Drug repurposing is a more inexpensive and shorter approach than the traditional drug discovery and development process. The concept of identifying a potent molecule from a library of pre-existing molecules or an already approved drug has become a go-to tactic to accelerate the identification of drugs that can prevent COVID-19. This seemingly uncontrollable disease is caused by SARS-CoV-2. It is a novel virus of the Betacoronavirus genus, exhibiting similarities to the previously reported SAR-CoV genome structure and viral pathogenesis. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and the rapid outbreak of COVID-19 have resulted in a global pandemic. Researchers are hard-pressed to develop new drugs for total containment of the disease, thus making the cost-effective drug repurposing a much more feasible approach. Therefore, the current review attempts to collate both the experimental and computational drug repurposing strategies that have been utilized against significant drug targets of SARS-CoV-2. Along with the strategies, the available druggable targets shall also be discussed. However, the occurrence of frequent recombination of the viral genome and time-bound primary analysis, resulting in insignificant data, are two major challenges that drug repurposing still faces.

Malaria, the severe vector-borne disease has embedded serious consequences on mankind since ages, causing deterioration of health, leading to deaths. The causative parasite has a wide distribution aligned from tropical to subtropical regions. Out of all the five species Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum have registered about more than 600 million cases worldwide. Throughout the decades, identification of various antimalarial drugs, targets, preventive measures and advancement of vaccines were achieved. The key to executing malaria elimination is the appropriate laboratory diagnosis. Development includes positive scientific judgments for a vaccine, advanced progress of 3 non-pyrethroid insecticides, novel genetic technologies, possibilities to alter malaria parasite mediation by the mosquito, identification of drug resistance markers, initiation of Plasmodium vivax liver stage assessment, perspective to mathematical modeling and screening for active ingredients for drugs and insecticides. Although the last century witnessed many successful programs with scientific progress, however, this was matched with notable obstacles. The mutation in the genes has changed the overall gameplay of eradication. This chapter aims to examine the numerous experimental and theoretical works that have been established in the last two decades along with the ongoing methodologies consisting of detailed explanations necessary for the establishment of new targets and drugs.

Purpose: Indiscriminate use of antibiotics since a long time has led to the emergence of organisms resistant to many antibiotics. This study was carried out for genotyping of metallo beta lactamase (MBL) producing P.aeruginosausing pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and compare the PFGE pattern with the antibiotic susceptibility pattern obtained. Methods: In this study the MBL producing P.aeruginosa isolates were subjected to antibiotic sensitivity test against 9 antibiotics and further subjected to PFGE to determine their genetic pattern. Results: All the isolates were resistant to meropenem(10μg) and 88% were resistant to imipenem(10 μg). Isolates showed maximum sensitivity to amikacin (30 μg) and ciprofloxacin (5μg).Identical PFGE pattern was observed in 23 out of 25 isolates and 2 isolates were found to have completely different pattern. Conclusion: Our findings show a dominant genomic pattern of the MBL isolates although the phenotypic antibiotic resistance test showed no conclusive phenotypic pattern.