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Dr. Eugene Blythe
Coastal Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Poplarville, MS 39470, USA

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Plant Propagation
0 Aromatic plants
0 Fertilizer and irrigation management
0 Ornamental and floriculture crop production
0 Substrates for containerized plant production

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Journal article
Published: 19 August 2021 in Foods
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Fresh beef storage in the retail setting can be presented in a variety of packaging methods, and identifying an alternative such as vacuum packaging to current traditional methods could potentially increase shelf life and reduce meat waste. The objective of this study was to identify the influence of packaging film and lean trimming sources on fresh ground beef surface color during a simulated retail display period. There were no differences (p > 0.05) in surface color redness (a*), yellowness (b*), chroma, or hue angle regardless of packaging film or lean trimmings. However, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were greater (p < 0.05) for packages containing a greater percentage of CULL beef trimmings regardless of packaging film. In addition, pH values of ground beef packages did not differ (p > 0.05) among packaging film or lean trimming blends. Visual color did not differ (p > 0.05) throughout the simulated retail display period regardless of beef trimmings or packaging film. Microbial spoilage organisms were greater (p < 0.05) after the simulated display period. These results suggest that ground beef presented in a simulated retail setting using an alternative packaging platform, such as vacuum packaging, is plausible.

ACS Style

Hunter R. Smith; Barney S. Wilborn; Anna Grace Parnell; Tristan M. Reyes; Madison P. Wagoner; Laura E. Yoder; Eugene Blythe; Don R. Mulvaney; Soren P. Rodning; Mary K. Mullenix; Tom Bonner; Jason T. Sawyer. Impact of Packaging Film and Beef Trimmings on Ground Beef Shelf Life. Foods 2021, 10, 1923 .

AMA Style

Hunter R. Smith, Barney S. Wilborn, Anna Grace Parnell, Tristan M. Reyes, Madison P. Wagoner, Laura E. Yoder, Eugene Blythe, Don R. Mulvaney, Soren P. Rodning, Mary K. Mullenix, Tom Bonner, Jason T. Sawyer. Impact of Packaging Film and Beef Trimmings on Ground Beef Shelf Life. Foods. 2021; 10 (8):1923.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hunter R. Smith; Barney S. Wilborn; Anna Grace Parnell; Tristan M. Reyes; Madison P. Wagoner; Laura E. Yoder; Eugene Blythe; Don R. Mulvaney; Soren P. Rodning; Mary K. Mullenix; Tom Bonner; Jason T. Sawyer. 2021. "Impact of Packaging Film and Beef Trimmings on Ground Beef Shelf Life." Foods 10, no. 8: 1923.

Journal article
Published: 10 August 2021 in Horticulturae
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This paper summarizes the estimates of the total changes in sales, expenses, and income of participants of the horticulture research and extension programs at the Mississippi State University—Coastal Research and Extension Center for the past five years. Major items outline the estimation procedures for the past five years. The average annual values were used in estimating the total economic impacts of added gross sales, expenses, and incomes of participants in horticulture events. The cumulative total impacts reach USD 8.7 million in sales, 76 jobs, USD 1.4 million in labor income, USD 2.4 million in value-added, and USD 0.4 million in local, state, and federal taxes. In addition, the total willingness to pay for the horticulture program by the adult participants reached USD 1.8 million. In comparison, the annual public spending on the horticulture program averaged USD 1.4 million, creating additional substantial economic impacts to the region.

ACS Style

Benedict Posadas; Patricia Knight; Eric Stafne; Christine Coker; Gary Bachman; James DelPrince; Scott Langlois; Eugene Blythe. Economic Impacts of Horticulture Research and Extension at MSU Coastal Research and Extension Center. Horticulturae 2021, 7, 236 .

AMA Style

Benedict Posadas, Patricia Knight, Eric Stafne, Christine Coker, Gary Bachman, James DelPrince, Scott Langlois, Eugene Blythe. Economic Impacts of Horticulture Research and Extension at MSU Coastal Research and Extension Center. Horticulturae. 2021; 7 (8):236.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Benedict Posadas; Patricia Knight; Eric Stafne; Christine Coker; Gary Bachman; James DelPrince; Scott Langlois; Eugene Blythe. 2021. "Economic Impacts of Horticulture Research and Extension at MSU Coastal Research and Extension Center." Horticulturae 7, no. 8: 236.

