Emergency departments (EDs) are the most challenging ward with respect to patient delay. The goal of this study is to present strategies that have proven to reduce delay and overcrowding in EDs. In this review article, initial electronic database search resulted in a total of 1006 articles. Thirty articles were included after reviewing full texts. Inclusion criteria were assessments of real patient flows and implementing strategies inside the hospitals. In this study, we discussed strategies of team triage, point-of-care testing, ideal ED patient journey models, streaming, and fast track. Patients might be directed to different streaming channels depending on clinical status and required practitioners. The most comprehensive strategy is ideal ED patient journey models, in which ten interrelated substrategies are provided. ED leaders should apply strategies that provide a continuous care process without deeply depending on external services.

Introduction: The quality of communication skills of health care providers has a significant impact on patient treatment consequences. Aims: The present research has been conducted to check the relationship of communication skills on the rate of patients’ satisfaction in the clinics of one of the hospitals in Isfahan. Settings and Design: The checking list was completed by the researcher in the clinics by using the comments of patients or their relatives. Sampling was performed by using the regular random sampling method. Materials and Methods: This research was a descriptive-analytical study. The used tool was a standard checking list for evaluating the patients’ satisfaction and also the researcher-made checking list for the measurement of effective communication skills. Statistical Analysis: The researcher-made checking list for the measurement of effective communication skills was confirmed by the experts with the face validity, structure, content, and reliability (α =87%). After visiting the patient by the physician, the mentioned list was filled by using the patients’ comments, and the collected data was analyzed by SPSS software version 16 with calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient and α2. Results: The study showed that there was a significant relationship between the application of communication skills in the five areas of verbal, body language, effective communicating, establishment, patient privacy and patient participation, except for eye communication of the physician with patients’ satisfaction (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Using the communication skills by physicians is associated with patients’ satisfaction, and it is the cause of increasing the acceptance of the physician by the patient. Therefore, it is suggested that the opportunity to improve the communication skills should be provided in addition to clinical skills in continuing education programs for the medical community.

Companies recently have increased the focus on performing social responsibilities. Charitable aids are one dimension of corporate social responsibility. In this regard, following the COVID-19 epidemic in Iran, private sectors (PSs) offer some assistance in wider and coherent cooperation. Therefore, PSs’ association created a campaign, where donations were allocated based on the need priorities. The campaign revived the missing link between the public and the private sectors and the NGOs (non-Governmental Organisations), and forward to achieving the goals of sustainable development.

OBJECTIVES: This study discussed about challenges and opportunities of institutional accreditation in Iranian medical universities. The lesson learned of the first round of the accreditation would direct initiatives and solutions for future accreditation. METHODOLOGY: This research is a qualitative content analysis research that studied the experience of the survey visit teams. Semistructured interviews with a purposive sampling approach were done to reach data saturation. Constant comparative method was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The emergent themes were incompatible scheduling with accreditation workload, accreditation sustainability, the weakness of the survey instrument, advantage of the survey instrument, the quality of evaluators' survey, the opportunity of progress for universities, accreditation perspective, defendable cost opportunity, perceived injustice, and the leading strategies. In this study, the relationship between categories and themes was shown with a systematic approach. CONCLUSION: In medical education systems, it is necessary to continue the research and development studies using the findings in each accreditation period to achieve the prospect of international accreditation.

BACKGROUND: The awareness of the elderly needs and assisting requirement should be added to education and preparedness disaster plans. In this study, we want to reach a comprehensive training program considering goals, objectives, time, budgeting, target group, syllabus, educational strategy, and teaching methods for CBOs interested and being served elders in disasters. METHODS AND MATERIALS: This qualitative study has been done via interviews with key informants in CBHOs and NGOs and the ministry of health agents in Iran. Besides, content analysis of the documents and instructions provided by the government to direct partnerships with NGOs was reviewed, and focus discussion group to conduct a deductive content analysis research. All data were analyzed with MAXQDA 18. RESULTS: Content analysis reached two main goals and seven objectives. The first goal refers to the fact that an educational program should direct not only subjects concerning disasters' effects on the aging population, but also discerning elders' different needs, giving priority to the supply of the basic needs of elders, and looking ahead the physical and mental problems of the elders. The second goal refers to relief skills that CBHOs stakeholders need to obtain for serving elders in a disaster through participating in various exercises. CONCLUSIONS: The results can guide community-based stakeholders in considering all the needs of the elderly during disasters and teaching all the syllabus of this research would reduce the adverse effects of disasters on the elderly.

The quality of emergency services is one of the indicators describing the health status of countries. Moreover, the specialization of services and targeted response to any accident or disease has been the priority of pre-hospital emergency operations in some leading countries. This study aimed to compare the special services provided in the emergency department of several selected countries. This was a comparative study that was done in Isfahan in 2022. Data were collected by reviewing the literature provided by libraries and emergency websites of selected countries. We selected countries based on the accessibility of information in two groups of developed countries and countries with the same income and population as Iran including Germany, France, The United States, Australia, Britain, Malaysia, and Turkey. Data were classified and compared based on staff, vehicles, and specialized services. Emergency staffs in most countries were of different skill and training levels. Ambulances varied in equipment types in various land, air, and sea forms and dimensions. Developed countries had more modern ambulances and equipment. France and Germany were operating more especially. Specialized teams are dispatched only in the United States and Germany. Existing studies have shown the adequacy and effectiveness of these teams in reducing complications and mortality and improving the prognosis of patients. The use of specialized teams appropriate to each emergency based on the specific and targeted response is effective in improving the prognosis of patients. The results of this study are suggested to beneficiaries to improve the quality of emergency care and reduce complications and potential causalities.