This study examines the impact of the US-China trade war on Chinese exports. Using the monthly export data from January 2017 to October 2022 with a Difference-in-Differences (DID) model, our findings show: First, before the trade war, export trends in China and the control group (the EU, South Korea, Japan, ASEAN, and India) were similar. Second, the trade war dramatically reduced China’s exports to the US, with tariff rises cited as the principal cause. Third, the robustness of our finding was established using a placebo test with 500 random samples. Our policy recommendations include leveraging multilateral negotiation mechanisms, accelerating industrial upgrading, and optimizing trade strategies to address the root causes of trade frictions effectively. JEL Classification: F13, F14, F62.

The sudden switch to emergency remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic posed many challenges for learners, but it also provided the opportunity to research these challenges. This study empirically examines the relationships of the contextual challenges of emergency remote learning with future preference for e-learning, as well as moderating effects of learning outcomes on future preference for e-learning of undergraduates during the closure of Higher Education Institutions. Participants were drawn from two universities in Malaysia practising emergency remote learning during the survey period. Underpinned by the literature, the challenges of emergency remote learning and future preference for e-learning were operationalised into items reflective of each factor. In total, 352 valid responses were collected via a self-administered questionnaire hosted on Google Forms, and responses were analysed with Eviews statistical software. In this study, the significant challenges associated with future preference for e-learning, in descending order, were disadvantages (negative), learning outcomes, and advantages. Additionally, the interaction between learning outcomes and disadvantages has a positive relationship, reversing the original negative relationship of disadvantages with future preference for e-learning. Sustainability of higher education in times of crisis is critical. This study provides valuable insights concerning the importance of achieving learning outcomes in order to support sustainable higher education using emergency remote learning during similar future crises.

This book explores Malaysia’s experience during the COVID-19 pandemic, analyzing the profound economic and societal challenges faced from 2020 to 2022. The coverage of Malaysia’s post-pandemic recovery provides valuable insights into ongoing global issues. Contributors to this book address a wide range of topics, including unemployment, monetary and trade policies, tourism, human capital development, and women’s labor participation. They also examine the rise of the gig economy, poverty alleviation efforts, and social safety nets. By presenting model applications and empirical research, the book offers data-driven policy advice to handle challenges that arise from pandemics, such as rising inflation, supply chain disruptions, disparities and sustainability issues. This book will interest academics and researchers in the field of econometrics, Asian economics and Malaysian studies. It will also act as a useful guide for NGOs, practitioners, public administrators, and economic policymakers involved in post-COVID-19 economic revival and policy development. <!----> <!----> <!----> <!---->

This chapter examines the role of financial development on foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in ASEAN-5 countries over the period of 1980–2017. The ASEAN-5 countries include Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Singapore, and the Philippines. The panel cointegration of second generation is used in order to address the existence of economic integration among ASEAN-5 as proven in cross-sectional dependency test. The results from fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) and cross-sectional dependency autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL) consistently shows that the financial development has a nonlinear relationship with FDI of U-shape, whereby the financial development will benefit the FDI after it beyond the threshold point at 70% of total GDP. Investors will make decision based on the financial status as shown in the financial accounting report, whereby the quality of financial accounting representing transparent information that leads on reducing asymmetric information between investor and the financial institutions in host countries. In addition, the causality analysis based on panel vector error correction model (VECM) confirms the presence of both long-run relationship and short-run dynamic among FDI, financial development, consumer price index, and real gross domestic product per capita.