Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia due to impaired glucose metabolism. Overproduction of free radicals due to chronic hyperglycemia may cause oxidative stress, which delays wound healing in diabetic conditions. For people with diabetes, this impeded wound healing is one of the predominant reasons for mortality and morbidity. The study aimed to develop an Ocimum sanctum leaf extract-mediated green synthesis of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles (NPs) and further incorporate them into 2% chitosan (CS) gel for diabetic wound healing. UV-visible spectrum analysis recorded the sharp peak at 235 and 320 nm, and this was the preliminary sign for the biosynthesis of TiO₂ NPs. The FTIR analysis was used to perform a qualitative validation of the biosynthesized TiO₂ nanoparticles. XRD analysis indicated the crystallinity of TiO₂ NPs in anatase form. Microscopic investigation revealed that TiO₂ NPs were spherical and polygonal in shape, with sizes ranging from 75 to 123 nm. The EDX analysis of green synthesized NPs showed the presence of TiO₂ NPs, demonstrating the peak of titanium ion and oxygen. The hydrodynamic diameter and polydispersity index (PDI) of the TiO₂ NPs were found to be 130.3 nm and 0.237, respectively. The developed TiO₂ NPs containing CS gel exhibited the desired thixotropic properties with pseudoplastic behavior. In vivo wound healing studies and histopathological investigations of healed wounds demonstrated the excellent wound-healing efficacy of TiO₂ NPs containing CS gel in diabetic rats.

BACKGROUND: Co3O4 in nano-size has been found efficient in electronic and optoelectronic devices. P-type semiconductor behavior, typical spinel crystal structure, and dual optical band gap extend the practical application of Co3O4 nanoparticles. Objective: The main objective of the presented work is to exploit the Co3O4 nanoparticles as chemi-sensor and dielectric material. METHODS: Nanoparticles of Co3O4 was prepared by hydrothermal method. The structural and optical properties of as-grown nanoparticles were investigated by powder XRD, FE-SEM, EDS, FTIR, UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer, and Raman spectrometer. Sensing, and dielectric properties were explored by measuring the response of current versus voltage (I-V), and capacitance versus frequency (C-f), respectively. RESULTS: As-grown nanoparticles exhibited the distinguished properties, such as: well crystalline cubic structure of lattice parameter (a = 8.083 Å), comparable crystallite (~ 60 nm) and particle sizes (~ 65nm), dual optical energy band gaps (1.75 eV, 3.1 eV), the high value of sensitivity (31.48 µA mM-1cm-2) and dielectric constant, low value of dielectric loss, and a good ac conductivity. Low value of dielectric loss indicates the purity and a good optical behavior of the material. A possible sensing mechanism has been explained, and a factual method of data evaluation has been authenticated. CONCLUSSION: As-gown nanoparticles were found suitable for chemi-sensor and capacitor. Low particle size, p-type conductivity, dual energy band gap, well crystalline nature, the high value of dielectric constant, low value of dielectric loss, and good ac conductivity demonstrate the potential candidature of Co3O4 nanoparticles as efficient charge carriers in chemical sensors and capacitors.