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Smallholder agriculture is a major source of income and food for developing nations. With more frequent drought and increasing scarcity of arable land, more accurate land-use planning tools are needed to allocate land resources to support regional agricultural activity. To address this need, we created Land Capability Classification (LCC) system maps using data from two digital soil maps, which were compared with measurements from 1305 field sites in the Dosso region of Niger. Based on these, we developed 250 m gridded maps of LCC values across the region. Across the region, land is severely limited for agricultural use because of low available water-holding capacity (AWC) that limits dry season agricultural potential, especially without irrigation, and requires more frequent irrigation where supplemental water is available. If the AWC limitation is removed in the LCC algorithm (i.e., simulating the use of sufficient irrigation or a much higher and more evenly distributed rainfall), the dominant limitations become less severe and more spatially varied. Finally, we used additional soil fertility data from the field samples to illustrate the value of collecting contemporary data for dynamic soil properties that are critical for crop production, including soil organic carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen.
Tara Ippolito; Jeffrey Herrick; Ekwe Dossa; Maman Garba; Mamadou Ouattara; Upendra Singh; Zachary Stewart; P. Prasad; Idrissa Oumarou; Jason Neff. A Comparison of Approaches to Regional Land-Use Capability Analysis for Agricultural Land-Planning. Land 2021, 10, 458 .
AMA StyleTara Ippolito, Jeffrey Herrick, Ekwe Dossa, Maman Garba, Mamadou Ouattara, Upendra Singh, Zachary Stewart, P. Prasad, Idrissa Oumarou, Jason Neff. A Comparison of Approaches to Regional Land-Use Capability Analysis for Agricultural Land-Planning. Land. 2021; 10 (5):458.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTara Ippolito; Jeffrey Herrick; Ekwe Dossa; Maman Garba; Mamadou Ouattara; Upendra Singh; Zachary Stewart; P. Prasad; Idrissa Oumarou; Jason Neff. 2021. "A Comparison of Approaches to Regional Land-Use Capability Analysis for Agricultural Land-Planning." Land 10, no. 5: 458.
Smallholder farmers in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) currently grow rainfed maize with limited inputs including fertilizer. Climate change may exacerbate current production constraints. Crop models can help quantify the potential impact of climate change on maize yields, but a comprehensive multi‐model assessment of simulation accuracy and uncertainty in these low‐input systems is currently lacking. We evaluated the impact of varying [CO2], temperature and rainfall conditions on maize yield, for different nitrogen (N) inputs (0, 80, 160 kg N ha‐1) for five environments in SSA, including cool sub‐humid Ethiopia, cool semi‐arid Rwanda, hot sub‐humid Ghana and hot semi‐arid Mali and Benin using an ensemble of 25 maize models. Models were calibrated with measured grain yield, plant biomass, plant N, leaf area index, harvest index and in‐season soil water content from two‐year experiments in each country to assess their ability to simulate observed yield. Simulated responses to climate change factors were explored and compared between models. Calibrated models reproduced measured grain yield variations well with average rRMSE of 26%, although uncertainty in model prediction was substantial (CV = 28%). Model ensembles gave greater accuracy than any model taken at random. Nitrogen fertilization controlled the response to variations in [CO2], temperature and rainfall. Without N fertilizer input, maize (i) benefited less from an increase in atmospheric [CO2], (ii) was less affected by higher temperature or decreasing rainfall and (iii) was more affected by increased rainfall because N leaching was more critical. The model inter‐comparison revealed that simulation of daily soil N supply and N leaching plays a crucial role in simulating climate change impacts for low‐input systems. Climate change and N input interactions have strong implications for the design of robust adaptation practices across SSA, because the impact of climate change will be modified if farmers intensify maize production with more mineral fertilizer.
Gatien N. Falconnier; Marc Corbeels; Kenneth J. Boote; François Affholder; Myriam Adam; Dilys S. MacCarthy; Alex C. Ruane; Claas Nendel; Anthony M. Whitbread; Éric Justes; Lajpat R. Ahuja; Folorunso M. Akinseye; Isaac N. Alou; Kokou A. Amouzou; Saseendran S. Anapalli; Christian Baron; Bruno Basso; Frédéric Baudron; Patrick Bertuzzi; Andrew J. Challinor; Yi Chen; Delphine Deryng; Maha Elsayed; Babacar Faye; Thomas Gaiser; Marcelo Galdos; Sebastian Gayler; Edward Gerardeaux; Michel Giner; Brian Grant; Gerrit Hoogenboom; Esther S. Ibrahim; Bahareh Kamali; Kurt Christian Kersebaum; Soo‐Hyung Kim; M Van Der Laan; Louise Leroux; Jon I. Lizaso; Bernardo Maestrini; Elizabeth A. Meier; Fasil Mequanint; Alain Ndoli; Cheryl H. Porter; Eckart Priesack; Dominique Ripoche; Tesfaye S. Sida; Upendra Singh; Ward N. Smith; Amit Srivastava; Sumit Sinha; Fulu Tao; Peter J. Thorburn; Dennis Timlin; Bouba Traore; Tracy Twine; Heidi Webber. Modelling climate change impacts on maize yields under low nitrogen input conditions in sub‐Saharan Africa. Global Change Biology 2020, 26, 5942 -5964.