Preprint
Published: 21 July 2021
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This paper summarizes the estimates of the total changes in sales, expenses, and income of participants of the horticulture research and extension programs at the Mississippi State University - Coastal Research and Extension Center for the past five years. Major items outline the estimation procedures for the past five years. The average annual values were used in estimating the total economic impacts of added gross sales, expenses, and incomes of participants in horticulture events. The cumulative total impacts reach $8.7 million in sales, 76 jobs, $1.4 million in labor income, $2.4 million in value-added, and $0.4 million in local, state, and federal taxes. In addition, the total willingness to pay for the horticulture program by the adult participants reached $1.8 million. In comparison, the annual public spending on the horticulture program averaged $1.4 million, creating additional substantial economic impacts to the region.

ACS Style

Benedict C. Posadas; Patricia R. Knight; Eric T. Stafne; Christine E.H. Coker; Gary Bachman; James DelPrince; Scott A. Langlois; Eugene K. Blythe. Quantitative Assessment of the Economic Impacts of Horticulture Research and Extension at MSU Coastal Research and Extension Center. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Benedict C. Posadas, Patricia R. Knight, Eric T. Stafne, Christine E.H. Coker, Gary Bachman, James DelPrince, Scott A. Langlois, Eugene K. Blythe. Quantitative Assessment of the Economic Impacts of Horticulture Research and Extension at MSU Coastal Research and Extension Center. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Benedict C. Posadas; Patricia R. Knight; Eric T. Stafne; Christine E.H. Coker; Gary Bachman; James DelPrince; Scott A. Langlois; Eugene K. Blythe. 2021. "Quantitative Assessment of the Economic Impacts of Horticulture Research and Extension at MSU Coastal Research and Extension Center." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 07 July 2021 in Animals
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The objective of this study was to validate the shelf-life of marinated and frozen chicken tenderloins. Treatments were randomly assigned to the age of the tenderloins post-harvest, days aged (DA): DA4, DA5, DA6, DA7, and DA8. Microbial analyses were used to analyze the growth of aerobic, psychotropic, and lactobacilli bacteria to assess the shelf-life of bulk-packaged chicken tenderloins. Tenderloins were sampled fresh, then vacuum tumbled in a marinade. After marination, the tenderloins were sampled with the remaining tenderloins packaged and frozen (−25 °C). After freezing the chicken tenderloins were slacked in a refrigerated cooler (2.2 °C) for up to 132 h (h) and sampled at 36 h, then every 24 h following. After marination, each treatment significantly (p< 0.05) decreased in aerobic and psychotropic counts except DA4. During slacking, no treatment crossed the threshold of 106 CFU/mL (Log 6) set for this study. Though none crossed the threshold, treatments DA4, DA5, and DA6 had significant (p< 0.05) increases in aerobic bacteria after 7 days of age. The psychotropic bacteria continuously grew at each sampling period, with DA4 and DA5 surpassing the other treatments (p< 0.05) at 108 h and 132 h reaching 105 CFU/mL. Every treatment remained below the spoilage threshold, suggesting that this method of storage is suitable for chicken tenderloin shelf-life.

ACS Style

Laura Yoder; John Rehm; Hunter Smith; Daniel Tigue; Barney Wilborn; Amit Morey; Christy Bratcher; Eugene Blythe; Jason Sawyer. Evaluation of Simulated Shelf-Life Conditions for Food Service Applications on Chicken Tenderloins. Animals 2021, 11, 2028 .

AMA Style

Laura Yoder, John Rehm, Hunter Smith, Daniel Tigue, Barney Wilborn, Amit Morey, Christy Bratcher, Eugene Blythe, Jason Sawyer. Evaluation of Simulated Shelf-Life Conditions for Food Service Applications on Chicken Tenderloins. Animals. 2021; 11 (7):2028.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laura Yoder; John Rehm; Hunter Smith; Daniel Tigue; Barney Wilborn; Amit Morey; Christy Bratcher; Eugene Blythe; Jason Sawyer. 2021. "Evaluation of Simulated Shelf-Life Conditions for Food Service Applications on Chicken Tenderloins." Animals 11, no. 7: 2028.

Journal article
Published: 16 December 2020 in Horticulturae
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This paper summarizes opinions on the economic impacts of horticulture research and extension at the Mississippi State University, Coastal Research and Extension Center. More than 8400 horticulture producers, master gardeners, research and extension staff, and nonprofit organizations participated in horticulture events during the last five years. Qualitative assessments of horticulture research and extension performed by the faculty and staff were solicited during voluntary surveys.

