Protective fungicides are sensitive to environmental conditions such as rainfall and solar radiation. Therefore, it is important to prolong the biological activity and fungicide resistance to the above-mentioned factors that can be achieved by adding a wetting agent to the working solution. Additionally, the quality and efficiency of preventive contact fungicides significantly depend on the application technique. Thus, it is important to make the right choice of the nozzles and adjust the working parameters of the treatment. The aim of this work is to determine the influence of a wetting agent and type of nozzle on copper hydroxide (2 L ha⁻²) deposits on sugar beet leaves. Experiments are set up under laboratory and field conditions. A pinole-based wetting agent is applied at three rates (0.3, 0.6, and 1.0 L ha⁻¹) and two types of nozzles are used (standard with flat jet and modern turbo-drop twin-jet). A brilliant blue tracer is added to a working solution to enable the measurement of copper hydroxide deposits. The deposit amount is recorded before and after the rain simulation (15 L m⁻²) with a spectrophotometer light beam. In order to ensure the timeliness of the application of fungicides, remote sensing of vegetative indices is used as an indicator of disease occurrence. The results indicated an increase in copper hydroxide deposits with the increase in wetting agent rates for both types of nozzles and in both laboratory and field experiments. Moreover, when applying the copper hydroxide mixtures with modern turbo drop nozzles, the increase in copper hydroxide deposit is significant, compared to the standard nozzles.

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, the scientific journal of the Mendel University in Brno, Czech Republic

Precision agriculture involves better management of "inputs" such as fertilizers, pesticides seeds... Use of precision farming techniques and technologies "inputs" will be used in proper time and in exactly right quantities in the production of oil and other agricultural crops. Better management of "input" is realized by application of the system variable seeding, fertilizing and application of the pesticide. Systems of variable seeding, fertilization and pesticide application should not be hastily introduced because it can cause the opposite effect and lead to problems in the efficiency of the existing conventional production system. Systems of variable seeding, fertilization and pesticide applications should be introduced in the period of 3-5 years, taking into account the cultures and the surfaces to which they relate.

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, the scientific journal of the Mendel University in Brno, Czech Republic

This paper presents the basic information on the technology of harvesting, storage and processing line for apple in order to adapt to market conditions and requirements for fresh fruit throughout the year. Modern refrigerators are not in themselves sufficient for a successful fruit storage and preserving their quality. Particular attention is necessary to focus on the quality of the fruit to be entered in the refrigerator. In this paper are given experiences with determining the optimal moment of harvesting apples for storage in ULO refrigerated, as well as recommendations for their storage in ULO chambers. Special attention was paid to calibration and selection of apples, as well as measures essential for the establishment of higher market value of the fruit.

Good effectivenes of sunflower desiccation with hidraulyc sprayer is possible only with good nozzles choice. Results of reaserch shown in this paper are confirm that. Statistic analyse of date about yield are shown that there is important difference at statistical level in yield size with desiccation by nozzles LU 120-04 i AIXR 120-04 according yield size obtained with nozzles IDK 120-04 i IDKT 120-04. Also, important difference are present in yield size of control according desiccation treatment with nozzles LU 120-04, AIXR 120-04 i IDK 120-04. Percentage of moisture according statistical analyse shown important difference at statistical level only between treatmants with nozzles LU 120-04 i IDKT 120-04. Statistic analyse of oil percentage in seed did not show any important difference at statistical level between treatment with different nozzles and contol. Also there is no any important difference between different nozzles treatment. Results of this reaserch shown that it very important to choose good nozzles type for desiccation according crops and weather condition.