AMA StyleGatien N. Falconnier, Marc Corbeels, Kenneth J. Boote, François Affholder, Myriam Adam, Dilys S. MacCarthy, Alex C. Ruane, Claas Nendel, Anthony M. Whitbread, Éric Justes, Lajpat R. Ahuja, Folorunso M. Akinseye, Isaac N. Alou, Kokou A. Amouzou, Saseendran S. Anapalli, Christian Baron, Bruno Basso, Frédéric Baudron, Patrick Bertuzzi, Andrew J. Challinor, Yi Chen, Delphine Deryng, Maha Elsayed, Babacar Faye, Thomas Gaiser, Marcelo Galdos, Sebastian Gayler, Edward Gerardeaux, Michel Giner, Brian Grant, Gerrit Hoogenboom, Esther S. Ibrahim, Bahareh Kamali, Kurt Christian Kersebaum, Soo‐Hyung Kim, M Van Der Laan, Louise Leroux, Jon I. Lizaso, Bernardo Maestrini, Elizabeth A. Meier, Fasil Mequanint, Alain Ndoli, Cheryl H. Porter, Eckart Priesack, Dominique Ripoche, Tesfaye S. Sida, Upendra Singh, Ward N. Smith, Amit Srivastava, Sumit Sinha, Fulu Tao, Peter J. Thorburn, Dennis Timlin, Bouba Traore, Tracy Twine, Heidi Webber. Modelling climate change impacts on maize yields under low nitrogen input conditions in sub‐Saharan Africa. Global Change Biology. 2020; 26 (10):5942-5964.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGatien N. Falconnier; Marc Corbeels; Kenneth J. Boote; François Affholder; Myriam Adam; Dilys S. MacCarthy; Alex C. Ruane; Claas Nendel; Anthony M. Whitbread; Éric Justes; Lajpat R. Ahuja; Folorunso M. Akinseye; Isaac N. Alou; Kokou A. Amouzou; Saseendran S. Anapalli; Christian Baron; Bruno Basso; Frédéric Baudron; Patrick Bertuzzi; Andrew J. Challinor; Yi Chen; Delphine Deryng; Maha Elsayed; Babacar Faye; Thomas Gaiser; Marcelo Galdos; Sebastian Gayler; Edward Gerardeaux; Michel Giner; Brian Grant; Gerrit Hoogenboom; Esther S. Ibrahim; Bahareh Kamali; Kurt Christian Kersebaum; Soo‐Hyung Kim; M Van Der Laan; Louise Leroux; Jon I. Lizaso; Bernardo Maestrini; Elizabeth A. Meier; Fasil Mequanint; Alain Ndoli; Cheryl H. Porter; Eckart Priesack; Dominique Ripoche; Tesfaye S. Sida; Upendra Singh; Ward N. Smith; Amit Srivastava; Sumit Sinha; Fulu Tao; Peter J. Thorburn; Dennis Timlin; Bouba Traore; Tracy Twine; Heidi Webber. 2020. "Modelling climate change impacts on maize yields under low nitrogen input conditions in sub‐Saharan Africa." Global Change Biology 26, no. 10: 5942-5964.
NPK fertilizer briquettes (NPKBriq) and organically enhanced N fertilizer (OENF), as newly developed fertilizer products, are reported to increase maize (Zea mays L.) yield and N use efficiency, but their effects on maize grain composition are unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of NPKBriq and OENF on the protein, oil, fiber, ash, and starch of maize grain. A field study was conducted at Jackson and Grand Junction, TN, during 2012 and 2013, with NPKBriq, OENF, ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) (+P and K), and urea (+P and K) as the main treatments and 0, 85, 128, and 170 kg N ha−1 as the sub treatments under a randomized complete block split plot design with four replicates. The fiber concentration was more responsive to the fertilizer source than the protein, oil, ash, and starch concentrations. OENF resulted in a higher fiber concentration than NPKBriq at 85 kg N ha−1 in 2013, averaged over the two sites. Both OENF and NPKBriq had nearly no significant effects on the concentrations of the quality attributes compared with ammonium sulfate and urea. In conclusion, the nutrient-balanced NPKBriq exerts the same or greater effects on maize grain quality relative to the commonly used nutrient management practices of urea (+P and K) and ammonium sulfate (+P and K) under normal weather conditions. OENF is an alternate N source to urea and ammonium sulfate for similar to higher maize grain quality.
Xiaohui Wang; Shuangli Liu; Xinhua Yin; Nacer Bellaloui; John H. Winings; Sampson Agyin-Birikorang; Upendra Singh; Joaquin Sanabria; Alemu Mengistu. Maize Grain Composition with Additions of NPK Briquette and Organically Enhanced N Fertilizer. Agronomy 2020, 10, 852 .
AMA StyleXiaohui Wang, Shuangli Liu, Xinhua Yin, Nacer Bellaloui, John H. Winings, Sampson Agyin-Birikorang, Upendra Singh, Joaquin Sanabria, Alemu Mengistu. Maize Grain Composition with Additions of NPK Briquette and Organically Enhanced N Fertilizer. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (6):852.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaohui Wang; Shuangli Liu; Xinhua Yin; Nacer Bellaloui; John H. Winings; Sampson Agyin-Birikorang; Upendra Singh; Joaquin Sanabria; Alemu Mengistu. 2020. "Maize Grain Composition with Additions of NPK Briquette and Organically Enhanced N Fertilizer." Agronomy 10, no. 6: 852.
Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation in lowland rice cultivation increases water use efficiency and could reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions compared to the farmers' practice of continuous flooding (CF). However, there is a dearth of studies on the impacts of water management on methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in Bangladesh. Multi-location field experiments were conducted during the dry seasons of 2018 and 2019 to determine the baseline emissions of CH4 and N2O from rice fields and compare the emissions from AWD irrigation and CF. CH4 and N2O emissions were measured using the closed chamber technique and their concentrations were determined using a gas chromatograph. CH4 and N2O emissions varied across water management schemes and sites. AWD irrigation significantly (p < 0.05) reduced cumulative CH4 emissions (37%, average across sites) without affecting grain yields compared to CF. The CH4 emission factor for AWD was lower (1.39 kg ha−1 day−1) compared to CF (2.21 kg ha−1 day−1). Although AWD irrigation increased seasonal cumulative N2O emissions by 46%, it did not offset reduced CH4 emissions. AWD reduced the total global warming potential (GWP) by 36% compared to CF. Similarly, GHG intensity (GHGI) in AWD was 34% smaller compared to that in CF. Emissions varied across sites and the magnitudes of seasonal cumulative CH4 and N2O emissions were higher at the Gazipur site compared to the Mymensingh site. AWD, which saves irrigation water without any yield penalty, could be considered a promising strategy to mitigate GHG emissions from rice fields in Bangladesh.
S.M. Mofijul Islam; Yam Kanta Gaihre; Rafiqul Islam; Mahmuda Akter; Abdullah Al Mahmud; Upendra Singh; Bjoern Ole Sander. Effects of water management on greenhouse gas emissions from farmers' rice fields in Bangladesh. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 734, 139382 .
AMA StyleS.M. Mofijul Islam, Yam Kanta Gaihre, Rafiqul Islam, Mahmuda Akter, Abdullah Al Mahmud, Upendra Singh, Bjoern Ole Sander. Effects of water management on greenhouse gas emissions from farmers' rice fields in Bangladesh. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 734 ():139382.
