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Devendra Gauchan
Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, Kathmandu, Nepal

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Journal article
Published: 30 October 2020 in Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources
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Native agrobiodiversity become endangered and even lost due to natural disasters in red zone area such as earthquake that hit Nepal on April and May 2015. Endangered agricultural genetic resources should be rescued and revival of disrupted local seed system was essential for sustainable and productive agriculture in earthquake affected areas. The objectives of this paper are to document methods employed to rescue germplasm and rebuild local seed systems in earthquake affected areas to restore lost crop diversity and strengthen local seed systems. Among 14 severely hit districts by April 2015 earthquake in Nepal, 10 districts were selected for germplasm rescue and rebuilding local seed system. We surveyed households and sensitized relevant stakeholders. Earthquake affected areas were declared as red zones and status of crop landraces were assessed through survey, five cell analysis and focus group discussion. Three germplasm rescue techniques, namely direct rescue, diversity fair and indirect rescue were applied. Local seed systems were rebuilt through diversity fair, diversity block, seed exchange, repatriation and diversity kits. Collected accessions were characterized, multiplied and conserved in National Genebank and community seed banks. About 5-10% of total local crop diversity (based on the landraces) were lost due to earthquake in these districts. A total of 921 accessions of 61 crops along with 284 rare and endangered crop landraces were collected and rescued from 35 VDCs of 10 severely earthquake affected districts. Climate analogue sites and climate smart germplasm were identified for some of earthquake affected areas, and five landraces of four crops were repatriated. Participatory seed exchange, diversity fairs and 200 diversity kits (containing 3 to 5 varieties) were employed to revive the local seed systems. Farmers’ preferred landraces were conserved in Community Seed Bank in Lamjung and Dolakha and all collections were conserved in Naional Genebank, Khumaltar, Nepal. The study concludes that multiple approaches and tools are necessary for germplasm rescue and rebuilding local seed systems from red zone area

ACS Style

Bal Krishna Joshi; Devendra Gauchan; Shreejana Sapkota; Kritesh Poudyal; Krishna Hari Ghimire; Durga Man Singh Dongol. Germplasm rescue and rebuilding local seed systems in red zone areas. Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources 2020, 3, 9 -20.

AMA Style

Bal Krishna Joshi, Devendra Gauchan, Shreejana Sapkota, Kritesh Poudyal, Krishna Hari Ghimire, Durga Man Singh Dongol. Germplasm rescue and rebuilding local seed systems in red zone areas. Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources. 2020; 3 (2):9-20.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bal Krishna Joshi; Devendra Gauchan; Shreejana Sapkota; Kritesh Poudyal; Krishna Hari Ghimire; Durga Man Singh Dongol. 2020. "Germplasm rescue and rebuilding local seed systems in red zone areas." Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources 3, no. 2: 9-20.

Journal article
Published: 02 January 2020 in Sustainability
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Agricultural mechanization in developing countries has taken at least two contested innovation pathways—the “incumbent trajectory” that promotes industrial agriculture, and an “alternative pathway” that supports small-scale mechanization for sustainable development of hillside farming systems. Although both pathways can potentially reduce human and animal drudgery, the body of literature that assesses the sustainability impacts of these mechanization pathways in the local ecological, socio-economic, cultural, and historical contexts of hillside farms is either nonexistent or under-theorized. This paper addresses this missing literature by examining the case of Nepal’s first Agricultural Mechanization Promotion Policy 2014 (AMPP) using a conceptual framework of what will be defined as “responsible innovation”. The historical context of this assessment involves the incumbent trajectory of mechanization in the country since the late 1960s that neglected smallholder farms located in the hills and mountains and biased mechanization policy for flat areas only. Findings from this study suggest that the AMPP addressed issues for smallholder production, including gender inequality, exclusion of smallholder farmers, and biophysical challenges associated with hillside farming systems, but it remains unclear whether and how the policy promotes small-scale agricultural mechanization for sustainable development of agriculture in the hills and mountains of Nepal.

