The leisure service function is an important component of the derivative function and non-market function of cultivated land. Therefore, exploring the strength of the cultivated land leisure service function with the help of spatial information technology is significant in guiding the proper utilization and protection of cultivated land resources. This paper constructed an evaluation system based on the three dimensions of ecological landscape, social activities, and economic performance, explored the spatial difference of the cultivated land leisure service function in Yuanyang County, the major grain-producing area along the Yellow River through spatial weighted overlay, classified the hot spots of leisure services and presented suggestions for improvement. Results show the following: (1) the landscape resources in the northern part are relatively monotonous, while those in the southern part are rich and evenly distributed. Spatial accessibility presents a distribution of “one core with multiple subcores”. The distribution of leisure service supply capacity is characterized by “multiple cores and multiple circles.” (2) The hot spots of the cultivated land leisure service function are the Urban Agricultural Central Area and the Ecological Agriculture Core Area in the middle of the county, and the Suburban Agritourism Development Area, the Yellow River Agritourism Transitional Area, and the Leisure Agriculture Connection Area on the periphery of the county. (3) The agricultural landscape should be fully protected and utilized in the Urban Agricultural Central Area. The spatial accessibility and regional reputation of the Ecological Agriculture Core Area need to be improved. The landscape diversity and landscape quality should be improved in the Suburban Agritourism Development Area. The Yellow River Agritourism Transitional Area needs to overcome the loss of tourists. The Leisure Agriculture Connection Area should increase the number of leisure and tourism facilities.

Climate risks are systematically under-observed in the world’s most vulnerable regions, compounding exposure by delaying preparedness and adaptation. Using 2.1 million news articles across 184 countries and 40 languages, combined with AI-assisted geolocation and human-in-the-loop validation, we expose global under-reporting of extreme heat events. We find that only a tiny fraction of identified extreme heat events enters widely used global disaster databases, while 63.38% remain unreported even across the most comprehensive global and local news coverage. Under-reporting is concentrated in places like equatorial Africa, the Amazon basin, small island states, such as the Caribbean, and polar adjacent regions, where limited early warning capacity, high vulnerability, and linguistic distance from dominant languages intersect. Under the high-emissions scenario SSP5-8.5, by 2050, the largest future heat burdens are concentrated in highly vulnerable countries that coincide with the most severe under-reporting of extreme heat. These countries are projected to incur economic losses 60.09% higher and mortality-related losses 46.40% higher than better-reported countries. Yet pervasive under-reporting suggests that even these severe loss projections remain conservative for regions with the highest vulnerability, reinforcing the urgency of loss-and-damage action.