One of the common causes of a heart attack is fibrillation, a condition that causes an irregular and often abnormally fast heart rate. There is scientific evidence that the survival rate of sudden cardiac arrest patients who are rescued with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and with the use of an automated external defibrillator (AED) is significantly increased. Despite the recommendation that automated external defibrillators should be installed in the workplace, along with a proper management system and training for employees on how to use the device, less than 70% of non-residential areas have an AED installed. The situation is even worse in residential areas, with less than 30% having an AED installed. This research concerns the development of a medical drone managing system that can deliver an AED in case of emergency. An application was developed that can be installed on the mobile phone and/or tablet of the patient or the accompanying person. In the event of a heart attack, the patient or the accompanying person can call a medical drone by sending coordinates to the drone station and a notification to medical staff. The drone station administrator can respond by sending the drone, which automatically lands at the patient’s location. After being tested in a simulation situation, the operational field test yielded satisfactory results. The medical drone can land within 1.5 m of the destination. The designed AED drone can be used not only to deliver AEDs, but also first aid kits and prescribed drugs suitable for medical care. Such a system is especially useful in the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Salinity intrusion is a growing threat to freshwater resources, particularly in low-lying coastal and estuarine regions, necessitating the development of effective early warning systems (EWS) to support timely mitigation. Although various water quality monitoring technologies exist, many face challenges related to long-term sustainability, ongoing maintenance, and accessibility for local users. This study introduces a novel hybrid real-time salinity intrusion early warning system that uniquely integrates fixed and portable monitoring technologies with strong community participation—an approach not yet widely applied in comparable urban-adjacent delta regions. Unlike traditional systems, this model emphasizes local ownership, flexible data collection, and system scalability in resource-constrained environments. This study presents a real-time salinity intrusion early warning system for Bang Kachao, Thailand, combining eight fixed monitoring stations and 20 portable salinity measurement devices. The system was developed in response to community needs, with local input guiding both station placement and the design of mobile measurement tools. By integrating fixed stations for continuous, high-resolution data collection with portable devices for flexible, on-demand monitoring, the system achieves comprehensive spatial coverage and adaptability. A core innovation lies in its emphasis on community participation, enabling villagers to actively engage in monitoring and decision-making. The use of IoT-based sensors, Remote Telemetry Units (RTUs), and cloud-based data platforms further enhances system reliability, efficiency, and accessibility. Automated alerts are issued when salinity thresholds are exceeded, supporting timely interventions. Field deployment and testing over a seven-month period confirmed the system’s effectiveness, with fixed stations achieving 90.5% accuracy and portable devices 88.7% accuracy in detecting salinity intrusions. These results underscore the feasibility and value of a hybrid, community-driven monitoring approach for protecting freshwater resources and building local resilience in vulnerable regions.

This paper presents the study of mathematical characteristics of generalized Bessel polynomial that can be applied to approximate a sine-squared pulse for designing matched filters in communication systems. The proposed pulse can be designed by using the transfer function, in which the numerator is the five pairs of a transmissions zero pairs, and the generalized Bessel polynomial is used as the denominator. A parameters of generalized Bessel polynomials can be adjusted by particle swarm optimization to find the best parameter value. From the simulation results can be found that a parameter can be adjusted. A proposed pulse is close to the ideal response in mainlobe, and one sidelobe to four sidelobes with stability, which outperformed previous research.

The ultrawideband system operates a very short pulse with enormous bandwidth to provide high data rates for data transmission. To design the UWB pulse, considering the pulse shape is very necessary, and a spectral emission mask of the designed pulse should meet the FCC spectral mask requirement between frequency range 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz. The traditional UWB pulse design is based on the Gaussian derivative. However, the frequency spectrum is not satisfied the FCC spectral mask requirement. In this study, the Gaussian pulse can be designed from the mathematical characteristic of the generalized Bessel polynomial. The spectral efficiency of the proposed pulse can be improved by the combination of the derivative of Gaussian pulse with a weight coefficient optimization with particle swarm optimization (PSO). PSO is a population-based optimization algorithm inspired by animal behavior. PSO is applied with generalized Bessel polynomial transfer function to gain the best weight coefficient, we proposed to optimize its weight vector to design a pulse that exceeds to FCC spectral mask. The results were found in MATLAB software show that generalized Bessel polynomials can approximate the proposed pulse with combination method and PSO. The spectral efficiency is improved to 89.30% and the spectrum is greater close to the FCC spectral mask requirement. To confirm an improved spectral efficiency compared to the previous works.

This study presents the design and implementation of a prototype‐scale hybrid CO ₂ capture system that combines Wolffia globosa cultivation, mineral carbonation with waste seashell‐derived CaO, and real‐time IoT‐based monitoring. Waste seashells were calcined at 900°C to produce CaO, which was characterized by XRD and morphological FESEM and EDS analysis and was selected for mineral carbonation. The IoT system monitored changes in CO ₂ concentration above the W. globosa tank, which were influenced by photosynthesis and respiration cycles. It also tracked CO ₂ concentration after the mineral bed, where a consistent decrease of approximately 300 ppm relative to the inlet was observed under the tested conditions, with outlet readings approaching the lower bound of the sensor's specified accuracy (±[50 ppm + 5% of reading]). This decrease was attributed to CaO hydration and subsequent carbonation. Continuous measurements of CO ₂ , pH, and temperature provided useful diagnostic information for interpreting system behavior. The results demonstrate the feasibility of integrating locally available waste‐derived CaO with biological cultivation and IoT‐based monitoring in a small‐scale laboratory prototype. However, a full net carbon balance, including calcination emissions and operational energy demand, was not included in this study. Therefore, the observed CO ₂ decrease should be interpreted as local CO ₂ uptake during the mineral carbonation step rather than confirmed net carbon removal.