Chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian insufficiency (CIPOI) triggers gonadotoxicity in women undergoing cancer treatment, leading to loss of ovarian reserves and subfertility, with no effective therapies available. In our study, fecal microbiota transplantation in a cisplatin-induced POI mouse model reveals that a dysbiotic gut microbiome negatively impacts ovarian health in CIPOI. Multi-omics analyses show a significant decrease in Limosilactobacillus reuteri and its catabolite, β-resorcylic acid , in the CIPOI group in comparison to healthy controls. Supplementation with L. reuteri or β-RA mitigates cisplatin-induced hormonal disruptions, morphological damages, and reductions in follicular reserve. Most importantly, β-RA pre-treatment effectively preserves oocyte function, embryonic development, and fetus health, thereby protecting against chemotherapy-induced subfertility. Our results provide evidence that β-RA suppresses the nuclear accumulation of sex-determining region Y-box 7, which in turn reduces Bcl-2-associated X activation and inhibits granulosa cell apoptosis. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting the gut-ovary axis for fertility preservation in CIPOI.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to explore the diagnostic value and safety of color Doppler ultrasound (US)-guided transthoracic core needle biopsy (CNB) of peripheral lung, chest wall and mediastinal lesions using automated biopsy guns. Materials and methods: We analyzed clinical and image data, histopathologic and microbiologic details and complications from 121 patients with peripheral lung, chest wall and mediastinal lesions who underwent color Doppler US-guided transthoracic CNB in Ningbo First Hospital between January 2015 and June 2018. Results: Color Doppler US-guided transthoracic CNB performed with a freehand technique using automated biopsy guns had a sensitivity of 93.94%, a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value of 100%, a negative predictive value of 78.57%, and a diagnostic accuracy of 95.04%. Lesion size did not affect the diagnostic rate (P=0.40). No serious complications of the procedure were noted. Conclusion: Color Doppler US-guided transthoracic CNB of peripheral lung, chest wall and mediastinal lesions is a safe and inexpensive procedure. The diagnostic accuracy of color Doppler US-guided transthoracic CNB was higher than that of color Doppler US-guided transthoracic fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB).