The problems with anticancer therapy are resistance and toxicity. From 3000 Cisplatin derivatives tested as antitumor agents, most of them have been rejected, due to toxicity. The aim of current study is the comparison of therapeutic combinations of the currently applied in clinical practice: Cisplatin, Carboplatin, Oxaliplatin, Nedaplatin, Lobaplatin, Heptaplatin, and Satraplatin. The literature data show that the strategies for the development of platinum anticancer agents and bypassing of resistance to Cisplatin derivatives and their toxicity are: combination therapy, Pt IV prodrugs, the targeted nanocarriers. The very important strategy for the improvement of the antitumor effect against different cancers is synergistic combination of Cisplatin derivatives with: (1) anticancer agents—Fluorouracil, Gemcitabine, Cytarabine, Fludarabine, Pemetrexed, Ifosfamide, Irinotecan, Topotecan, Etoposide, Amrubicin, Doxorubicin, Epirubicin, Vinorelbine, Docetaxel, Paclitaxel, Nab-Paclitaxel; (2) modulators of resistant mechanisms; (3) signaling protein inhibitors—Erlotinib; Bortezomib; Everolimus; (4) and immunotherapeutic drugs—Atezolizumab, Avelumab, Bevacizumab, Cemiplimab, Cetuximab, Durvalumab, Erlotinib, Imatinib, Necitumumab, Nimotuzumab, Nivolumab, Onartuzumab, Panitumumab, Pembrolizumab, Rilotumumab, Trastuzumab, Tremelimumab, and Sintilimab. An important approach for overcoming the drug resistance and reduction of toxicity of Cisplatin derivatives is the application of nanocarriers (polymers and liposomes), which provide improved targeted delivery, increased intracellular penetration, selective accumulation in tumor tissue, and enhanced therapeutic efficacy. The advantages of combination therapy are maximum removal of tumor cells in different phases; prevention of resistance; inhibition of the adaptation of tumor cells and their mutations; and reduction of toxicity.

Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of different human diseases: Alzheimer, Parkinson, Huntington, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's disease), Down’s syndrome, atherosclerosis, vascular disease, cancer, diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2, age – related macular degeneration, psoriatic arthritis. The aim of current study is to summarize the scientific evidences for the antioxidant and neuroprotective activity of Galantamine and some of its derivatives. Galantamine is a scavenger of reactive oxygen species and causes neuroprotective effect by lowering the oxidative neuronal damage, through the following pathways: 1) prevention of the activation of P₂X₇ receptors; 2) protection of mitochondrial membrane potential; 3) pre – vention of the membrane fluidity disturbances. Another mechanism is the decreasing of the overproduction of reactive oxygen species, a result from the increasing of acetylcholine level due to: 1) acethylcholinesterase inhibition; 2) allosteric potentiation of α7 – subtype of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. A close relationship between acethylcholinesterase inhibition and reduced oxidative injury is observed. Through allosteric potentiation of the α7 – subtype of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, the drug leads to induction of phosphorylation of serine – threonine protein kinase, stimulates phosphoinositide 3 – kinase and elevates the expression of protective protein Bcl – 2. By activation of these important neuroprotective cascades, Galantamine exerts neuroprotection against a variety of cytotoxic agents (β – amyloid peptide, glutamate, hydrogen peroxide, oxygen and glucose deprivation). The new trend in therapy of Alzheimer's disease will be the investigation and application of compounds such as Galantamine derivatives, which possess acethylcholinesterase and γ – secretase inhibitory activity and antioxidant properties.