Chicago/Turabian StyleS.M. Mofijul Islam; Yam Kanta Gaihre; Rafiqul Islam; Mahmuda Akter; Abdullah Al Mahmud; Upendra Singh; Bjoern Ole Sander. 2020. "Effects of water management on greenhouse gas emissions from farmers' rice fields in Bangladesh." Science of The Total Environment 734, no. : 139382.
Calibration is an essential step for all crop modeling studies. The goal of this study was to compare three commonly-used calibration methods including Ordinary Least Square (OLS), Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), and Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE) as applied to the CSM-CERES-Rice phenology model of the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT). The analysis was performed by considering goodness-of-fit to observations, calibrated parameter values, uncertainty of parameter estimates and predictions, and the practical implementation of methods. The results showed that the selection of the calibration method has some impacts on parameter estimates and uncertainty quantifications. In the situations where goodness-of-fit is the main criterion, OLS is the fastest and most effective method. When the uncertainty of parameter estimates and model predictions are important, the MCMC method is more reliable in quantifying uncertainties. We found that for predicting phenology in our study, the GLUE method was unrealistic in quantifying model uncertainty, because the default model error variance was unlikely small. This study showed that MCMC for model calibration, coupled with estimation of model error variance, is a promising method for quantifying prediction uncertainty and that MCMC should be incorporated into crop modeling platforms.
Yujing Gao; Daniel Wallach; Bing Liu; Michael Dingkuhn; Kenneth J. Boote; Upendra Singh; Senthold Asseng; Tamer Kahveci; Jianqiang He; Ruoyang Zhang; Roberto Confalonieri; Gerrit Hoogenboom. Comparison of three calibration methods for modeling rice phenology. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 2019, 280, 107785 .
AMA StyleYujing Gao, Daniel Wallach, Bing Liu, Michael Dingkuhn, Kenneth J. Boote, Upendra Singh, Senthold Asseng, Tamer Kahveci, Jianqiang He, Ruoyang Zhang, Roberto Confalonieri, Gerrit Hoogenboom. Comparison of three calibration methods for modeling rice phenology. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 2019; 280 ():107785.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYujing Gao; Daniel Wallach; Bing Liu; Michael Dingkuhn; Kenneth J. Boote; Upendra Singh; Senthold Asseng; Tamer Kahveci; Jianqiang He; Ruoyang Zhang; Roberto Confalonieri; Gerrit Hoogenboom. 2019. "Comparison of three calibration methods for modeling rice phenology." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 280, no. : 107785.
Nanoparticles are used in a variety of products, including fertilizer-nutrients and agro-pesticides. However, due to heightened reactivity of nano-scale materials, the effects of nanoparticle nutrients on crops can be more dramatic when compared to non nano-scale nutrients. This study evaluated the effect of nano manganese-(Mn) on wheat yield and nutrient acquisition, relative to bulk and ionic-Mn. Wheat was exposed to the Mn types in soil (6 mg/kg/plant), and nano-Mn was repeated in foliar application. Plant growth, grain yield, nutrient acquisition, and residual soil nutrients were assessed. When compared to the control, all Mn types significantly (p < 0.05) reduced shoot N by 9–18%. However, nano-Mn in soil exhibited other subtle effects on nutrient acquisition that were different from ionic or bulk-Mn, including reductions in shoot Mn (25%), P (33%), and K (7%) contents, and increase (30%) in soil residual nitrate-N. Despite lowering shoot Mn, nano-Mn resulted in a higher grain Mn translocation efficiency (22%), as compared to salt-Mn (20%), bulk-Mn (21%), and control (16%). When compared to soil, foliar exposure to nano-Mn exhibited significant differences: greater shoot (37%) and grain (12%) Mn contents; less (40%) soil nitrate-N; and, more soil (17%) and shoot (43%) P. These findings indicate that exposure to nano-scale Mn in soil could affect plants in subtle ways, differing from bulk or ionic-Mn, suggesting caution in its use in agriculture. Applying nano Mn as a foliar treatment could enable greater control on plant responses.
Christian O. Dimkpa; Upendra Singh; Ishaq O. Adisa; Prem S. Bindraban; Wade H. Elmer; Jorge L. Gardea-Torresdey; Jason C. White. Effects of Manganese Nanoparticle Exposure on Nutrient Acquisition in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Agronomy 2018, 8, 158 .
AMA StyleChristian O. Dimkpa, Upendra Singh, Ishaq O. Adisa, Prem S. Bindraban, Wade H. Elmer, Jorge L. Gardea-Torresdey, Jason C. White. Effects of Manganese Nanoparticle Exposure on Nutrient Acquisition in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Agronomy. 2018; 8 (9):158.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristian O. Dimkpa; Upendra Singh; Ishaq O. Adisa; Prem S. Bindraban; Wade H. Elmer; Jorge L. Gardea-Torresdey; Jason C. White. 2018. "Effects of Manganese Nanoparticle Exposure on Nutrient Acquisition in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)." Agronomy 8, no. 9: 158.
Low nutrient recovery in upland crop production systems has prompted studies to improve the current nutrient management practices to increase fertilizer efficiency. Field studies were conducted in two growing seasons (2012 and 2013) under two land management systems (till and no-till) to evaluate agronomic effectiveness of a multi-nutrient fertilizer briquette (fertilizer briquettes) for upland crop production, using corn as test crop. The fertilizer briquettes were produced through a simple physical compaction of ordinary granular fertilizers with a final nutrient composition of 23.9% N, 19.2% P2O5, 19.1% K2O, 0.9% Zn, and 2.5% S. The agronomic efficiency of the fertilizer briquettes were compared with commercial N sources, urea and ammonium sulfate supplied separately with phosphorus (P), potassium (K), zinc (Zn), and sulfur (S; for urea alone). During the wetter (2013) weather conditions, the fertilizer briquette treatment consistently produced the highest yields in both locations. At Ames Plantation, the fertilizer briquette treatment increased grain yields by ~ 16 and ~ 23% over the treatments having ammonium sulfate and urea granular fertilizers, respectively, and, in Jackson, by 16 and 34% respectively. Nutrient recovery efficiency was also greatest with the fertilizer briquettes treatment. However, during the drier weather conditions (2012), the fertilizer briquettes treatment was the least effective among the three treatments in terms of biomass and grain yields, and nutrient recovery efficiency. We conclude, with adequate rainfall conditions, the fertilizer briquettes could be an efficient fertilizer for upland crop production. However, under drier weather conditions where soil moisture is limited, the fertilizer briquettes may not be an ideal fertilizer source for upland crop production.
