Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, recurrent, inflammatory skin disease deriving from the hair follicles. The formation of inflammatory nodules, abscesses, fistulas, and sinus tracts is characterized by a large inflow of key pro-inflammatory mediators, such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1, IL-17, and IL-12/23. Adalimumab is currently the only Food and Drug Administration (FDA)- and European Medicines Agency (EMA)-approved biologic therapy for moderate to severe HS in adults and adolescents. However, the long-term effectiveness of this TNF-α inhibitor in HS patients has shown to be highly variable. This review aims to review the evidence for emerging therapies that target the main pro-inflammatory cytokines in HS pathogenesis. A review of the literature was conducted, using the PubMed and Google Scholar repositories, as well as Clinicaltrials.gov. Presently, the most promising biologics in phase III trials are anti-IL-17 antibodies, secukinumab, and bimekizumab. Furthermore, an anti-IL-1 biologic, bermekimab, is currently in phase II trials, and shows encouraging results. Overall, the clinical efficacies of all new targeted therapies published up to this point are limited. More studies need to be performed to clarify the precise molecular pathology, and assess the efficacy of biological therapies for HS.

Background and Objectives: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent, chronic, relapsing itchy skin disorder, affecting up to 20% of the pediatric population. Topical corticosteroids are the cornerstone of AD treatment, but their use is often limited due to topical corticosteroid phobia among parents. Research on chronic illnesses highlights the significant role of personality traits in treatment adherence, with emotional stability and conscientiousness—within the framework of the Five-Factor Model—emerging as key predictors. The aim of our study was to examine the relationship between parental personality traits and their adherence to the treatment of their children with AD. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Dermatovenereology, University Hospital of Split, involving 90 parents of children diagnosed with AD. Personality traits were evaluated using the abbreviated version of the International Personality Item Pool Big-Five Personality Questionnaire (IPIP 50s). Treatment adherence was assessed through a valid and reliable questionnaire, the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Statistical analyses were performed using JASP v.0.18.1.0. Results: According to MMAS-8, only a small proportion of the sample reported having high adherence (14.4%). The only significant associations between personality traits and adherence were found between conscientiousness and adherence and emotional stability and adherence, where more conscientious participants and more emotionally stable participants reported higher scores. Conclusions: The results suggest that parents of children with AD with higher scores on conscientiousness and emotional stability are more likely to demonstrate better treatment adherence. These insights may encourage a holistic and multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of children with AD, with an emphasis on providing psychological support to both the children and their parents in order to improve treatment adherence and the further clinical course of the disease.

Background and Objectives: Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory dermatosis affecting approximately 125 million people worldwide. Biologic therapy (BT) has significantly improved treatment outcomes for moderate-to-severe psoriasis, but real-world adherence to these therapies is not fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate adherence to BT among patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis and examine how general and treatment-specific beliefs about BT are associated with adherence. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from March to August 2025 at the University Hospital of Split, Croatia. A total of 122 adults with moderate-to-severe psoriasis receiving interleukin-17 or interleukin-23 inhibitors completed validated Croatian versions of the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire–General (BMQ-G), Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire–Specific (BMQ-S), and the Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS-5). Adherence was assessed using MARS-5, and beliefs were analyzed using BMQ-G, BMQ-S, and the Necessity–Concerns Framework. Correlation and group-based analyses were used to explore associations between beliefs, adherence, and sociodemographic factors. Results: Adherence to BT was high, with 96.7% of participants reporting that they use their medication as prescribed and 84.4% stating they always followed dosing instructions. Most participants endorsed strong necessity beliefs regarding BT; however, concerns remained common—40.2% reported worry about long-term effects and 15.6% about dependence. General beliefs about medicines influenced treatment-specific perceptions: BMQ-G Overuse scores were negatively correlated with adherence (r = −0.27; p = 0.003) and positively correlated with BMQ-Specific concerns. Participants classified as Distrustful (low necessity, high concerns) made up 31.1% of the cohort and had the highest Harm and Overuse scores. Lower educational attainment was associated with stronger negative beliefs about medicines. Conclusions: Although adherence to BT was high, a considerable proportion of patients expressed residual concerns, especially those with more negative general beliefs about medicines. These findings underscore the importance of assessing medication beliefs in routine care. Tailored education and communication strategies may help address concerns and support long-term adherence to BT in psoriasis.

Background and Objectives: This study demonstrates the factor structure and reliability of the Croatian version of the TOPICOP (Topical Corticosteroid Phobia) questionnaire, thereby contributing to further validation and standardization of the measurement of topical corticophobia with dermatological patients or their parents, which directly affects patient or parent compliance, as well as the final therapeutic effect. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional, observational study was conducted at the University Hospital Centre Split, Department of Dermatovenerology. The research involved inviting 120 participants (age 12–68) who attended the University Hospital Centre Split’s Atopy School, patients examined in the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic of the University Hospital Centre Split and diagnosed with atopic dermatitis (AD) or allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), and parents or legal representatives of patients younger than 12 years old. The TOPICOP questionnaire consists of 12 items assessing the three different components of topical corticophobia (worries, beliefs, and behaviour). Respondents evaluated their perception of the correctness of each statement within 10 min of filling out the questionnaire on a four-point Likert scale. Results: The response rate was 94%, resulting in a sample of 113 respondents (109 adults and 4 children). Factor analysis yielded one common factor of relatively high reliability (Cronbach α = 0.85, 95% CI 0.81 to 0.89). No differences were found in questionnaire scores between male and female participants, nor between the parents/legal representatives of dermatological patients and other patients. Conclusions: This research contributes to further development of the appropriate measuring instrument, its practical application, and thus, the better recognition, resolution, and prevention of topical corticophobia as part of the better overall healthcare and treatment of chronic dermatological patients.