The addition of nanodispersed powders to the area of welded joint is a promising control mechanism of controlling the properties of the weld metal. This article is aimed at determining the influence of TiN, TiCN, and WC nanoparticles (<100 nm) on the structure and the properties of the welded joint.

Today autografts are considered to be an optimal material for bone grafting. However, the collection of material and its clinical use is associated with several serious drawbacks, and therefore, in reconstructive surgery, a search for alternative treatment approaches is being conducted. A bone transplant from another person (allo-osteoplasty) is the most natural and logical option for replacing an autobone. Since 1965, allogeneic implants of a partially demineralized bone matrix combining osteoinductive and osteoconductive action have been used in clinical practice. However, the clinical results of the use of this material turned out to be ambiguous, which is due, first of all, to the significant variability of the osteoplastic potential of its various samples. For this reason, in clinical practice, sometimes preference is given to samples of non-demineralized allobone, which retain its structure longer. In this paper, we consider factors affecting the osteoinductive activity of a partially demineralized bone matrix, related both to the technological issues of its preparation and to the clinical conditions of use. Issues of the possible improvement of this material were discussed with a view to its further use in medical practice.

Сalcium phosphate materials have been applied in clinical medicine since 1920. Among calcium phosphate materials, hydroxyapatite (HAp) is traditionally of the greatest interest, because HAp is the main inorganic component of bone tissues. However, synthetic HAр ceramics subjected to high-temperature processing, as it turned out, have a rather limited use as an osteoplastic material. Since 1990, due to advances in chemical technology, new materials of pasty nanocrystalline HAр have been developed, which are promising for the directed influence on the process of bone tissue regeneration. This review briefly summarizes the experimental and clinical data related to the application of micro- and nano-sized hydroxyapatite, and evaluated the potential of pasty nanocrystalline HAp as a material for guided bone regeneration.

Objective: to study the possibilities and effectiveness of treatment of patients with hemimasticatory spasm (HMS) with injections of botulinum neuroprotein type A (BNPA). The authors present a clinical case of long-term HMS: a 50-year-old patient, who suffered from the age of 20 from frequent involuntary muscle contractions that occurred in the temporal and masticatory muscles of the left half of the face. The patient was observed by neurologists for a long time, while the prescribed therapy did not have a satisfactory result. In the process of a comprehensive examination of the patient, in addition to intense involuntary contraction and pronounced hypertrophy of the affected muscles, secondary compensatory changes in other masticatory muscles were revealed, both on the side of the lesion and on the opposite side. BNPA treatment led to a robust improvement in the patient's condition.For patients with a long course of HMS and hypertrophy of the muscles involved in the pathological process, the use of bilateral injections of BNPA is the method of choice, since it not only effectively reduces the number of episodes, but also restores muscle balance, and also restores the motor function of the entire masticatory muscle group.

Background. In recent decades, new surgical technologies for the treatment of patients with mandibular fractures have been introduced into clinical practice. However, the incidence of complications still remains high, practically not differing from the values 30 years ago. According to the Russian Dental Association, the incidence of complications is 1519%. Probably, the introduction of rules governing the use of new methods of treatment can change the current situation for general clinical practice. Aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the algorithm for the surgical treatment of patients with mandibular fractures, developed on the basis of clinical observations and biomechanical studies, based on significant clinical material. Methods. A retrospective study over a 3-year period of medical records of inpatients with mandibular fractures and their complications was carried out, in the surgical treatment of which, in the conditions of the basic clinic, the surgical algorithm developed by the authors was used. Results. Case histories of 442 patients who met the search criteria were examined. In terms of the composition of the patients included in the study group, it reflects a typical picture for this type of injury, which is typical for domestic clinical practice. The incidence of postoperative complications was 4.1% (of which accompanied by a prolongation of treatment 2% of cases). Conclusion. The results of this work showed that the real percentage of complications in patients with injuries of the lower jaw can be significantly reduced due to strict compliance with the requirements of the algorithm, which was shown by a retrospective analysis of medical records of inpatients over a three-year period, reflecting the results of treatment of a significant number of patients. The data obtained can serve as the basis for appropriate multicenter clinical trials.