This review focuses on the synthesis, properties and selected applications of heavy pnictogen chalcohalides, i.e. compounds of the MQX stoichiometry, where M = As, Sb, and Bi; Q = O, S, Se, and Te; and X = F, Cl, Br and I. The first section focuses on their synthesis and crystal structures, and the second section discusses the electronic structure on the basis of quantum chemical modelling and selected experimental data. Finally, the third section discusses their electrical, photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic properties and applications. In contrast to perovskites, chalcopyrites and kesterites, chalcohalides have attracted relatively less attention, but their structure and properties are well suited for numerous applications.

The alkaline copper(II) lactate system is the most popular system applied in the electrochemical synthesis of Cu ₂ O films designed for various purposes. The present work describes step by step the mechanism of electrode reactions accompanying the cathodic polarization of the electrode within a potential range from 0 to −1.0 V in copper lactate based electrolyte. Anodic processes related to the oxidation of products formed during cathodic sweep are also analyzed in detail. The performed studies indicate sequence and mechanisms of reduction of species present in the electrolyte, secondary reduction of products of cathodic reactions as well as oxidation of various species formed at the electrode surface.

Magnesium alloys, due to their unique properties, low density and high strength properties, are becoming more frequently used in industrial applications. However, a limitation of their use may be the need to ensure high abrasive wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Therefore, magnesium alloys are often protected by applying protective coatings. The paper presents the influence of the modification of the electrolyte composition, with or without the addition of borax, on the morphology (observed by SEM method) and phase composition (analyzed by EDS and XRD) of the formed layers on the AZ91 magnesium alloy, and their abrasive wear (determined with Ball-on-Disc method) and corrosion resistance (evaluated using the immersion method and by electrochemical tests), especially in chloride solutions. It has been clearly demonstrated that the modification of the electrolyte composition significantly impacts the final properties of the protective coatings on the AZ91 alloy formed by the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process. On the basis of the results, it was found that the new type of PEO coatings with the borax addition, compared to base PEO coatings, showed significantly higher abrasion resistance and an order of magnitude lower corrosion rate.

The wear characteristics and related mechanisms of the Longwall Shearer Haulage System were investigated. Wear is one of the main reasons for failures and downtimes. This knowledge can help solve engineering problems. The research was carried out at a laboratory station and a test stand. The publication presents the results of tribological tests carried out in laboratory conditions. The aim research was to select the alloy intended for casting the toothed segments of the haulage system. The track wheel was made by the forging method using steel 20H2N4A. Haulage System was tested on the ground using a longwall shearer. Selected toothed segments were subjected to tests on this stand. The cooperation of the track wheel and toothed segments in the tootbar were analyzed by a 3D scanner. Debris chemical composition was also appointed, as well as mass loss of toothed segments. The developed solution toothed segment an increase in the service life of the track wheel in real conditions. The results of the research also contribute to reducing the operating costs of the mining process.