ACS Style

Rachana Devkota; Laxmi Prasad Pant; Hom Nath Gartaula; Kirit Patel; Devendra Gauchan; Helen Hambly-Odame; Balaram Thapa; Manish N. Raizada. Responsible Agricultural Mechanization Innovation for the Sustainable Development of Nepal’s Hillside Farming System. Sustainability 2020, 12, 374 .

AMA Style

Rachana Devkota, Laxmi Prasad Pant, Hom Nath Gartaula, Kirit Patel, Devendra Gauchan, Helen Hambly-Odame, Balaram Thapa, Manish N. Raizada. Responsible Agricultural Mechanization Innovation for the Sustainable Development of Nepal’s Hillside Farming System. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (1):374.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rachana Devkota; Laxmi Prasad Pant; Hom Nath Gartaula; Kirit Patel; Devendra Gauchan; Helen Hambly-Odame; Balaram Thapa; Manish N. Raizada. 2020. "Responsible Agricultural Mechanization Innovation for the Sustainable Development of Nepal’s Hillside Farming System." Sustainability 12, no. 1: 374.

Chapter
Published: 26 November 2019 in Agricultural Transformation in Nepal
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The chapter analyzes the key issues and constraints in the seed sector in Nepal, which represents one of the most important inputs for agricultural productivity growth. It analyzes the options and opportunities for improvement in the seed sector and identifies policy recommendations for this sector’s development. The chapter suggests that a clearly designed seed policy should be developed to create enabling environments for public–private partnership and provide coherence for a level playing field for the development of a dynamic, pluralistic and sustainable seed system in Nepal.

ACS Style

Devendra Gauchan. Seed Sector Development in Nepal: Opportunities and Options for Improvement. Agricultural Transformation in Nepal 2019, 199 -229.

AMA Style

Devendra Gauchan. Seed Sector Development in Nepal: Opportunities and Options for Improvement. Agricultural Transformation in Nepal. 2019; ():199-229.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Devendra Gauchan. 2019. "Seed Sector Development in Nepal: Opportunities and Options for Improvement." Agricultural Transformation in Nepal , no. : 199-229.

Journal article
Published: 23 August 2016 in Agronomy Journal of Nepal
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This study assesses economic benefits of international exchange and flow of key rice germplasm in Nepal under globally operated multilateral system of facilitated access using a case of an improved rice variety Khumal-4. Khumal-4 rice is popular and widely grown in mid hills region of Nepal which was developed by crossing a high yielding dwarf foreign sourced germplasm IR-28 with a local Nepali variety Pokharilo Masino. Economic benefits of Khumal-4 rice adoption and impact was analysed using economic surplus model, where additional productivity and profitability gained from developing Khumal-4 was estimated in monetary value in comparison with existing farmers’ variety Pokharilo masino. The finding showed that Khumal-4 covered 9% of rice area in the mid-hills and 7% in the mountains during year 2010-12 years covering about 40 thousand hectares of rice area. Data show that there is a clear yield gain of 1.25 mt per hectare with cost in rice yield equivalent when farmers switch from traditional Pokhareli Masino to improved Khumal-4 variety. Estimation of additional revenue per hectare with total adoption area of Khumal-4 in prevailing market price in Nepal was NRs 1.07 billion (US $ 11 million) per annum. This is reasonable economic benefits obtained annually from flow of foreign sourced genes (IR-28) for the development of an improved Khumal-4 rice variety in Nepal. This finding indicates that access to foreign germplasm is important for ensuring national food security and gaining higher economic benefits in the country.Agronomy Journal of Nepal (Agron JN) vol. 4, 2016

ACS Style

D Gauchan; K P Pant; B K Joshi. Economic Benefits of Foreign Sourced Germplasm in Domestic Crop Improvement Program: A Case of an Improved Khumal-4 Rice Variety in Nepal. Agronomy Journal of Nepal 2016, 4, 107 -120.

