Health-related quality of life is among global health goals not only in adulthood but also in childhood and adolescence. Being a multi-component construct, health-related quality of life covers various domains, such as physical and psychological wellbeing and social and environmental areas. Bullying might significantly influence those domains especially in adolescence, a period of life when numerous personal and interpersonal transformations are experienced. Therefore, the aim of the current systematic review was to provide a comprehensive overview of the relationship of bullying with the health-related quality of adolescents’ lives. An electronic literature search was performed using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, and 3621 full-text articles were identified. After a selection process, 12 studies covering diagnosis, prevention and treatment for each of the three sections “adolescents”, “health related quality of life” and “bullying” were reviewed. An overall reduction in health-related quality of life in regard to bullying appeared from the studies analyzed, as well as a decline in adolescent mental health. Different bullying types were identified as causing harm to various adolescents‘ health-related quality of life domains. These findings may contribute to effective bullying management in schools and/or societal settings, and inform intervention strategies for maintaining the quality of life of adolescents being bullied.

The 24-hour Movement Behaviour (24-h MovBeh) paradigm, encompassing physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and sleep patterns, is recognised as a holistic approach to adolescent health. It emphasises promoting PA, reducing SB and ensuring sufficient sleep, especially in school environments. Understanding the links between lifestyle factors and health outcomes is crucial for clinical and public health, informing interventions for lifestyle changes among adolescents. This study aims to assess adherence to 24-h MovBeh among Lithuanian adolescents, examining the patterns, inter-relationships and impacts on socio-demographic status, 24-h MovBeh, health-related fitness, blood pressure, body composition, dietary patterns, health-related quality of life, mental health, physical and exercise motivation, other lifestyles and health indicators, and academic performance. The 24-h MovBeh study is a prospective cohort study beginning in 2025 with baseline data collected in schools. It will recruit 500 primary and secondary school adolescents (11–14 years old) from Klaipeda and Kaunas, Lithuania. The study will evaluate 11 main categories: Socio-demographic status, 24-h MovBeh, health-related fitness, blood pressure, body composition, dietary patterns, health-related quality of life, mental health, physical and exercise motivation, other lifestyles and health indicators, and academic performance. Statistical analysis will estimate adherence to 24-h MovBeh and its inter-relationships with individual and environmental factors and health outcomes. The 24-h MovBeh study will be a crucial step towards establishing a monitoring system for health and lifestyle outcomes, benefiting researchers, policymakers, adolescents, and parents, while laying the groundwork for future intervention studies.

This study explored the association between ideal cardiovascular health behaviors (ICHBs) and mental health and well-being in Baltic adolescents using data from the 2018 HBSC survey. ICHBs included smoking status, body mass index, physical activity, and healthy diet adherence. Mental health included low mood, irritability, nervousness, and sleep difficulties, while well-being included life satisfaction and self-reported health. Multi-regression analyses were performed. The study included 12,934 adolescents (mean age: 13.6 ± 1.6 years). Non-smokers, non-overweight individuals, and physically active participants were more likely to report good mental health, higher life satisfaction, and better self-reported health. Adherence to a healthy diet was linked to improved self-reported health and greater life satisfaction. Compared to those with four ICHBs (reference), adolescents with only one ICHB had higher odds of feeling low (OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.13–0.62), irritability (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.19–0.66), nervousness (OR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.13–0.55), and sleep difficulties (OR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.14–0.61). Adolescents with two ICHBs had higher odds of feeling low (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.20–0.97) and nervousness (OR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.19–0.83). These findings highlight the importance of promoting multiple ideal health behaviors to improve mental health and well-being among adolescents.