ACS Style

Benedict Posadas; Patricia Knight; Eric Stafne; Christine Coker; Eugene Blythe; Gary Bachman; James DelPrince; Scott Langlois. Qualitative Assessment of the Economic Impacts of Horticulture Research and Extension at MSU Coastal Research and Extension Center. Horticulturae 2020, 6, 106 .

AMA Style

Benedict Posadas, Patricia Knight, Eric Stafne, Christine Coker, Eugene Blythe, Gary Bachman, James DelPrince, Scott Langlois. Qualitative Assessment of the Economic Impacts of Horticulture Research and Extension at MSU Coastal Research and Extension Center. Horticulturae. 2020; 6 (4):106.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Benedict Posadas; Patricia Knight; Eric Stafne; Christine Coker; Eugene Blythe; Gary Bachman; James DelPrince; Scott Langlois. 2020. "Qualitative Assessment of the Economic Impacts of Horticulture Research and Extension at MSU Coastal Research and Extension Center." Horticulturae 6, no. 4: 106.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2020 in Horticulturae
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A series of experiments was conducted to evaluate variety selection and planting date for spring and fall season extension of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. (syn.: Lycoperisicon esculentum Mill.)) production in high tunnels in southeast Alabama. ‘BHN 640’, ‘Florida 91’, ‘Sun Leaper’, and ‘Carolina Gold’ were evaluated for early spring production in 2004. These varieties did not differ in total yield of marketable fruit; however, ‘BHN 640’ and ‘Sun Leaper’ produced higher early yields compared with the other varieties. ‘BHN 640’ and ‘Florida 91’ were evaluated for late-season extension in fall 2004. ‘BHN 640’ produced higher yields of large, medium, total marketable, and unmarketable fruit grades than ‘Florida 91’. In a study conducted in early 2005, higher yields of marketable fruit were produced from the first planting date (31 January) compared with the final of four planting date (25 Mar.). In summary, results indicated that season extension of tomato production in high tunnels was possible, with harvests three weeks earlier in the spring and 12 weeks later in the fall compared with typical field harvest dates. These early yields can command prices from $3.30 to $4.40US per kg of fruit.

ACS Style

Bradley Reeder; Wheeler Foshee; Eugene Blythe; Raymond Kessler; Joseph Kemble; Edgar Vinson; William Dozier; Larry Wells. High Tunnel Production of Tomatoes for Season Extension in Southeast Alabama. Horticulturae 2020, 6, 94 .

AMA Style

Bradley Reeder, Wheeler Foshee, Eugene Blythe, Raymond Kessler, Joseph Kemble, Edgar Vinson, William Dozier, Larry Wells. High Tunnel Production of Tomatoes for Season Extension in Southeast Alabama. Horticulturae. 2020; 6 (4):94.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bradley Reeder; Wheeler Foshee; Eugene Blythe; Raymond Kessler; Joseph Kemble; Edgar Vinson; William Dozier; Larry Wells. 2020. "High Tunnel Production of Tomatoes for Season Extension in Southeast Alabama." Horticulturae 6, no. 4: 94.

Preprint
Published: 19 November 2020
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This paper summarizes opinions on the economic impacts of horticulture research and extension at MSU Coastal Research and Extension Center. More than 8,400 horticulture producers, master gardeners, research and extension staff, and non-profit organizations participated in horticulture events during the last five years. Qualitative assessments of horticulture research and extension performed by the faculty and staff were solicited during voluntary surveys.

ACS Style

Benedict Posadas; Patricia Knight; Eric Stafne; Christine Coker; Eugene Blythe; James Delprince; Gary Bachman; Scott Langlois. Qualitative Assessment of the Economic Impacts of Horticulture Research and Extension at MSU Coastal Research and Extension Center. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Benedict Posadas, Patricia Knight, Eric Stafne, Christine Coker, Eugene Blythe, James Delprince, Gary Bachman, Scott Langlois. Qualitative Assessment of the Economic Impacts of Horticulture Research and Extension at MSU Coastal Research and Extension Center. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Benedict Posadas; Patricia Knight; Eric Stafne; Christine Coker; Eugene Blythe; James Delprince; Gary Bachman; Scott Langlois. 2020. "Qualitative Assessment of the Economic Impacts of Horticulture Research and Extension at MSU Coastal Research and Extension Center." , no. : 1.

