbial contamination were adopted: plates were incubated for the proper time and the results were referred to Colony Forming Units (CFUs)/swab per point. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. It was also evaluated the 95% confidence interval (C.I.) of the mean and the percentage of CFUs reduction by the bootstrap bias corrected and accelerated resampling method. Results Matched points analyzed were 313. The average CFUs percentage of reduction was 93.5% [C.I. 90.6–95.9%]: it was higher, 97.0% [C.I. 94.1–99.1%], in points placed inside the incubators structure compared to the 88.4% [C.I. 83.6–93.0%] obtained outside. Conclusion The disinfection protocol achieved good results. Routine surveillance and supervision of the various aspects of the disinfection processes (procedures, staff and disinfectants) could guarantee a safe environment during the first days of babies' life, avoiding harmful conditions for the newborns' health.

ACS Style

Mattia Fattorini; Giuseppe Buonocore; Daniele Lenzi; Sandra Burgassi; Rosa M.R. Cardaci; Klaus P. Biermann; Gabriele Cevenini; Gabriele Messina. Public Health since the beginning: Neonatal incubators safety in a clinical setting. Journal of Infection and Public Health 2018, 11, 788 -792.

AMA Style

Mattia Fattorini, Giuseppe Buonocore, Daniele Lenzi, Sandra Burgassi, Rosa M.R. Cardaci, Klaus P. Biermann, Gabriele Cevenini, Gabriele Messina. Public Health since the beginning: Neonatal incubators safety in a clinical setting. Journal of Infection and Public Health. 2018; 11 (6):788-792.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mattia Fattorini; Giuseppe Buonocore; Daniele Lenzi; Sandra Burgassi; Rosa M.R. Cardaci; Klaus P. Biermann; Gabriele Cevenini; Gabriele Messina. 2018. "Public Health since the beginning: Neonatal incubators safety in a clinical setting." Journal of Infection and Public Health 11, no. 6: 788-792.

Original article
Published: 23 October 2017 in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
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Induction of labour (IOL) is a widely-used practice in obstetrics. Our aim was to evaluate predictors of vaginal delivery in postdate pregnancies induced with prostaglandins. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study with analytic component. A total of 145 women, admitted for IOL after the 41st week of gestation, were induced with a vaginal pessary releasing prostaglandins. Type of delivery, whether vaginal or caesarean, was the outcome. Several maternal and foetal variables were investigated. The Kaplan–Maier curves, monovariate and a multivariate logistic regression were carried out. In our population, 80.7% of women had vaginal delivery after the induction. Multiparity and a high Bishop score at the beginning of the IOL were protective factors for a vaginal delivery (respectively OR 0.16, p = .028 and OR 0.62, p = .034) while age >35 years, and the foetal birth weight >3500 g at the birth, resulted in being risk factors for caesarean section (respectively OR 4.20, p = .006 and OR 3.63, p = .013).

ACS Style

Laura Batinelli; Andrea Serafini; Nicola Nante; Felice Petraglia; Filiberto Maria Severi; Gabriele Messina. Induction of labour: clinical predictive factors for success and failure. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2017, 38, 352 -358.

AMA Style

Laura Batinelli, Andrea Serafini, Nicola Nante, Felice Petraglia, Filiberto Maria Severi, Gabriele Messina. Induction of labour: clinical predictive factors for success and failure. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2017; 38 (3):352-358.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laura Batinelli; Andrea Serafini; Nicola Nante; Felice Petraglia; Filiberto Maria Severi; Gabriele Messina. 2017. "Induction of labour: clinical predictive factors for success and failure." Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 38, no. 3: 352-358.