Inadequate physical activity (PA) among university students, a growing concern, hinders their holistic health development and the formation of healthy habits. Current evidence regarding the impact of interventions to promote PA in this group remains inconclusive. Through a systematic review and meta-analysis, this study aims to evaluate the efficacy of PA interventions in promoting PA among university students. A search of six electronic databases up to 30 June 2023 was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing PA interventions in university students. Thirty-one RCTs were included for systematic review and meta-analysis. The eligible studies’ quality was assessed via the Cochrane Collaboration tool for evaluating the risk of bias. The results indicated a significant increase in total PA (TPA), moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), and step counts at post-intervention compared to control groups, with effect sizes approaching large for MVPA and an increase of 19,245 steps per week. TPA also showed significant improvements during follow-up periods from three weeks to 12 months. Subgroup analyses revealed significant intervention effects across all subgroups, with the subgroups of post-COVID and sample sizes ≤100 showing larger effect sizes within their respective group. This review identified that interventions could enhance TPA, MVPA, and step counts among university students, with sustainable effects on TPA, while further research is needed for other outcomes. The university environment is conducive to PA interventions, and future interventions integrating e-health with in-person modes, coupled with matched theories and behavior change techniques, show promise. This review protocol has been registered on the platform of the International Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, CRD42023486749).

MATEC Web of Conferences, open access proceedings in Materials science, Engineering and Chemistry

Youths are a dominant cluster in Malaysia’s population. They need to be resilient as they are the anchor of our country’s development. Resilience is often associated with Adversity Quotient (AQ). There are many instruments developed across contexts and countries; however, good validity and reliability in measuring the AQ of youths are still scarce. Therefore, this study seeks to examine whether the items developed for the Malaysian Youth Adversity Quotient Instrument (MY-AQi) in measuring AQ within the context of Malaysian youths managed to manifest good psychometric properties using Rasch analysis. Apart from that, this study aims to measure the construct validity of the MY-AQi items using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Four constructs of AQ were established, namely control, ownership, reach, and endurance. A total of 1000 youths were assigned using stratified random sampling from five zones in Malaysia: northern, western, southern, Borneo, and eastern. Analysis from WINSTEPS 3.71 has revealed that 27 items were able to meet Rasch statistical modeling, while CFA has shown that 12 AQ measuring items could function well. The findings of this study demonstrated the strengths of the psychometric aspects by combining Rasch and CFA analysis to prove item quality and construct stability. Future studies should endeavor to develop more items to establish better youth profiles and combine AQ with other appropriate variables, such as achievement and demography. Nevertheless, some limitations can be scrutinized including a report on the more in-depth errors in the analysis conducted.