Research article
Published: 20 September 2020 in Natural Product Communications
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The Mediterranean fruit fly or medfly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is one of the most economically important invasive pests worldwide, with over 300 known hosts. Essential oils have great promise for application in integrated pest management, where they function as natural repellents, attractants, and toxicants with a reduced impact on the environment. In this study, we evaluated essential oil from aerial parts of the African ginger bush, Tetradenia riparia (Hochst.) Codd (Lamiaceae), as a potential new attractant for male C. capitata. Tetradenia riparia essential oil (TREO) was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC)-flame ionization detection and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The primary compounds identified were fenchone (15%), δ-cadinene (11%), 14-hydroxy-β-caryophyllene (8%), and tau-cadinol (7%). In short-range laboratory bioassays with sterile male medflies, TREO exhibited attractancy comparable to that observed with a positive control, essential oil from tea tree ( Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden and Betche) Cheel.). This study provides the first report of C. capitata behavioral response to TREO. Further research is needed, particularly with the 2 enantiomers of fenchone, to determine the chemical constituents responsible for the attraction of C. capitata.

ACS Style

Eugene K. Blythe; Nurhayat Tabanca; Betul Demirci; Paul E. Kendra. Chemical Composition of Essential Oil From Tetradenia riparia and Its Attractant Activity for Mediterranean Fruit Fly, Ceratitis capitata. Natural Product Communications 2020, 15, 1 .

AMA Style

Eugene K. Blythe, Nurhayat Tabanca, Betul Demirci, Paul E. Kendra. Chemical Composition of Essential Oil From Tetradenia riparia and Its Attractant Activity for Mediterranean Fruit Fly, Ceratitis capitata. Natural Product Communications. 2020; 15 (9):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eugene K. Blythe; Nurhayat Tabanca; Betul Demirci; Paul E. Kendra. 2020. "Chemical Composition of Essential Oil From Tetradenia riparia and Its Attractant Activity for Mediterranean Fruit Fly, Ceratitis capitata." Natural Product Communications 15, no. 9: 1.

Journal article
Published: 07 April 2020 in Horticulturae
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Root zone temperature (RZT) in nursery containers commonly exceeds ambient temperature during the growing season, negatively impacting crop growth and quality. Black nursery containers absorb radiant heat resulting in excessive RZT, yet other types of containers and different substrates can moderate RZT. We conducted studies in Tennessee and Alabama to evaluate the effects of container type and substrate on RZT and growth of ‘Green Giant’ arborvitae (Thuja standishii × plicata ‘Green Giant’). Trade gallon arborvitae were transplanted into black, white, or air pruning containers filled with pine bark (PB) or 4 PB: 1 peatmoss (v:v) (PB:PM). Plants grown in PB:PM were larger and had greater shoot and root biomass than plants grown in PB, likely due to increased volumetric water content. Plant growth response to container type varied by location, but white containers with PB:PM produced larger plants and greater biomass compared with the other container types. Root zone temperature was greatest in black containers and remained above 38 °C and 46 °C for 15% and 17% longer than white and air pruning containers, respectively. Utilizing light color containers in combination with substrates containing peatmoss can reduce RZT and increase substrate moisture content thus improving crop growth and quality.

ACS Style

Anthony L. Witcher; Jeremy M. Pickens; Eugene K. Blythe. Container Type and Substrate Affect Root Zone Temperature and Growth of ‘Green Giant’ Arborvitae. Horticulturae 2020, 6, 22 .

AMA Style

Anthony L. Witcher, Jeremy M. Pickens, Eugene K. Blythe. Container Type and Substrate Affect Root Zone Temperature and Growth of ‘Green Giant’ Arborvitae. Horticulturae. 2020; 6 (2):22.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anthony L. Witcher; Jeremy M. Pickens; Eugene K. Blythe. 2020. "Container Type and Substrate Affect Root Zone Temperature and Growth of ‘Green Giant’ Arborvitae." Horticulturae 6, no. 2: 22.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2020 in Agronomy
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Container-grown nursery crops are commonly exposed to root zone stress due to inadequate moisture and supraoptimal root zone temperature (RZT). Compost substrates can improve water and nutrient retention but plant responses can vary due to physical and chemical properties. Dark color containers absorb solar radiation through the container side wall leading to excessive heat buildup in the substrate, yet white containers can reduce RZT. Compost substrates and container color were examined for effects on RZT and growth of “Green Giant” arborvitae (Thuja standishii × plicata “Green Giant”). “Green Giant” arborvitae were transplanted into white or black containers (11.3 L) filled with a pine bark substrate (PB) or PB mixed with compost (C) at two different proportions [PB:C (9:1) and PB:C (7:3)]. White containers reduced maximum RZT by up to 7 °C and RZT remained above 38 °C for only 3% of the time compared to 21% of the time in black containers. Shoot growth increased over 50% in white containers compared to black containers. Compost increased substrate volumetric water content (VWC), increased shoot growth by up to 24%, and reduced total irrigation volume by up to 40%. Utilizing white containers for minimizing RZT and compost-amended substrates to maintain adequate VWC can improve root and shoot growth and overall crop quality while reducing nursery production inputs.

