In North Africa, Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836 represents one of the most destructive generalists among mite herbivores. Unfortunately, it is a source of important annual casualties in crop production. It is a phytophagous mite that can feed on hundreds of host plants and produces significant damage. The control of T. urticae in North Africa has been principally based on acaricide sprays. However, new alternative methods have shown effective results, such as artificial ultraviolet-B, natural enemies, and the introduction of new genetic methods. This review aims to present a synthesis of information surrounding control methods of T. urticae in North Africa. We highlight the principal findings of previous studies. Then, we discuss current control methods and propose new innovative research and sustainable approaches to controlling this pest. The control method can potentially extrapolate in North African regions due to its positive ecological results. Further, studies proved the use of natural enemies, myco-metabolites, bacteria metabolites, and the introduction of a genetic method in an integrated long-term sustainable program that can successfully defeat the populations of T. urticae. We also discuss high-priority research guidelines to investigate new sustainable management strategies. Setting up an integrated long-term ecological monitoring program in different Northwest African countries and incorporating new technologies into monitoring programs is an urgent need to fight this devastating pest.

The activity of Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836, and its predators (Euseius stipulatus Athias-Henriot, 1960, Typhlodromus sp., and Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot, 1957) on two citrus varieties (Nules (Mandarin) and Valencia late (Orange)) was studied in citrus orchards in Machraa Belksiri at the Gharb region of Morocco in the years 2020–2021. In this trial, during the first year of monitoring, we detected that on the Valencia late variety (Citrus sinensis), the occupancy of leaves by T. urticae was important, with 3200 mobile forms (50%). The predator Typhlodromus sp. presented 1385 (22%), followed by E. stipilatus with 1186 mobile forms (18%), while P. persimilis presented the lowest number with 621 forms (10%). Conversely, on the Nules variety (Citrus Clementina), we found (52%) 2475 forms for the pest T. urticae. E. stipulatis was the most abandoning predator, with 1344 (28%), followed by Typhlodromus sp., with 944 (22%); however, the predator P. persimilis was absent. From our results, it can be concluded that synergistic control by these predators can reduce the rate of T. urticae and constitutes a sustainable alternative method in the absence of chemical control. Regarding the effect of the variety of the different mites studied, the varieties Nules and Valencia late showed no impact on the rates of E. 1tipulates and T. urticae, with relatively similar averages, while on the predator Typhlodromus sp. and P. persimilis, the varietal impact was important.

The survey was conducted during the period 2013-2016. A total of eight species belonging to subfamily Campopleginae, Cryptinae, Diplazontinae, Ichneumoninae, Pimplinae and Tryphoninae have been listed. The material of the family Ichneumonidae collected from Igdır of Eastern Turkey. All of them Lysibia nana (Gravenhorst, 1829) is reported for the first time Eastern Anatolia. Besides, Diadegma elishae (Bridgman,1884), Diadegma mediterraneum (Constantineanu, 1930), Lysibia nana (Gravenhorst, 1829), Promethes sulcator (Gravenhorst, 1829), Ichneumon confusor Gravenhorst, 1820 and Tryphon (Tryphon) atriceps Stephens, 1835 are reported for the first time from Igdır. In addition, Diadegma elishae (Bridgman,1884) and Ichneumon confusor Gravenhorst, 1820 are second exact locality both Eastern Anatolia Region and Turkey. A short zoocographical characterization and associated plants data of the specimens collected are given for each species.

Heterischnus ridibundus (Costa, 1885), a new record for Eastern Anatolia, is collected from Northeastern Anatolia (Iğdır) in Türkiye. The species is figured and the species which of the genus Heterichnus identified so far, is presented seasonal composition, distributional information, the first record of the species from Türkiye and reference information.

This study aims to evaluate the insecticidal activity of four bacterial strains against M. cerasi under both laboratory and field conditions, in order to provide a more sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to chemical insecticides. Four environmentally friendly bacterial strains were evaluated for their potential as biocontrol agents: Brevibacillus brevis (FD-1), Bacillus cereus (FD-63), Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kenyae (FDP-8), and Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (FDP-41). Experiments were conducted under both controlled laboratory and field conditions. Data showed that mortality rates ranged from 33.33% to 93.33% under controlled conditions and from 13.33% to 50% under field conditions over the 96 h period. B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (FDP-41) and B. thuringiensis subsp. kenyae (FDP-8) were the most effective bacterial strains against the aphids in controlled conditions. The percentage of mortality related to these applications was 93.33% and 80% in 96 h under laboratory conditions. However, the effectiveness of B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (FDP-41) was 50% at 96 h in the field. These findings suggest that B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki and B. thuringiensis subsp. kenyae hold significant potential as biological control agents against M. cerasi. Additionally, FDP-41 showed the lowest LT₅₀ value of 25.37 h in the laboratory and 86.40 h in the field. This indicates a much more rapid and potent effect on M. cerasi compared to other strains. As a result, it was concluded that these bacterial strains may be used successfully as biocontrol agents in the biological control of M. cerasi. Their successful use could reduce reliance on synthetic insecticides, thereby minimizing pesticide residues on crops and contributing to safer agricultural production and environmental sustainability.

This study is based on the material of the family Cleridae collected from various localities of Türkiye. The collected materials from different localities were identified, and faunistic records of 16 species belonging to two genera of two subfamilies are given. Among them, Trichodes Herbst 1792 were found the most abundant and widespread genera. Moreover, about 94% of the species were Trichodes genus. Moreover, new localities have been found for 11 species. Moreover, vertical distribution, seasonal composition, and geographical distribution are given for all species.