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Wensheng Fang
Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

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Journal article
Published: 07 July 2020 in Sustainability
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Anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) is widely used to control soilborne diseases in organic crop production. The effect of ASD used different sealed films on soilborne pathogens and strawberry growth was evaluated in two laboratory studies and two field trials. Under maltose as carbon sources, 28 °C temperature and 30% of soil moisture optimal conditions ASD decreased Fusarium spp. and Phytophthora spp. by 100%. ASD used maltose as an organic amendment and sealed with totally impermeable film (TIF) obtained the highest suppression (>96%) against Fusarium spp. and Phytophthora spp. (>91%). According to the laboratory results, the efficacy of ASD utilizing 6 or 9 t/ha maltose and sealing with TIF was evaluated and compared with reference treatment with chloropicrin (Pic) or solarization (Sol) in the field trials. Compared with the untreated soil, ASD treatments greatly reduced the pathogenic population of Fusarium spp. and Phytophthora spp., and successfully controlled the damage of fusarium wilt with evidence of lower mortality (6%). ASD significantly increased soil nutrition promoted plant growth and increased strawberry yield, which was similar as the Pic, but better than Sol treatment. The analyzed fungal and bacterial microbiota did not show significant differences in the taxonomic richness and diversity between the compared treatments. Nevertheless, the abundance of some bacterial and fungal taxa tended to change between treated. The evidence showed that adding maltose and sealing TIF for ASD has the potential to replace Pic for pathogen control in commercial strawberry production.

ACS Style

Zhaoxin Song; Dongdong Yan; Wensheng Fang; Bin Huang; Xianli Wang; Daqi Zhang; Jiahong Zhu; Jie Liu; Canbin Ouyang; Yuan Li; Qiuxia Wang; Sebastien Massart; Aocheng Cao. Maltose and Totally Impermeable Film Enhanced Suppression of Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation on Soilborne Pathogens and Increased Strawberry Yield. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5456 .

AMA Style

Zhaoxin Song, Dongdong Yan, Wensheng Fang, Bin Huang, Xianli Wang, Daqi Zhang, Jiahong Zhu, Jie Liu, Canbin Ouyang, Yuan Li, Qiuxia Wang, Sebastien Massart, Aocheng Cao. Maltose and Totally Impermeable Film Enhanced Suppression of Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation on Soilborne Pathogens and Increased Strawberry Yield. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (13):5456.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhaoxin Song; Dongdong Yan; Wensheng Fang; Bin Huang; Xianli Wang; Daqi Zhang; Jiahong Zhu; Jie Liu; Canbin Ouyang; Yuan Li; Qiuxia Wang; Sebastien Massart; Aocheng Cao. 2020. "Maltose and Totally Impermeable Film Enhanced Suppression of Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation on Soilborne Pathogens and Increased Strawberry Yield." Sustainability 12, no. 13: 5456.

Journal article
Published: 23 December 2016 in Energies
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Biochar (BC) is increasingly applied in agriculture; however, due to its adsorption and degradation properties, biochar may also affect the efficacy of fumigant in amended soil. Our research is intended to study the effects of two types of biochars (BC-1 and BC-2) on the efficacy and emission of methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) in biochar amendment soil. Both types of biochars can significantly reduce MITC emission losses, but, at the same time, decrease the concentration of MITC in the soil. The efficacy of MITC for controlling soil-borne pests (Meloidogyne spp., Fusarium spp. Phytophthora spp., Abutilon theophrasti and Digitaria sanguinalis) was reduced when the biochar (BC-1 and BC-2) was applied at a rate of higher than 1% and 0.5% (on a weight basis) (on a weight basis), respectively. However, increased doses of dazomet (DZ) were able to offset decreases in the efficacy of MITC in soils amended with biochars. Biochars with strong adsorption capacity (such as BC-1) substantially reduced MITC degradation rate by 6.2 times, and increased by 4.1 times following amendment with biochar with high degradability (e.g., BC-2), compared to soil without biochar amendment. This is due to the adsorption and degradation of biochar that reduces MITC emission losses and pest control.

ACS Style

Wensheng Fang; Aocheng Cao; Dongdong Yan; Dawei Han; Bin Huang; Jun Li; Xiaoman Liu; Meixia Guo; Qiuxia Wang. The Effect of Two Types of Biochars on the Efficacy, Emission, Degradation, and Adsorption of the Fumigant Methyl Isothiocyanate. Energies 2016, 10, 16 .

AMA Style

Wensheng Fang, Aocheng Cao, Dongdong Yan, Dawei Han, Bin Huang, Jun Li, Xiaoman Liu, Meixia Guo, Qiuxia Wang. The Effect of Two Types of Biochars on the Efficacy, Emission, Degradation, and Adsorption of the Fumigant Methyl Isothiocyanate. Energies. 2016; 10 (1):16.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wensheng Fang; Aocheng Cao; Dongdong Yan; Dawei Han; Bin Huang; Jun Li; Xiaoman Liu; Meixia Guo; Qiuxia Wang. 2016. "The Effect of Two Types of Biochars on the Efficacy, Emission, Degradation, and Adsorption of the Fumigant Methyl Isothiocyanate." Energies 10, no. 1: 16.

Journal article
Published: 26 October 2016 in Energies
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The characteristics of biochar vary with pyrolysis temperature. Chloropicrin (CP) is an effective fumigant for controlling soil-borne pests. This study investigated the characteristics of biochars prepared at 300, 500, and 700 °C by michelia alba (Magnolia denudata) wood and evaluated their capacity to adsorb CP. The study also determined the potential influence of biochar, which was added to sterilized and unsterilized soils at rates of 0%, 1%, 5%, and 100%, on CP degradation. The specific surface area, pore volume, and micropores increased considerably with an increase in the pyrolytic temperature. The adsorption rate of biochar for CP increased with increasing pyrolytic temperature. The maximum adsorption amounts of CP were similar for the three biochars. Next, the study examined the degradation ability of the biochar for CP. The degradation rate constant (k) of CP increased when biochar was added to the soil, and k increased with increased amendment rate and pyrolysis temperature. The results indicate that biochar can accelerate CP degradation in soil. The findings will be instructive in using biochar as a new fertilizer in fumigating soil with CP.

ACS Style

Pengfei Liu; Qiuxia Wang; Dongdong Yan; Wensheng Fang; Liangang Mao; Dong Wang; Yuan Li; Canbin Ouyang; Meixia Guo; Aocheng Cao. Effects of Biochar Amendment on Chloropicrin Adsorption and Degradation in Soil. Energies 2016, 9, 869 .

AMA Style

Pengfei Liu, Qiuxia Wang, Dongdong Yan, Wensheng Fang, Liangang Mao, Dong Wang, Yuan Li, Canbin Ouyang, Meixia Guo, Aocheng Cao. Effects of Biochar Amendment on Chloropicrin Adsorption and Degradation in Soil. Energies. 2016; 9 (11):869.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pengfei Liu; Qiuxia Wang; Dongdong Yan; Wensheng Fang; Liangang Mao; Dong Wang; Yuan Li; Canbin Ouyang; Meixia Guo; Aocheng Cao. 2016. "Effects of Biochar Amendment on Chloropicrin Adsorption and Degradation in Soil." Energies 9, no. 11: 869.