ACS Style

Anthony L. Witcher; Jeremy M. Pickens; Eugene K. Blythe. Container Color and Compost Substrate Affect Root Zone Temperature and Growth of “Green Giant” Arborvitae. Agronomy 2020, 10, 484 .

AMA Style

Anthony L. Witcher, Jeremy M. Pickens, Eugene K. Blythe. Container Color and Compost Substrate Affect Root Zone Temperature and Growth of “Green Giant” Arborvitae. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (4):484.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anthony L. Witcher; Jeremy M. Pickens; Eugene K. Blythe. 2020. "Container Color and Compost Substrate Affect Root Zone Temperature and Growth of “Green Giant” Arborvitae." Agronomy 10, no. 4: 484.

Research article
Published: 01 November 2018 in Plant Disease
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Anthracnose is a destructive disease of strawberry caused by several Colletotrichum species including C. acutatum, C. fragariae, and C. gloeosporioides. Identification of anthracnose resistant strawberry germplasm has commonly relied on inoculation of whole plants with isolates of these pathogens. In this study, whole plants and detached leaves from 81 germplasm lines were inoculated with a conidial suspension of isolates of C. acutatum, C. fragariae, and C. gloeosporioides, incubated in the dark at 30°C, 100% relative humidity, for 48 h, and assessed for disease severity based on symptoms on inoculated petioles and leaves. The correlation between the disease severity ratings of the whole plants rated 30 days after inoculation and detached leaves rated 5 days after inoculation was determined. Based on leaf symptoms and petiole lesions, the association between the whole plant leaf disease severity rating (DSR) and detached leaf DSR was positive (rp = 0.70), and the association between the whole plant DSR and the detached leaf DSR was also positive (rp = 0.66). Whole plant and detached leaf DSRs were used to assign each germplasm line to a resistance category, and a posthoc Tukey’s test showed that the whole plant DSR means and the detached leaf DSR means for each resistance category differed significantly at p < 0.05. This research was used to develop a strawberry detached leaf assay which can reliably and quickly determine the degree of resistance of strawberry germplasm to anthracnose.

ACS Style

Melinda A. Miller-Butler; Barbara J. Smith; Ebrahiem M. Babiker; Brian R. Kreiser; Eugene K. Blythe. Comparison of Whole Plant and Detached Leaf Screening Techniques for Identifying Anthracnose Resistance in Strawberry Plants. Plant Disease 2018, 102, 2112 -2119.

AMA Style

Melinda A. Miller-Butler, Barbara J. Smith, Ebrahiem M. Babiker, Brian R. Kreiser, Eugene K. Blythe. Comparison of Whole Plant and Detached Leaf Screening Techniques for Identifying Anthracnose Resistance in Strawberry Plants. Plant Disease. 2018; 102 (11):2112-2119.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Melinda A. Miller-Butler; Barbara J. Smith; Ebrahiem M. Babiker; Brian R. Kreiser; Eugene K. Blythe. 2018. "Comparison of Whole Plant and Detached Leaf Screening Techniques for Identifying Anthracnose Resistance in Strawberry Plants." Plant Disease 102, no. 11: 2112-2119.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2015 in HortTechnology
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Daylily (Hemerocallis sp.) is a popular and widely planted herbaceous perennial in the landscape, with over 78,000 cultivars registered with the American Hemerocallis Society. Daylily performs well in full sun, heat, humidity, and periods of dry weather, and has generally been considered to be pest free. However, a rust disease (Puccinia hemerocallidis) was introduced in the United States on imported plants in 2000, quickly spreading to become a widespread problem on daylily in and beyond the southern United States. In Aug. 2013, 575 daylily cultivars (mostly newer hybrids) were surveyed for daylily rust in a large landscape planting that had not received any fungicide treatment during the 2013 growing season. Weather conditions during the growing season were favorable for daylily rust. Individual clumps were rated as 1 (no or little visual sign of infection), 2 (moderate infection), or 3 (severe infection). In this survey, 119 cultivars (21%) received a median rating of 1 or 1.5, 230 cultivars (40%) received a rating of 2, and 226 (39%) received a rating of 2.5 or 3. Most cultivars were represented by a single clump, and may thus be more susceptible to daylily rust than a single rating might indicate. Diploid cultivars were associated with lower daylily rust severity ratings than tetraploid cultivars.

