Oedaleus decorus is a widely distributed acridid over the Eurasian semi-arid territories, from the Atlantic coast to the Pacific coast. In many semi-arid territories, O. decorus was and is the most important pest, but in the south-eastern part of West Siberian Plain, it was not considered a pest until the 1960s. We compared two sets of data on the acridid distribution in the region: before 1960 and from 1961 until 2021. Until the 1960s, the species occurred mainly in the southern steppes. Since the 1960s, its distribution changed significantly. Nowadays, it occupies almost all local steppes and the southern part of the forest-steppes and can be also found on the eastern side of the Ob River. These shifts may be explained by both climatic changes and changes in human activities. During upsurges the densities of O. decorus were often more than one to two adults per square meter. It is often abundant in the same habitats and in the same periods as the Italian locust (Calliptamus italicus)—one of the most important acridid pests. This means during joint outbreaks these two species can simultaneously damage almost all spectrum of plants.

Grasshoppers (Acridoidea) are one of the most essential components of grassland ecosystems. They are mainly primary consumers and some of them, e.g., the Italian locust, may be very important pests. The main goal of this article is to discuss possible shifts in the species distribution relative to global and local changes. General patterns of latitudinal, longitudinal, and altitudinal distribution of its populations are revealed for the eastern part of its range (mainly from 70° E eastward). Data on its historic and modern localities with geographic coordinates were collected and analyzed. The Maxent approach was used to model species distribution. The comparative analysis shows there are no significant changes in its range. The analysis of altitudinal distribution over mountains of the region demonstrates no significant changes as well. The expected distribution of Calliptamus italicus based on the location points displays significant changes in areas suitable for the species and their evident associations with outbreak occurrences. The models created for 2021–2040 and 2041–2060 unveil that, in the future, the local parts of the Italian locust range may shift northward and north-eastward, but the main areas with suitable conditions for this species will remain almost the same.

This paper presents a review of the development of basic concepts that describe the organization of river ecosystems. The first zonal models of river description, as well as the transition to...

Grasshoppers are one of the most important groups of primary consumers in the mountains of Inner Asia. During outbreaks, they can eradicate all or almost all green phytomass. Besides, these mountains are also home for many endemic taxa. The goal of the article is to reveal the main patterns of acridid altitudinal distribution and its feasible alterations in the mountains of Inner Asia relative to climate change and alteration of human activity. Altitudinal distribution patterns are revealed for the different mountains of Inner Asia, and their peculiarities are characterized. The significant contrast is shown between the northern parts of the region where the altitudinal long-term shifts in grasshopper distribution are absent or very weak and its central and, probably, southern areas wherever such alterations look like extremely considerable. The results of distribution modelling of two mountain endemics (Stenobothrus newskii and S. kirgizorum) are discussed. In this context, importance of adding the data on altitudes is shown. The main trends in grasshoppers’ distribution alterations are characterized for the mountains of Inner Asia. However, these trends are multidirectional and the reasons determining them are not always obvious, problems arise in assessing the factors determining the shifts in the altitudinal boundaries of ranges, and the actual state and probable fate of mountain populations of both possible pests and rare and/or endemic species.