Erythrina senegalensis DC (Fabaceae) is a plant used in traditional medicine in Burkina Faso (West Africa) to cure several diseases such as malaria, rheumatism, abdominal pain, fibroma and infections which are always accompanied by oxidative stress. This study aimed to highlight the antioxidant activities in dichloromethane (DCM) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extracts of E. senegalensis stem bark and roots. We used the 1, 1 diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging test and the 12-lipoxygenase I-B inhibitory method. We previously characterized the phytochemical groups by thin layer chromatography and colored reactions in tubes. The extracts in DCM (IC50-root: 5.18 ± 0.06 and IC50-bark: 5.76 ± 0.68) showed strong scavenging activity. However, as a 12-lipoxygenase inhibition, the DCM extracts were almost inactive. The EtOAc extracts from root (IC50-LOX: 7.21 ± 2.31; IC50-DPPH: 7.27 ± 0.13) and from stem bark (IC50-LOX : 4.95 ± 1.12; IC50-DPPH : 11.4 ± 1.3) presented both the radical scavenging and the 12-lipoxygenase inhibitory effects. Polyphenols (flavonoids, tannins), steroids and terpenoids characterized in all extracts may be involved in the observed 12-lipoxygenase inhibition and radical scavenging. Key words: E. senegalensis, antioxidant, 12-lipoxygenase I-B inhibitory.

Although Erythrina senegalensis is a plant widely used in traditional medicine in sub-Saharan Africa, its biological properties have been poorly investigated to date. We first characterized by conventional reactions the composition of several stem bark extracts and evaluated in acellular and cellular assays their pro- or antioxidant properties supported by their high phenolic and flavonoid content, particularly with the methanolic extract. The pro- or antioxidant effects observed did not correlate with their IC₅₀ concentrations against five cancer cell lines determined by MTT assay. Indeed, the CH₂Cl₂ extract and its ethyl acetate (EtOAc) subfraction appeared more potent although they harbored lower pro- or antioxidant effects. Nevertheless, at equipotent concentration, both extracts induced ER- and mitochondria-derived vacuoles observed by fluorescent microscopy that further led to non-apoptotic cell death. LC coupled to high resolution MS investigations have been performed to identify chemical compounds of the extracts. These investigations highlighted the presence of compounds formerly isolated from E. senegalensis including senegalensein that could be retrieved only in the EtOAc subfraction but also thirteen other compounds, such as 16:3-Glc-stigmasterol and hexadecanoic acid, whose anticancer properties have been previously reported. Nineteen other compounds remain to be identified. In conclusion, E. senegalensis appeared rich in compounds with antioxidant and anticancer properties, supporting its use in traditional practice and its status as a species of interest for further investigations in anticancer drug research.

The objective of this study was to carry out a systematic review of the substances isolated from the African medicinal plant Erythrina senegalensis, focusing on compounds harboring activities against cancer models detailed in depth herein at both in vitro and in vivo preclinical levels. The review was conducted through Pubmed and Google Scholar. Nineteen out of the forty-two secondary metabolites isolated to date from E. senegalensis displayed interesting in vitro and/or in vivo antitumor activities. They belonged to alkaloid (Erysodine), triterpenes (Erythrodiol, maniladiol, oleanolic acid), prenylated isoflavonoids (senegalensin, erysenegalensein E, erysenegalensein M, alpinumisoflavone, derrone, warangalone), flavonoids (erythrisenegalone, senegalensein, lupinifolin, carpachromene) and pterocarpans (erybraedine A, erybraedine C, phaseollin). Among the isoflavonoids called “erysenegalensein”, only erysenealenseins E and M have been tested for their anticancerous properties and turned out to be cytotoxic. Although the stem bark is the most frequently used part of the plant, all pterocarpans were isolated from roots and all alkaloids from seeds. The mechanisms of action of its metabolites include apoptosis, pyroptosis, autophagy and mitophagy via the modulation of cytoplasmic proteins, miRNA and enzymes involved in critical pathways deregulated in cancer. Alpinumisoflavone and oleanolic acid were studied in a broad spectrum of cancer models both in vitro and in preclinical models in vivo with promising results. Other metabolites, including carpachromen, phaseollin, erybraedin A, erysenegalensein M and maniladiol need to be further investigated, as they display potent in vitro effects.

INPLASY202410116 A Systematic Review Of Chemical Compounds With Immunomodulatory Action Isolated From African Medicinal Plants Keywords: African medicinal plants ; Phytochemicals; Immunomodulators …

Hyperhomocysteinemia, currently a public health problem, has been associated with the onset of critical diseases among elderly persons. Our aim in this study was to determine homocysteinemia levels in retired people. A cross sectional study was carried out among retired people in Bobo Dioulasso. Sociodemographic and clinico-biological variables were collected. Quantitative determination of total homocysteinemia in serum was carried out by a chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay (CMIA). Three homocysteinemia levels were considered: moderate (16-30 µmol/L), intermediate (31-100 µmol/L), and severe (>100 µmol/L). Fisher's exact test was used to examine the significance of the association with a p-value of 0.05. We included a total of 71 retired people, with a median age of 64 years [minimum - maximum: 45 - 92 years], Hyperhomocysteinemia between [16-30 µmol/L [was observed in 16.90% (12/71) with a median homocysteinemia value equal to 18.71 µmol/L [minimum - maximum = 16.57 - 26.60 µmol/L]. Hyperhomocysteinemia was not significantly associated with increased blood pressure (p = 0.817), age group (p = 0.958), sex (p = 0.106), body mass index (0.053), estimated GFR (p = 0.590). A low frequency of moderate hyperhomocysteinemia was recorded in retired persons in Bobo-Dioulasso. An investigation of genetic polymorphisms associated with hyperhomocysteinemia could be considered.