ACS Style

Eugene K. Blythe; Cecil Pounders; Michael Anderson; Earl Watts; Barbara Watts. Survey of 575 Daylily Cultivars for Severity of Daylily Rust in a Southern Mississippi Landscape. HortTechnology 2015, 25, 551 -564.

AMA Style

Eugene K. Blythe, Cecil Pounders, Michael Anderson, Earl Watts, Barbara Watts. Survey of 575 Daylily Cultivars for Severity of Daylily Rust in a Southern Mississippi Landscape. HortTechnology. 2015; 25 (4):551-564.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eugene K. Blythe; Cecil Pounders; Michael Anderson; Earl Watts; Barbara Watts. 2015. "Survey of 575 Daylily Cultivars for Severity of Daylily Rust in a Southern Mississippi Landscape." HortTechnology 25, no. 4: 551-564.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2012 in HortTechnology
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Heller’s japanese holly [Ilex crenata ‘Helleri’ (synonym: Ilex crenata f. helleri)] is a popular landscape plant in U.S. Department of Agriculture hardiness zones 5b to 8a because of its dwarf habit, slow growth rate, and dark green leaves. Plants can be propagated readily by stem cuttings and use of an auxin treatment is generally recommended to promote rooting. This study was conducted to determine if auxin treatment could be eliminated, thus reducing labor and chemical requirements in the cutting propagation process. In three experiments, terminal stem cuttings of Heller’s japanese holly were taken in winter, prepared both with and without use of a basal quick-dip in an auxin solution [2500 ppm indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) + 1250 ppm 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)], and rooted in a warm, high-humidity environment. Both nontreated cuttings and cuttings receiving a 1-second basal quick-dip in the auxin solution rooted at, or near, 100%. However, treatment of cuttings with auxin resulted in larger root systems on the rooted cuttings, which could allow earlier transplanting into larger nursery containers. No inhibition of new spring growth was exhibited by cuttings treated with auxin in comparison with nontreated cuttings.

ACS Style

Eugene K. Blythe; Jeff L. Sibley. Winter Stem Cutting Propagation of Heller’s Japanese Holly with and without Use of a Conventional Auxin Treatment. HortTechnology 2012, 22, 771 -773.

AMA Style

Eugene K. Blythe, Jeff L. Sibley. Winter Stem Cutting Propagation of Heller’s Japanese Holly with and without Use of a Conventional Auxin Treatment. HortTechnology. 2012; 22 (6):771-773.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eugene K. Blythe; Jeff L. Sibley. 2012. "Winter Stem Cutting Propagation of Heller’s Japanese Holly with and without Use of a Conventional Auxin Treatment." HortTechnology 22, no. 6: 771-773.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2012 in HortTechnology
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Confederate rose (Hibiscus mutabilis), a native of southeastern China, is an old-fashioned, ornamental plant often found in older gardens in the southern United States. Current breeding programs aim at developing selections with improved garden performance, thus providing new cultivars for nursery production. Hardy in U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) zones 7 to 9, plants grow as large shrubs or small trees in warmer areas, but generally die back to a woody base or short trunk in colder areas of their range. Stems from the past growing season that remain on plants during the winter in the warmer regions may be used to prepare hardwood stem cuttings. The current study examined hardwood cutting propagation of confederate rose in response to a 1-second basal quick-dip in auxin [1000 ppm indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), 3000 ppm IBA, 1000 ppm IBA + 500 ppm 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and 3000 ppm IBA + 1500 ppm NAA] and a basal wound (along with 1000 ppm IBA only). Cuttings were rooted in a warm, high-humidity environment within a greenhouse. Auxin treatments improved overall rooting percentage and total root length, with 1000 ppm IBA (without and with a basal wound) providing the highest rooting percentages (about 70%) and nontreated cuttings the lowest (44%). A significant increase in total root length on rooted cuttings resulted with the use of 3000 ppm IBA (211 cm) and use of a basal wound plus 1000 ppm IBA (193 cm) compared with nontreated cuttings (87 cm). Auxin and wounding treatments did not have any significant inhibitory effects on budbreak and growth of new shoots on rooted cuttings.