Sampson Agyin-Birikorang; John H. Winings; Xinhua Yin; Upendra Singh; Joaquin Sanabria. Field evaluation of agronomic effectiveness of multi-nutrient fertilizer briquettes for upland crop production. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 2018, 110, 395 -406.
AMA StyleSampson Agyin-Birikorang, John H. Winings, Xinhua Yin, Upendra Singh, Joaquin Sanabria. Field evaluation of agronomic effectiveness of multi-nutrient fertilizer briquettes for upland crop production. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems. 2018; 110 (3):395-406.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSampson Agyin-Birikorang; John H. Winings; Xinhua Yin; Upendra Singh; Joaquin Sanabria. 2018. "Field evaluation of agronomic effectiveness of multi-nutrient fertilizer briquettes for upland crop production." Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 110, no. 3: 395-406.
S.M. Mofijul Islam; Yam Kanta Gaihre; Jatish Chandra Biswas; Sarwar Jahan; Upendra Singh; Sanjoy Kumar Adhikary; M. Abdus Satter; M.A. Saleque. Different nitrogen rates and methods of application for dry season rice cultivation with alternate wetting and drying irrigation: Fate of nitrogen and grain yield. Agricultural Water Management 2018, 196, 144 -153.
AMA StyleS.M. Mofijul Islam, Yam Kanta Gaihre, Jatish Chandra Biswas, Sarwar Jahan, Upendra Singh, Sanjoy Kumar Adhikary, M. Abdus Satter, M.A. Saleque. Different nitrogen rates and methods of application for dry season rice cultivation with alternate wetting and drying irrigation: Fate of nitrogen and grain yield. Agricultural Water Management. 2018; 196 ():144-153.
Chicago/Turabian StyleS.M. Mofijul Islam; Yam Kanta Gaihre; Jatish Chandra Biswas; Sarwar Jahan; Upendra Singh; Sanjoy Kumar Adhikary; M. Abdus Satter; M.A. Saleque. 2018. "Different nitrogen rates and methods of application for dry season rice cultivation with alternate wetting and drying irrigation: Fate of nitrogen and grain yield." Agricultural Water Management 196, no. : 144-153.
Urea deep placement (UDP) has demonstrated its benefits of saving N fertilizer and increasing nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and grain yields. However, studies on its environmental impacts, particularly on nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitric oxide (NO), are limited. We conducted multi-location field experiments in Bangladesh to determine the effects of UDP versus broadcast prilled urea (PU) on N2O and NO emissions, NUE, and rice yields. N2O and NO emissions were measured from three N fertilizer treatments—no N, UDP, and PU—using automated gas sampling and analysis systems continuously for two rice-growing seasons—Aus (May–August) and Aman (August–December). Fertilizer-induced peaks in N2O emissions were observed after broadcast application of PU but were rarely observed after UDP. Total seasonal N2O and NO emissions, yield-scaled emissions, and fertilizer-induced emissions were affected by fertilizer treatments and sites. Though nitrogen fertilizer increased emissions significantly over the control, emissions resulting from UDP and PU were similar. Effects of N placement on grain yields and NUE were site- and season-specific. Of the N placement methods, UDP increased grain yields by 13% (p < 0.05) during the Aman season and gave similar yields in spite of lower N application during the Aus season. UDP increased N recovery from 25 and 16% of broadcast PU to 61 and 73% during the Aus and the Aman seasons, respectively in one site, but was similar in another site. On the other hand, alternate wetting and drying irrigation reduced grain yield and N recovery at the BRRI site during the Aman season.
Yam Kanta Gaihre; Upendra Singh; S.M. Mofijul Islam; Azmul Huda; M. R. Islam; Joaquin Sanabria; M. Abdus Satter; R. Islam; Jatish Chandra Biswas; M. Jahiruddin; Sarwar Jahan. Nitrous oxide and nitric oxide emissions and nitrogen use efficiency as affected by nitrogen placement in lowland rice fields. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 2017, 110, 277 -291.
AMA StyleYam Kanta Gaihre, Upendra Singh, S.M. Mofijul Islam, Azmul Huda, M. R. Islam, Joaquin Sanabria, M. Abdus Satter, R. Islam, Jatish Chandra Biswas, M. Jahiruddin, Sarwar Jahan. Nitrous oxide and nitric oxide emissions and nitrogen use efficiency as affected by nitrogen placement in lowland rice fields. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems. 2017; 110 (2):277-291.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYam Kanta Gaihre; Upendra Singh; S.M. Mofijul Islam; Azmul Huda; M. R. Islam; Joaquin Sanabria; M. Abdus Satter; R. Islam; Jatish Chandra Biswas; M. Jahiruddin; Sarwar Jahan. 2017. "Nitrous oxide and nitric oxide emissions and nitrogen use efficiency as affected by nitrogen placement in lowland rice fields." Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 110, no. 2: 277-291.
The CO2 fertilization effect is a major source of uncertainty in crop models for future yield forecasts, but coordinated efforts to determine the mechanisms of this uncertainty have been lacking. Here, we studied causes of uncertainty among 16 crop models in predicting rice yield in response to elevated [CO2] (E-[CO2]) by comparison to free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) and chamber experiments. The model ensemble reproduced the experimental results well. However, yield prediction in response to E-[CO2] varied significantly among the rice models. The variation was not random: models that overestimated at one experiment simulated greater yield enhancements at the others. The variation was not associated with model structure or magnitude of photosynthetic response to E-[CO2] but was significantly associated with the predictions of leaf area. This suggests that modelled secondary effects of E-[CO2] on morphological development, primarily leaf area, are the sources of model uncertainty. Rice morphological development is conservative to carbon acquisition. Uncertainty will be reduced by incorporating this conservative nature of the morphological response to E-[CO2] into the models. Nitrogen levels, particularly under limited situations, make the prediction more uncertain. Improving models to account for [CO2] × N interactions is necessary to better evaluate management practices under climate change.
