Recent studies have shown that the gut microbiota plays an important role in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal diseases in various animal species. There are only limited data on the microbiome in cats with varying grades of dysbiosis. The purpose of the study was a detailed analysis of the quantitative and qualitative fecal microbiota spectrum in cats with intestinal dysbiosis of varying severity. The data obtained indicate that, depending on the dysbiosis severity in cats, the intestinal microbiome landscape changes significantly. It has been established that, depending on the dysbiosis severity, there is a shift in the balance between the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial pools and in the nature of the isolation of specific bacteria forms, in the amount of obligate microbiota isolation, as well as individual facultative strains. When analyzing the serotyping of E. coli cultures isolated at various grades of intestinal dysbiosis severity, differences were found both in the isolation amount of various serotypes from one animal and in the prevalence of certain serotypes for each disease severity. A retrospective analysis of the fecal microbiota sensitivity in cats with dysbiosis to antibacterial drugs showed that, depending on the disease severity, the number of isolates sensitive to antibiotics increases significantly.

Liver neoplasms are problematic among small domestic animals. The etiological cause of hepatocellular carcinomas in domestic animals is still unknown although it is believed that chronic infections and toxic substances can affect the development of this type of tumor. This study aimed to analyze the clinical and morphological characteristics of canine hepatocellular carcinoma. In total, 6,958 cancer operations were performed in the clinic. Liver tumors were detected in 123 dogs in vivo and 375 dogs postmortem. All animals with suspected liver neoplasm were assessed, including history, clinical examination, complete blood count, biochemical blood tests, radiographic examination, and ultrasound with a biopsy for performing cytological and histological analyses. Hepatocellular carcinomas have nonspecific clinical manifestations, also a characteristic aspect of other tumors of the hepatobiliary system. The hematological changes have an impact on the prognosis, and biochemical abnormalities reflect the changes in liver activity. The cytological diagnosis of hepatocellular tumors is difficult because of hepatocyte atypia in highly differentiated carcinomas. Finally, a histological examination was performed in all the dogs diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma. Hematological changes in dogs with hepatocellular carcinoma affect their prognosis. Biochemical abnormalities of this pathology reflect the changes in liver activity, not indicating a specific pathology. However, an increase in the activity of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase is an unfavorable prognostic sign. In this study, five of seven dogs with a tumor size of more than 5.0 cm had a life expectancy of 30, 51, and 91 days, suggesting that the size of the tumor is an adverse prognostic factor.

Keywords | K eratoconjunctivitis sicca, Autologous platelet-rich plasma, Subconjunctival injection, Cornea, Dog.

| This article discusses the issues of changes in clinical, laboratory and instrumental parameters in black-and-white cows with increased body condition. The aim of the study is to establish the relationship between the increased fatness in black-and-white cows and clinical, tonometric, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, biochemical parameters. The studies were carried out on clinically healthy black-and-white cows during the dry period 60 days before calving. All animals had one completed lactation. The experimental and control groups included cows with a milk yield for the previous lactation> 7500 kg, with a body condition score of> 4.25 points. The control group included clinically healthy cows with a body condition score of 3.0–3.5 points. Clinical, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, and biochemical parameters were assessed. Increased body condition in black-and-white dairy cows leads to a significant increase in heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure. In obese black-and-white cows, a significant increase in serum activity of alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase. In black-and-white cows, with an increase in body condition, the cardiovascular system becomes more active, a tendency to the development of arterial hypertension, hepatopathy, and oxidative stress. Control of the body condition score, clinical, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic and biochemical parameters in dairy cows helps to prevent metabolic pathologies.