ACS Style

Eugene K. Blythe. Hardwood Cutting Propagation of Confederate Rose Using Auxin and Wounding Treatments. HortTechnology 2012, 22, 476 -478.

AMA Style

Eugene K. Blythe. Hardwood Cutting Propagation of Confederate Rose Using Auxin and Wounding Treatments. HortTechnology. 2012; 22 (4):476-478.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eugene K. Blythe. 2012. "Hardwood Cutting Propagation of Confederate Rose Using Auxin and Wounding Treatments." HortTechnology 22, no. 4: 476-478.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2010 in HortScience
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Auxin solutions prepared with sodium cellulose glycolate (SCG; a thickening agent, also known as sodium carboxymethylcellulose) and applied to stem cuttings using a basal quick-dip extend the duration of exposure of cuttings to the auxin and have previously been shown to increase root number and/or total root length on stem cuttings of certain taxa. In a series of three experiments, 3.75-cm stem sections (representing the bases of stem cuttings) of three ornamental plant taxa were dipped to a depth of 2.5 cm for 1 s in solutions prepared with selected rates of SCG using either deionized water or a 10% dilution of an alcohol-based rooting compound (Dip 'N Grow). Each stem section was weighed before and after being dipped in the solution. Regression equations were determined for each experiment and the rate of SCG providing the maximum ratio of SCG solution weight to stem piece weight was determined by setting the first derivative of the regression equation equal to zero. Maximum adhesion of solution was obtained using SCG at 13.35 to 13.71 g·L−1 with an average rate of 13.5 g·L−1.

ACS Style

Eugene K. Blythe; Jeff L. Sibley. Maximizing Adhesion of Auxin Solutions to Stem Cuttings Using Sodium Cellulose Glycolate. HortScience 2010, 45, 1507 -1509.

AMA Style

Eugene K. Blythe, Jeff L. Sibley. Maximizing Adhesion of Auxin Solutions to Stem Cuttings Using Sodium Cellulose Glycolate. HortScience. 2010; 45 (10):1507-1509.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eugene K. Blythe; Jeff L. Sibley. 2010. "Maximizing Adhesion of Auxin Solutions to Stem Cuttings Using Sodium Cellulose Glycolate." HortScience 45, no. 10: 1507-1509.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2009 in HortTechnology
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‘Dwarf Burford’ holly (Ilex cornuta ‘Dwarf Burford’) is a significant nursery crop and is widely used in landscapes in U.S. Department of Agriculture hardiness zones 7 to 9. Stem cuttings can be rooted at multiple times during the year, provided cutting wood is sufficiently mature, with auxin treatments traditionally used to encourage rooting. This study was conducted to determine if auxin treatment could be eliminated, thus reducing labor and chemical requirements in the cutting propagation process. In three experiments, terminal stem cuttings of ‘Dwarf Burford’ holly were taken in winter, prepared with and without use of a basal quick-dip in an auxin solution, and rooted in a warm, high-humidity environment. Rooting percentages for nontreated cuttings and cuttings treated with 2500 ppm indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) + 1250 ppm 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) were similar, while treatment of cuttings with 5000 ppm IBA + 2500 ppm NAA resulted in a decrease in rooting percentage. The number of primary roots and total root length were similar among the three treatments, except in one experiment where total root length was greater with auxin-treated cuttings than with nontreated cuttings. Initial shoot growth responses were variable among the three experiments. The treatment of cuttings with auxin was not required for successful rooting and can be eliminated from the process for winter stem cutting propagation of ‘Dwarf Burford’ holly.

ACS Style

Eugene K. Blythe; Jeff L. Sibley. Winter Stem Cutting Propagation of ‘Dwarf Burford’ Holly without Use of a Conventional Auxin Treatment. HortTechnology 2009, 19, 130 -132.