Toshihiro Hasegawa; Tao Li; Xinyou Yin; Yan Zhu; Kenneth Boote; Jeffrey Baker; Simone Bregaglio; Samuel Buis; Roberto Confalonieri; Job Fugice; Tamon Fumoto; Donald Gaydon; Soora Naresh Kumar; Tanguy Lafarge; Manuel Marcaida Iii; Yuji Masutomi; Hiroshi Nakagawa; Philippe Oriol; Françoise Ruget; Upendra Singh; Liang Tang; F Tao; Hitomi Wakatsuki; Daniel Wallach; Yulong Wang; Lloyd Ted Wilson; Lianxin Yang; Yubin Yang; Hiroe Yoshida; Zhao Zhang; Jianguo Zhu. Causes of variation among rice models in yield response to CO2 examined with Free-Air CO2 Enrichment and growth chamber experiments. Scientific Reports 2017, 7, 1 -13.
AMA StyleToshihiro Hasegawa, Tao Li, Xinyou Yin, Yan Zhu, Kenneth Boote, Jeffrey Baker, Simone Bregaglio, Samuel Buis, Roberto Confalonieri, Job Fugice, Tamon Fumoto, Donald Gaydon, Soora Naresh Kumar, Tanguy Lafarge, Manuel Marcaida Iii, Yuji Masutomi, Hiroshi Nakagawa, Philippe Oriol, Françoise Ruget, Upendra Singh, Liang Tang, F Tao, Hitomi Wakatsuki, Daniel Wallach, Yulong Wang, Lloyd Ted Wilson, Lianxin Yang, Yubin Yang, Hiroe Yoshida, Zhao Zhang, Jianguo Zhu. Causes of variation among rice models in yield response to CO2 examined with Free-Air CO2 Enrichment and growth chamber experiments. Scientific Reports. 2017; 7 (1):1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleToshihiro Hasegawa; Tao Li; Xinyou Yin; Yan Zhu; Kenneth Boote; Jeffrey Baker; Simone Bregaglio; Samuel Buis; Roberto Confalonieri; Job Fugice; Tamon Fumoto; Donald Gaydon; Soora Naresh Kumar; Tanguy Lafarge; Manuel Marcaida Iii; Yuji Masutomi; Hiroshi Nakagawa; Philippe Oriol; Françoise Ruget; Upendra Singh; Liang Tang; F Tao; Hitomi Wakatsuki; Daniel Wallach; Yulong Wang; Lloyd Ted Wilson; Lianxin Yang; Yubin Yang; Hiroe Yoshida; Zhao Zhang; Jianguo Zhu. 2017. "Causes of variation among rice models in yield response to CO2 examined with Free-Air CO2 Enrichment and growth chamber experiments." Scientific Reports 7, no. 1: 1-13.
The study was undertaken to assess the effect of environmental, management, and stress factors on nitrogen uptake patterns through the crops’ growth cycle and to associate temporal patterns of N uptake with biomass and grain yields. Existing complete experimental data, provided by several institutional databases and through an extensive literature review, were utilized together with crop simulation models (CSMs) to synthesize yield and N uptake profiles of the key staple cereal crops in selected agro-ecologies. Approximately 465 observations were identified for combined maize grain yield and plant N uptake: 156 for rice and 254 for wheat. The Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT), which comprises CSMs and data that integrate capabilities on soils, daily weather, crops, and management, was used in combination with field information to first validate the CERES-maize, -rice, and -wheat models. The most noteworthy results from synthesis of the data set for the three key cereals were as follows: (a) N uptake continued to increase with time until physiological maturity with adequate N supply; (b) significant effect of soil N status on N uptake kinetics was observed at zero N; (c) N uptake profile was also influenced by the planting date, with the summer planting showing higher uptake than other planting dates; (d) field methods of N application influenced N uptake kinetics: a one-time injected or subsurface-applied urea continued to provide an adequate amount of N throughout the crop growth phase that was comparable or even higher than with broadcasting multiple splits; (e) N uptake was also dependent on crop cultivars, including stages of vegetative and reproductive phases, with shorter vegetative and longer reproductive phases showing continuous N uptake and lesser dependence on N remobilization; and (f) predictions suggested that modest changes in ambient temperature and atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations would not significantly alter the N uptake kinetics, with the uptake rate expected to increase under future climate change scenarios. The combined data suggest that no one N uptake kinetic pattern fits all crops under all environments and management practices.
Sampson Agyin-Birikorang; Job Fugice; Upendra Singh; Joaquin Sanabria; Sanjib Choudhuri. Nitrogen uptake kinetics of key staple cereal crops in different agro-ecological regions of the world. Journal of Plant Nutrition 2017, 40, 995 -1023.
AMA StyleSampson Agyin-Birikorang, Job Fugice, Upendra Singh, Joaquin Sanabria, Sanjib Choudhuri. Nitrogen uptake kinetics of key staple cereal crops in different agro-ecological regions of the world. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 2017; 40 (7):995-1023.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSampson Agyin-Birikorang; Job Fugice; Upendra Singh; Joaquin Sanabria; Sanjib Choudhuri. 2017. "Nitrogen uptake kinetics of key staple cereal crops in different agro-ecological regions of the world." Journal of Plant Nutrition 40, no. 7: 995-1023.
With tighter environmental regulations and increasing energy costs over time, approaches to minimize losses from commercially available nitrogen (N) fertilizers have become more critical in recent times. An organically enhanced N fertilizer (OENF), manufactured from organic additives extracted from sterilized biosolids plus ammonium sulfate, was evaluated as an alternative N source relative to commercially available N sources, namely, ammonium sulfate and urea. The formulation was tested on corn in 2012 and 2013 at Jackson and Ames, Tennessee, under no-till and plow lands, respectively. Chemically OENF contains 14.9% N, 4.3% P2O5, 18.1% S, 0.6% Fe, and 3.3% OC. The N fertilizer sources were applied at N rates of 0, 85, 128, and 170 kg ha−1. The P, K, and Zn nutrients were adequately supplied. The OENF and ammonium sulfate produced plant biomass significantly greater than that of urea at N rates of ≥85 kg ha−1. Despite the fact that less P was supplied to the OENF treatments (36% less P), grain yields from the OENF were similar to those from both ammonium sulfate and urea at N rate of ≤128 kg N ha−1, but significantly greater than those from urea at 170 kg N ha−1. The fertilizer type used did not have any significant effects on disease and physical damage to the corn ears at any application rate tested. The OENF could be an alternative N source for crop production and may provide all or some of the P needs for corn production. Therefore, with additional environment benefits of encouraging recycling of municipal and domestic waste and as sources of N, P, S, Fe and organic matter, the use of OENF should be incorporated in various corn production systems.