AMA Style

D Gauchan, K P Pant, B K Joshi. Economic Benefits of Foreign Sourced Germplasm in Domestic Crop Improvement Program: A Case of an Improved Khumal-4 Rice Variety in Nepal. Agronomy Journal of Nepal. 2016; 4 ():107-120.

Chicago/Turabian Style

D Gauchan; K P Pant; B K Joshi. 2016. "Economic Benefits of Foreign Sourced Germplasm in Domestic Crop Improvement Program: A Case of an Improved Khumal-4 Rice Variety in Nepal." Agronomy Journal of Nepal 4, no. : 107-120.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2016 in Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources
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ACS Style

Devendra Gauchan; Bal Krishna Joshi; Sajal Sthapit; Krishna Ghimire; Subash Gautam; Kritesh Poudel; Srijana Sapkota; Sandesh Neupane; Ronnie Vernooy. Post-disaster Revival of the Local Seed System and Climate Change Adaptation: A Case Study of Earthquake Affected Mountain Regions of Nepal. Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources 2016, 29, 348 .

AMA Style

Devendra Gauchan, Bal Krishna Joshi, Sajal Sthapit, Krishna Ghimire, Subash Gautam, Kritesh Poudel, Srijana Sapkota, Sandesh Neupane, Ronnie Vernooy. Post-disaster Revival of the Local Seed System and Climate Change Adaptation: A Case Study of Earthquake Affected Mountain Regions of Nepal. Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources. 2016; 29 (3):348.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Devendra Gauchan; Bal Krishna Joshi; Sajal Sthapit; Krishna Ghimire; Subash Gautam; Kritesh Poudel; Srijana Sapkota; Sandesh Neupane; Ronnie Vernooy. 2016. "Post-disaster Revival of the Local Seed System and Climate Change Adaptation: A Case Study of Earthquake Affected Mountain Regions of Nepal." Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources 29, no. 3: 348.

Journal article
Published: 10 February 2013 in Journal of Agriculture and Environment
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This study was carried out to relate the diversity of one crop in terms of number of landraces and farm area with the diversity of other crop. Information collected during baseline survey of in-situ global project (1999) on three crops namely rice, finger millet and sponge gourd in Jumla, Kaski and Bara of Nepal were used. Farm area of each variety and number of landraces grown by sampled household were used for F-test, regression and chi-square analyses to test the diversity of one crop with respect to other. Households having large number of landraces of finger millet maintained large number of rice landraces. Households maintaining different landraces of sponge gourd and finger millet showed a relation with their farm area allotted to rice landraces. Households having large area for rice cultivation maintained a large number of rice landraces in all the sites. The analyses showed that the farmers growing diversity in one crop are more likely to grow diversity in other crops. Similarly, if area in a household allotted to a particular crop species is large, there is chance of growing high diversity of the crop species. Households having large farm size and maintaining high diversity of a crop species may be target farmers for genetic resources management. The Journal of Agriculture and Environment Vol:13, Jun.2012, Page 5-8 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/aej.v13i0.7581

ACS Style

Bal Krishna Joshi; Madhusudan Prasad Upadhyay; Bimal Kumar Baniya; Devendra Gauchan. Area And Diversity Of A Crop Reflects The Diversity Of Others. Journal of Agriculture and Environment 2013, 13, 5 -8.

AMA Style

Bal Krishna Joshi, Madhusudan Prasad Upadhyay, Bimal Kumar Baniya, Devendra Gauchan. Area And Diversity Of A Crop Reflects The Diversity Of Others. Journal of Agriculture and Environment. 2013; 13 ():5-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bal Krishna Joshi; Madhusudan Prasad Upadhyay; Bimal Kumar Baniya; Devendra Gauchan. 2013. "Area And Diversity Of A Crop Reflects The Diversity Of Others." Journal of Agriculture and Environment 13, no. : 5-8.