AMA Style

Eugene K. Blythe, Jeff L. Sibley. Winter Stem Cutting Propagation of ‘Dwarf Burford’ Holly without Use of a Conventional Auxin Treatment. HortTechnology. 2009; 19 (1):130-132.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eugene K. Blythe; Jeff L. Sibley. 2009. "Winter Stem Cutting Propagation of ‘Dwarf Burford’ Holly without Use of a Conventional Auxin Treatment." HortTechnology 19, no. 1: 130-132.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2005 in Small Fruits Review
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Controlled-release fertilizers allow growers to reduce leachate nitrogen loss and better manage crop nutrition in comparison to water-soluble fertilizers. Nitrogen leaching and plant growth were evaluated in a container production system using a granular water-soluble (GWS) ammonium nitrate fertilizer (34-0-0), a controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) (18N-6P-12K), and a non-fertilized control (NFC). Selected plant species were grown for ten weeks using 1,485 g N per cubic meter (2.5 pounds N per cubic yard) CRF or the GWS fertilizer. Leachate pH was higher (7.0+) for the GWS and NFC treatments than the CRF (6.5 to 7.0). Total soluble salts in the leachates reflected the initial leaching of salts from the substrate, with a continued decrease in soluble salts for the GWS fertilizer and NFC treatments. With the CRF, soluble salts decreased slightly during the first five weeks, but then increased over the next five weeks. The CRF provided acceptable ammonium levels for production purposes throughout the ten-week period, while the GWS fertilizer and NFC treatments both showed progressive decreases in ammonium levels throughout the ten-week period, becoming inadequate for production. Nitrate levels varied during the ten-week period, with levels declining to insufficient amounts with the GWS fertilizer and NFC treatments, while the levels for the CRF were suitable for production throughout the study. Growth indices, fresh matter weights, and dry matter weights were higher with the CRF than with both the GWS fertilizer and NFC treatments.

ACS Style

Jeffrey C. Wilson; Eugene K. Blythe; David M. Cole; Edgar L. Vinson; Jeff L. Sibley. Nitrogen Release Rate Differs by Fertilizer Source. Small Fruits Review 2005, 4, 85 -92.

AMA Style

Jeffrey C. Wilson, Eugene K. Blythe, David M. Cole, Edgar L. Vinson, Jeff L. Sibley. Nitrogen Release Rate Differs by Fertilizer Source. Small Fruits Review. 2005; 4 (1):85-92.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jeffrey C. Wilson; Eugene K. Blythe; David M. Cole; Edgar L. Vinson; Jeff L. Sibley. 2005. "Nitrogen Release Rate Differs by Fertilizer Source." Small Fruits Review 4, no. 1: 85-92.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2004 in HortTechnology
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In five experiments, singlenode cuttings of `Red Cascade' miniature rose (Rosa) were treated with a basal quick-dip (prior to insertion into the rooting substrate) or sprayed to the drip point with a single foliar application (after insertion) of Dip `N Grow [indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) + 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)], the potassium salt of indole-3-butyric acid (K-IBA), or the potassium salt of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (K-NAA); a single foliar spray application of Dip `N Grow with and without Kinetic surfactant; or multiple foliar spray applications of Dip `N Grow. Spray treatments were compared with their respective basal quick-dip controls {4920.4 μm [1000 mg·L-1 (ppm)] IBA + 2685.2 μm (500 mg·L-1) NAA, 4144.2 μm (1000 mg·L-1) K-IBA, or 4458.3 μm (1000 mg·L-1) K-NAA}. Cuttings sprayed with 0 to 246.0 μm (50 mg·L-1) IBA + 134.3 μm (25 mg·L-1) NAA, 0 to 207.2 μm (50 mg·L-1) K-IBA, or 0 to 222.9 μm (50 mg·L-1) K-NAA resulted in rooting percentages, total root length, percent rooted cuttings with shoots, and shoot length similar to or less than control cuttings. Exceptions were cuttings sprayed with 0 to 2.23 μm(0.5 mg·L-1) K-NAA, which exhibited shoot length greater than the control cuttings. Addition of 1.0 mL·L-1 (1000 ppm) Kinetic organosilicone surfactant to spray treatments resulted in greater total root length and shoot length. Repeated sprays (daily up to seven consecutive days) had no or negative effects on root and shoot development.

ACS Style

Eugene K. Blythe; Jeff L. Sibley; Ken M. Tilt; John Ruter. Rooting of Rose Cuttings in Response to Foliar Applications of Auxin and Surfactant. HortTechnology 2004, 14, 479 -483.

AMA Style

Eugene K. Blythe, Jeff L. Sibley, Ken M. Tilt, John Ruter. Rooting of Rose Cuttings in Response to Foliar Applications of Auxin and Surfactant. HortTechnology. 2004; 14 (4):479-483.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eugene K. Blythe; Jeff L. Sibley; Ken M. Tilt; John Ruter. 2004. "Rooting of Rose Cuttings in Response to Foliar Applications of Auxin and Surfactant." HortTechnology 14, no. 4: 479-483.