John H. Winings; Xinhua Yin; Sampson Agyin-Birikorang; Upendra Singh; Joaquin Sanabria; Hubert J. Savoy; Fred L. Allen; Arnold Saxton. Agronomic effectiveness of an organically enhanced nitrogen fertilizer. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 2017, 108, 149 -161.
AMA StyleJohn H. Winings, Xinhua Yin, Sampson Agyin-Birikorang, Upendra Singh, Joaquin Sanabria, Hubert J. Savoy, Fred L. Allen, Arnold Saxton. Agronomic effectiveness of an organically enhanced nitrogen fertilizer. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems. 2017; 108 (2):149-161.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohn H. Winings; Xinhua Yin; Sampson Agyin-Birikorang; Upendra Singh; Joaquin Sanabria; Hubert J. Savoy; Fred L. Allen; Arnold Saxton. 2017. "Agronomic effectiveness of an organically enhanced nitrogen fertilizer." Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 108, no. 2: 149-161.
Drought decreases crop productivity, with economic consequences for farmers. For soybean, drought particularly affects the reproductive phase. There is therefore a need for strategies that minimize drought effects, such as agronomic fortification with micronutrients. Here, we evaluated the mitigation of drought stress in soybean using composite formulations of three micronutrient nanoparticles, ZnO, B2O3, and CuO, and their salts: ZnSO4·7H2O, H3BO3, and CuSO4·5H2O, in a greenhouse. The micronutrients were soil or foliar applied 3 weeks after seed germination. Drought was imposed at 50% field moisture capacity. We measured parameters related to growth, yield, and nutrient uptake dynamics during 19 weeks. Results show that drought decreased soybean shoot growth by 27% and grain yield by 54%. Application of salt formulations to soil was more effective than foliar application, in mitigating drought stress. For foliar application, the effects of nanoparticles and salts were similar. On average, the formulations reduced drought effects by increasing shoot growth by 33% and grain yield by 36%. On average, the formulations increased shoot N by 28%, K by 19%, Zn by 1080%, B by 74%, and Cu by 954%. Likewise, the formulations, on average, increased grain N by 35%, K by 32%, Zn by 68%, B by 56%, and Cu by 13%. In contrast, drought did not alter shoot P, but the formulations, on average, reduced shoot P by 33%. Whereas micronutrient salts are known to reduce drought effects in plants, our findings demonstrate for the first time a novel use of micronutrient nanoparticles to boost crop performance and N and P uptake under drought stress.
Christian O. Dimkpa; Prem S. Bindraban; Job Fugice; Sampson Agyin-Birikorang; Upendra Singh; Deborah Hellums. Composite micronutrient nanoparticles and salts decrease drought stress in soybean. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 2017, 37, 5 .
AMA StyleChristian O. Dimkpa, Prem S. Bindraban, Job Fugice, Sampson Agyin-Birikorang, Upendra Singh, Deborah Hellums. Composite micronutrient nanoparticles and salts decrease drought stress in soybean. Agronomy for Sustainable Development. 2017; 37 (1):5.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristian O. Dimkpa; Prem S. Bindraban; Job Fugice; Sampson Agyin-Birikorang; Upendra Singh; Deborah Hellums. 2017. "Composite micronutrient nanoparticles and salts decrease drought stress in soybean." Agronomy for Sustainable Development 37, no. 1: 5.
For most biophysical domains, differences in model structures are seldom quantified. Here, we used a taxonomy-based approach to characterise thirteen rice models. Classification keys and binary attributes for each key were identified, and models were categorised into five clusters using a binary similarity measure and the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean. Principal component analysis was performed on model outputs at four sites. Results indicated that (i) differences in structure often resulted in similar predictions and (ii) similar structures can lead to large differences in model outputs. User subjectivity during calibration may have hidden expected relationships between model structure and behaviour. This explanation, if confirmed, highlights the need for shared protocols to reduce the degrees of freedom during calibration, and to limit, in turn, the risk that user subjectivity influences model performance. A taxonomy-based approach was used to classify AgMIP rice simulation models.Different model structures often resulted in similar outputs.Similar structures often led to large differences in outputs.User subjectivity likely hides relationships between model structure and behaviour.Shared protocols are still needed to limit the risks during calibration.
Roberto Confalonieri; Simone Bregaglio; Myriam Adam; Françoise Ruget; Tao Li; Toshihiro Hasegawa; Xinyou Yin; Yan Zhu; Kenneth Boote; Samuel Buis; Tamon Fumoto; Donald Gaydon; Tanguy Lafarge; Manuel Marcaida; Hiroshi Nakagawa; Alex C. Ruane; Balwinder Singh; Upendra Singh; Liang Tang; Fulu Tao; Job Fugice; Hiroe Yoshida; Zhao Zhang; Lloyd T. Wilson; Jeff Baker; Yubin Yang; Yuji Masutomi; Daniel Wallach; Marco Acutis; Bas Bouman. A taxonomy-based approach to shed light on the babel of mathematical models for rice simulation. Environmental Modelling & Software 2016, 85, 332 -341.
AMA StyleRoberto Confalonieri, Simone Bregaglio, Myriam Adam, Françoise Ruget, Tao Li, Toshihiro Hasegawa, Xinyou Yin, Yan Zhu, Kenneth Boote, Samuel Buis, Tamon Fumoto, Donald Gaydon, Tanguy Lafarge, Manuel Marcaida, Hiroshi Nakagawa, Alex C. Ruane, Balwinder Singh, Upendra Singh, Liang Tang, Fulu Tao, Job Fugice, Hiroe Yoshida, Zhao Zhang, Lloyd T. Wilson, Jeff Baker, Yubin Yang, Yuji Masutomi, Daniel Wallach, Marco Acutis, Bas Bouman. A taxonomy-based approach to shed light on the babel of mathematical models for rice simulation. Environmental Modelling & Software. 2016; 85 ():332-341.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto Confalonieri; Simone Bregaglio; Myriam Adam; Françoise Ruget; Tao Li; Toshihiro Hasegawa; Xinyou Yin; Yan Zhu; Kenneth Boote; Samuel Buis; Tamon Fumoto; Donald Gaydon; Tanguy Lafarge; Manuel Marcaida; Hiroshi Nakagawa; Alex C. Ruane; Balwinder Singh; Upendra Singh; Liang Tang; Fulu Tao; Job Fugice; Hiroe Yoshida; Zhao Zhang; Lloyd T. Wilson; Jeff Baker; Yubin Yang; Yuji Masutomi; Daniel Wallach; Marco Acutis; Bas Bouman. 2016. "A taxonomy-based approach to shed light on the babel of mathematical models for rice simulation." Environmental Modelling & Software 85, no. : 332-341.
