Background: The liver and bones are both active endocrine organs that carry out several metabolic functions. However, the link between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and bone mineral density (BMD) is still controversial. The goal of this study was to discover if there was a link between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and bone mineral density in US persons aged 20 to 59 years of different genders and races. Methods: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–2018, multivariate logistic regression models were utilized to investigate the association between NAFLD and lumbar BMD. Fitted smoothing curves and generalized additive models were also used. Results: The analysis included a total of 1980 adults. After controlling for various variables, we discovered that NAFLD was negatively linked with lumbar BMD. The favorable connection of NAFLD with lumbar BMD was maintained in subgroup analyses stratified by sex, race and age in men, other race and aged 20-29 years. The relationship between NAFLD and lumbar BMD in blacks and people aged 40-49 years was a U-shaped curve with the inflection point: at 236dB/m and 262dB/m. Furthermore, we discovered that liver advanced fibrosis and liver cirrhosis were independently connected with higher BMD, while no significant differences were detected in severe liver steatosis and BMD. Conclusions: Our study found an independently unfavorable relationship between NAFLD and BMD in persons aged 20 to 59. We also discovered a positive link between BMD and advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. More research is needed to back up the findings of this study and to look into the underlying issues.

Background: Serum lipids are highly inheritable and play a major role in bone health. However, the relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and bone mineral density (BMD) remains uncertain. The goal of this study was to see if there was a link between HDL-C levels and BMD in persons aged 20–59. Methods: Multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine the link between HDL-C and lumbar BMD using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2018. Generalized additive models and fitted smoothing curves were also used. Results: The analysis included a total of 10,635 adults. After controlling for various variables, we discovered that HDL-C was positively linked with lumbar BMD. The favorable connection of HDL-C with lumbar BMD was maintained in subgroup analyses stratified by sex and race in women, but not in men, and in blacks, but not in whites. The relationship between HDL-C and lumbar BMD in men and whites was a U-shaped curve with the same inflection point: 0.98 mmol/L. Conclusions: In people aged 20 to 59, our research discovered a positive relationship among HDL-C and lumbar BMD. Among males and whites, this relationship followed a U-shaped curve (inflection point: 0.98 mmol/L). HDL-C measurement might be used as a responsive biomarker for detecting osteoporosis early and guiding therapy.

Introduction: The Weight-Adjusted Waist Index (WWI) is a new indicator of obesity that is associated with all-cause mortality in Asian populations. Our study aimed to investigate the linear and non-linear associations between WWI and all-cause mortality in non-Asian populations in the United States, and whether WWI was superior to traditional obesity indicators as a predictor of all-cause mortality. Methods: We conducted a cohort study using data from the 2011–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), involving 18,592 participants. We utilized Cox proportional hazard models to assess the association between WWI, BMI, WC, and the risk of all-cause mortality, and performed subgroup analyses and interaction tests. We also employed a receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve study to evaluate the effectiveness of WWI, BMI, and WC in predicting all-cause mortality. Results: After adjusting for confounders, WWI, BMI, and WC were positively associated with all-cause mortality. The performance of WWI, BMI, and WC in predicting all-cause mortality yielded AUCs of 0.697, 0.524, and 0.562, respectively. The data also revealed a U-shaped relationship between WWI and all-cause mortality. Race and cancer modified the relationship between WWI and all-cause mortality, with the relationship being negatively correlated in African Americans and cancer patients. Conclusions: In non-Asian populations in the United States, there is a U-shaped relationship between WWI and all-cause mortality, and WWI outperforms BMI and WC as a predictor of all-cause mortality. These findings may contribute to a better understanding and prediction of the relationship between obesity and mortality, and provide support for effective obesity management strategies.

Background: Serum lipids are highly inheritable and play a major role in bone health. However, the relationship between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and bone mineral density (BMD) remains uncertain. The goal of this study was to see if there was a link between LDL-C levels and BMD in persons aged 20 to 59. Methods: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011– 2018, multivariate logistic regression models were utilized to investigate the association between LDL-C and lumbar BMD. Fitted smoothing curves and generalized additive models were also used. Results: The analysis included a total of 4909 adults. After controlling for various variables, we discovered that LDL-C was negatively linked with lumbar BMD. The favorable connection of LDL-C with lumbar BMD was maintained in subgroup analyses stratified by gender and race in both males and females, Whites and Mexican Americans, but not in Blacks and other races. The relationship between LDL-C and lumbar BMD in other races was an inverted U-shaped curve with the inflection point: 2.327 (mmol/L). Conclusion: In people aged 20 to 59, our research discovered a negative relationship among LDL-C and lumbar BMD. Among races other than Whites, Blacks, Mexican Americans, this relationship followed an inverted U-shaped curve (inflection point: 2.327mmol/L). LDL-C measurement might be used as a responsive biomarker for detecting osteoporosis early and guiding therapy.