Background: Cisplatin, a platinum complex discovered by Rosenberg in 1969, has long been known as the first metal-based anticancer agent. Since then, various similar derivatives of cisplatin have been investigated for pharmacological activity, and the approved complexes have been applied as drugs. Objectives: The aims of the current study are: 1) to summarize the advantages and dose-limiting effects of the approved and unapproved chemotherapy platinum cytostatics, 2) to develop new strategies for the development of platinum anticancer drugs, and 3) to clarify the important factors for the mechanism of action of platinum complexes. Methods: A search was conducted in the literature databases, and the obtained information was summarized and analyzed. Results: Myelosuppression is the main dose-limiting effect and the reason for the disapproval of platinum complexes, such as picoplatin, enloplatin, miboplatin, sebriplatin, zeniplatin, spiroplatin, iproplatin, and ormaplatin. From the basic point of view of inorganic coordination chemistry, such as theoretical calculations, crystal structures of model complexes, docking structures with nucleic acid molecules, spectroscopy, and biological aspects, the importance of physicochemical properties of inorganic platinum complexes for their mechanism of action has been indicated. Spectroscopic methods, such as FTIR, NMR, X-ray crystal structure analysis, and fluorescence microscopy, are important for the investigation of the conformational changes in the binding of platinum complexes and DNA. Conclusion: In the development of platinum complexes, strong anti-cancer drug activity, low toxicity, and resistance can be obtained by the application of polynuclear platinum agents, complexes with targeted activity, and nanoparticle formulations. Electronic structure, stereochemical, and thermodynamic properties are essential for understanding the reaction mechanism of platinum complexes.

Compounds with an azomethine structure belong to different chemical classes—they are hydrazones, phenylhydrazones, semicarbazones, thiosemicarbazones, and oximes. Interest in these compounds has been particularly high recently due to the fact that they exhibit a number of biological activities. The presence of an azomethine group has been found to be responsible for the anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-COVID-19, antifungal, antimalarial, anthelmintic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-Alzheimer, antidiabetic, antiarthritic, antidepressant, and antiepileptic pharmacological activities. The fragment of the azomethine group is contained in the chemical structure of a large number of drugs with applications in the treatment of various pathologies. Drugs—azomethine derivatives with the following pharmacological effects—are used in therapy: antitumor: mitoguazone, triapine, zorubicin; antiinfective: nitrofurazone, nitrofurantoin, nifurzide, nifuroxazide, nifuratel; antiviral: metisazone; antiarrhythmic: azimilide; acetylcholinesterase reactivators: pralidoxime, obidoxime, rimedoxime, methoxime; muscle relaxants: dantrolene, azumolene; antiplatelet: carbazochrome; antimigraine: iprazochrome; antidepressants: fluvoxamine; antimicrobial oxime-based cephalosporins—2^nd generation: cefuroxime, cefuzonam, cefteram; 3^rd generation: cefdinir, cefdaloxime, cefixime, ceftizoxime, cefetamet, cefpodoxime, cefotaxime, cefditoren, cefodizime, ceftiofur, cefteram, cefmenoxime, ceftriaxone, ceftiolene, ceftazidime; 4^th generation: cefepime, cefpirome, cefozoprame; 5^th generation: ceftobiprole, ceftaroline, cefiderocol. This article reviews in detail compounds containing Schiff bases and their derivatives, including drugs with an azomethine structure, as well as their biological properties and applications.

Cannabis sativa L. is a medicinal plant from family Cannabaceae with many pharmacological activities. The recent appearance of a number of cannabis products in the pharmaceutical market has led to increased requirements for regulation and quality control. The control of Cannabis sativa L. is subject to the Psychotropic Substances Convention, which includes the addictive psychoactive delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and to the Narcotic Drugs Convention, which includes the illicit products: herbal and liquid cannabis, resin, extracts and tinctures of flowering or fruiting tops containing THC. Approved by the FDA for use in chemotherapy are Marinol caps. (THC) and Cesamet caps., containing the synthetic THC-derivative Nabilon. There is no harmonized European Union legislation on the use of cannabis and Cannabidiol (CBD), which antagonizes the THC-psychotropic effect. Legitimate products include seeds, oil, extracts, and seed tinctures of the industrial cannabis chemotype, containing primarily Cannabidiol and less than 0.2% THC. Sativex oral spray (THC/CBD = 1:1) is approved for muscle spasticity in multiple sclerosis. Cannabidiol was not used as a food ingredient in the European Union before 15.05.1997 and is a „novel food” according to Regulation 2015/2283. Flour; protein powder and cannabis seed oil are not „novel foods”. Cannabidiol as Epidiolex is FDA approved for epilepsy forms Lennox-Gastaut and Dravet.

The necessity of the development of compounds with effectiveness in therapy against infective diseases has increased in the last 3 years in connection with the spread of COVID-19. The current study aimed to summarize the pharmacological activities of metal-based organic compounds against different viral diseases, including COVID-19. A systematic literature review was carried out by using data sources in Medline, Pub Med, SCOPUS, and Science Direct. The used methods were collecting data, summariz