Interest in the use of alternate fertilizers has increased during recent years to improve soil productivity. An organically enhanced N fertilizer, containing 14.9% N, 4.3% P2O5, 18.1% S, 0.6% Fe, and 8% organic C, and is produced from a sterilized organic additive extracted from municipal wastewater biosolids and chemical fertilizers was evaluated for its effects on soil microbial populations and abundances in 0- to 15-cm depth of of two silt loam soils located at Jackson and Grand Junction, Tennessee. This treatment was compared to conventional N fertilizers and zero N control under nonirrigated corn (Zea mays L.) from 2011 to 2013. Three N-applied treatments (organically enhanced N fertilizer, ammonium sulfate, urea/NPKZn briquette) at 128/170 kg ha−1 and the zero N control were imposed at each location. The organically enhanced N fertilizer decreased the relative abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi but increased that of general microbes relative to the zero N control and increased that of general microbes compared with NPKZn briquette 4 to 7 months after their applications at an N rate of 128 kg ha−1 for corn within 2 years of experimentation on a relatively infertile soil with low organic matter. Soil general microbes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were the two sensitive indicators of soil microbial structure response to fertilization. However, effects of the organically enhanced N fertilizer on soil microbial populations were not noticeable after corn harvest. In conclusion, application of the organically enhanced N fertilizer has noticeable influence on soil microbial structure/abundance but not on populations on relatively infertile soils with low organic matter from a short-term perspective.
John H. Winings; Xinhua Yin; Sampson Agyin-Birikorang; Upendra Singh; Joaquin Sanabria; Hubert J. Savoy; Fred L. Allen; Arnold M. Saxton; Jared L. DeForest. Changes of Soil Microbial Population and Structure Under Short-term Application of an Organically Enhanced Nitrogen Fertilizer. Soil Science 2016, 181, 494 -502.
AMA StyleJohn H. Winings, Xinhua Yin, Sampson Agyin-Birikorang, Upendra Singh, Joaquin Sanabria, Hubert J. Savoy, Fred L. Allen, Arnold M. Saxton, Jared L. DeForest. Changes of Soil Microbial Population and Structure Under Short-term Application of an Organically Enhanced Nitrogen Fertilizer. Soil Science. 2016; 181 (11/12):494-502.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohn H. Winings; Xinhua Yin; Sampson Agyin-Birikorang; Upendra Singh; Joaquin Sanabria; Hubert J. Savoy; Fred L. Allen; Arnold M. Saxton; Jared L. DeForest. 2016. "Changes of Soil Microbial Population and Structure Under Short-term Application of an Organically Enhanced Nitrogen Fertilizer." Soil Science 181, no. 11/12: 494-502.
Optimum nitrogen rates and methods of application increase crop productivity and farm income while reducing negative environmental effects. Field experiments were conducted during four consecutive rice growing seasons in 2012–2013 to determine the effects of different N rates and methods of fertilizer application on floodwater ammonium concentration, rice yields and N use efficiency under two water regimes: continuous standing water and alternate wetting and drying (AWD). Fertilizer treatments included the use of deep placed urea briquettes and NPK briquettes (NPK), broadcast prilled urea (PU) and a control (without N). Deep placed fertilizer treatments irrespective of N rates and water regimes reduced floodwater ammonium similar to the control treatment, while broadcast PU treatment caused floodwater ammonium to increase as N rates increased. Deep placement of fertilizer above 52 and 78 kg N ha−1 during the Aus–Aman seasons (wet seasons) and during the Boro season (dry season), respectively, had no significant effects on grain yields but reduced N recovery. Although the differences in grain yields among deep placed and PU treatments were not significant, deep placement of 30 % less N compared to broadcast PU significantly increased N recovery (30–35 % vs. 48–55 %). AWD irrigation increased grain yield by 16 % along with increased harvest index, particularly under deep placed treatments. However, the effects of AWD on yield varied with seasons suggesting the need for long-term studies across different rice growing seasons and sites to arrive at more definitive conclusions.
S.M. Mofijul Islam; Yam Kanta Gaihre; A. L. Shah; Upendra Singh; Imran Ullah Sarkar; M. Abdus Satter; Joaquin Sanabria; Jatish Chandra Biswas. Rice yields and nitrogen use efficiency with different fertilizers and water management under intensive lowland rice cropping systems in Bangladesh. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 2016, 106, 143 -156.
AMA StyleS.M. Mofijul Islam, Yam Kanta Gaihre, A. L. Shah, Upendra Singh, Imran Ullah Sarkar, M. Abdus Satter, Joaquin Sanabria, Jatish Chandra Biswas. Rice yields and nitrogen use efficiency with different fertilizers and water management under intensive lowland rice cropping systems in Bangladesh. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems. 2016; 106 (2):143-156.
Chicago/Turabian StyleS.M. Mofijul Islam; Yam Kanta Gaihre; A. L. Shah; Upendra Singh; Imran Ullah Sarkar; M. Abdus Satter; Joaquin Sanabria; Jatish Chandra Biswas. 2016. "Rice yields and nitrogen use efficiency with different fertilizers and water management under intensive lowland rice cropping systems in Bangladesh." Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 106, no. 2: 143-156.
Efficient use of fertilizer is needed to meet the increasing food demand, minimize negative environmental impacts, and maximize farmers’ profits. Fertilizer deep placement (FDP)could be one of the best management techniques to achieve these multiple benefits. Experiments were conducted in 115 farmers’ fields spread over 35 upazilas across eight districts over nine contiguous rice (Oryza sativa L.) growing seasons during 2009 to 2012 in southern Bangladesh to compare the effects of deep placement of urea briquettes (UB) and nitrogen–phosphorus–potassium briquettes (NPK), with farmers’ broadcast prilled urea (PU) on rice yield and net economic return. Deep placement of either UB or NPK significantly increased grain yields and net economic return across all the rice-growing seasons and years compared to PU. Across the years, average yield increase in UB and NPK over PU was higher during the Aus and Aman (wet) seasons (21–31%) than in the Boro (dry) season (11–17%). In addition to increase in grain yield, deep placement of UB and NPK saved urea by 33 and 44%, respectively, during the Aus–Aman seasons, and by 35 and 28% during the Boro season. The deep placement of one 2.4 g NPK (∼44 kg N ha–1) for the Aus–Aman season and two NPK (87 kg N ha–1) for the Boro season would be more profitable for southern Bangladesh. The FDP also provides the greatest benefits under rainfed wet season conditions where farmers have little control of water management and timing of N application. Copyright © 2016. . Copyright © 2016 by the American Society of Agronomy, Inc.
Abdul Mazid Miah; Yam Kanta Gaihre; Grahame Hunter; Upendra Singh; Syed Afzal Hossain. Fertilizer Deep Placement Increases Rice Production: Evidence from Farmers’ Fields in Southern Bangladesh. Agronomy Journal 2016, 108, 805 -812.
AMA StyleAbdul Mazid Miah, Yam Kanta Gaihre, Grahame Hunter, Upendra Singh, Syed Afzal Hossain. Fertilizer Deep Placement Increases Rice Production: Evidence from Farmers’ Fields in Southern Bangladesh. Agronomy Journal. 2016; 108 (2):805-812.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdul Mazid Miah; Yam Kanta Gaihre; Grahame Hunter; Upendra Singh; Syed Afzal Hossain. 2016. "Fertilizer Deep Placement Increases Rice Production: Evidence from Farmers’ Fields in Southern Bangladesh." Agronomy Journal 108, no. 2: 805-812.
Fertilizer management should consider optimum time, rates and methods of application to increase use efficiency and crop yield. We conducted field experiments at Bangladesh Agricultural University, Bangladesh, to investigate the effects of deep placement of urea briquettes (UB) and NPK briquettes (NPK) compared to broadcast prilled urea (PU) at different N rates on dynamics of floodwater NH4+-N, ammonia (NH3) volatilization, rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) during four consecutive rice-growing seasons in 2012–2013. The floodwater NH4+-N and NH3 volatilization in broadcast PU increased with N rates, while in deep-placed treatments irrespective of N rates it was similar to the control. Across seasons and water regime, UB or NPK significantly (P < 0.05) increased grain yield and nitrogen recovery compared to broadcast PU. During the Boro season (across water regime), UB78 and NPK78 increased grain yield by 40 and 29 %, respectively, compared to broadcast PU78, while N recovery increased from 35 % of PU to 63–67 % in deep placement. Deep placement of UB52 or NPK52 during Aus–Aman and UB78 or NPK78 during Boro can be one of the best N management options for increasing NUE and crop yield. Alternate wetting and drying irrigation, though, had no significant effect on grain yield or on NUE. Its adoption could save irrigation water without any yield reduction during the Boro season. However, more studies across different soils, climate and management practices are needed for further understanding the interactive effects of fertilizer and water management on yield, NUE and soil fertility.
Azmul Huda; Yam Kanta Gaihre; M. R. Islam; Upendra Singh; R. Islam; Joaquin Sanabria; M. Abdus Satter; Hasina Afroz; Alee Halder; M. Jahiruddin. Floodwater ammonium, nitrogen use efficiency and rice yields with fertilizer deep placement and alternate wetting and drying under triple rice cropping systems. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 2016, 104, 53 -66.
AMA StyleAzmul Huda, Yam Kanta Gaihre, M. R. Islam, Upendra Singh, R. Islam, Joaquin Sanabria, M. Abdus Satter, Hasina Afroz, Alee Halder, M. Jahiruddin. Floodwater ammonium, nitrogen use efficiency and rice yields with fertilizer deep placement and alternate wetting and drying under triple rice cropping systems. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems. 2016; 104 (1):53-66.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAzmul Huda; Yam Kanta Gaihre; M. R. Islam; Upendra Singh; R. Islam; Joaquin Sanabria; M. Abdus Satter; Hasina Afroz; Alee Halder; M. Jahiruddin. 2016. "Floodwater ammonium, nitrogen use efficiency and rice yields with fertilizer deep placement and alternate wetting and drying under triple rice cropping systems." Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 104, no. 1: 53-66.
Yam Kanta Gaihre; Upendra Singh; S.M. Mofijul Islam; Azmul Huda; M.R. Islam; M. Abdus Satter; Joaquin Sanabria; R. Islam; A.L. Shah. Impacts of urea deep placement on nitrous oxide and nitric oxide emissions from rice fields in Bangladesh. Geoderma 2015, 259-260, 370 -379.
AMA StyleYam Kanta Gaihre, Upendra Singh, S.M. Mofijul Islam, Azmul Huda, M.R. Islam, M. Abdus Satter, Joaquin Sanabria, R. Islam, A.L. Shah. Impacts of urea deep placement on nitrous oxide and nitric oxide emissions from rice fields in Bangladesh. Geoderma. 2015; 259-260 ():370-379.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYam Kanta Gaihre; Upendra Singh; S.M. Mofijul Islam; Azmul Huda; M.R. Islam; M. Abdus Satter; Joaquin Sanabria; R. Islam; A.L. Shah. 2015. "Impacts of urea deep placement on nitrous oxide and nitric oxide emissions from rice fields in Bangladesh." Geoderma 259-260, no. : 370-379.
Upendra Singh; Paul Wilkens; Victor Chude; Sylvester Oikeh; P.C. Robert; R.H. Rust; W.E. Larson. Predicting the Effect of Nitrogen Deficiency on Crop Growth Duration and Yield. Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Precision Agriculture 2015, 1379 -1393.
AMA StyleUpendra Singh, Paul Wilkens, Victor Chude, Sylvester Oikeh, P.C. Robert, R.H. Rust, W.E. Larson. Predicting the Effect of Nitrogen Deficiency on Crop Growth Duration and Yield. Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Precision Agriculture. 2015; ():1379-1393.
Chicago/Turabian StyleUpendra Singh; Paul Wilkens; Victor Chude; Sylvester Oikeh; P.C. Robert; R.H. Rust; W.E. Larson. 2015. "Predicting the Effect of Nitrogen Deficiency on Crop Growth Duration and Yield." Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Precision Agriculture , no. : 1379-1393.