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J. Donaire-Ávila
Department of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, University of Jaén, Cinturón Sur s/n, 23700, Linares (Jaén), Spain

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Journal article
Published: 12 May 2021 in Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering
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Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering (PBEE) aims at designing structures that are able to satisfy multiple target performance levels at different ground motion intensities. The performance levels can be introduced into the overall design process through energy concepts. It is acknowledged that the design of structures protected by control systems such as base isolation or energy dissipation devices can be efficiently optimized by using an energy-based approach. The energy-based design approach incorporated within the probabilistic framework of the performance-based design is a promising design method. In its development, three important energy-based dissipation parameters are critically needed to evaluate, which are the ratio of hysteretic energy to input energy EH/EI, normalized cumulative damage η, as well as the equivalent number of cycles neq. Therefore, this study has taken a comprehensive investigation of these parameters for four hysteretic systems of structures with the vibration period of 0.05s–4s for 7 damping ratios, that is 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5, and 6 ductility factors, that is 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8. Empirical formulas of predicting the mean values and standard deviations of the energy-based dissipation parameters are proposed as a function of vibration period, damping ratio, and ductility factors. The proposed predictive models can be easily and conveniently used to evaluate the energy-based dissipation parameters in a deterministic and probabilistic manner in the energy-based design in the framework of PBEE.

ACS Style

Yin Cheng; Fabrizio Mollaioli; Jesús Donaire-Ávila. Characterization of Dissipated Energy Demand. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 2021, 147, 106725 .

AMA Style

Yin Cheng, Fabrizio Mollaioli, Jesús Donaire-Ávila. Characterization of Dissipated Energy Demand. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. 2021; 147 ():106725.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yin Cheng; Fabrizio Mollaioli; Jesús Donaire-Ávila. 2021. "Characterization of Dissipated Energy Demand." Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 147, no. : 106725.

Conference paper
Published: 01 May 2021 in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering
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Since the pioneering works conducted by Housner in the 1960s, energy-based seismic design (EBD) has evolved thanks to many researchers. Notwithstanding, it is overshadowed by the force-based design (FBD) approach, and its implementation in seismic codes is currently limited to structures with energy dissipation systems in Japan. The “Vision 2000” report on future design codes identified EBD as a most promising approach towards the paradigm of performance-based design, however. This paper revises key aspects of EBD, particularly how it differs from FBD and displacement-based design (DBD). Important issues to be addressed in the future so as to implement EBD in the seismic design of conventional structures are underlined. New relations between cumulative energy dissipation and maximum displacement for two different restoring force rules—and for two types of ground motions (with and without pulses)—are presented. Furthermore, a simple means of determining the design-value of the ultimate energy dissipation capacity of non-degrading steel components is put forth.

ACS Style

Amadeo Benavent-Climent; Jesús Donaire-Ávila; Fabrizio Mollaioli. Key Points and Pending Issues in the Energy-Based Seismic Design Approach. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering 2021, 151 -168.

AMA Style

Amadeo Benavent-Climent, Jesús Donaire-Ávila, Fabrizio Mollaioli. Key Points and Pending Issues in the Energy-Based Seismic Design Approach. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. 2021; ():151-168.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Amadeo Benavent-Climent; Jesús Donaire-Ávila; Fabrizio Mollaioli. 2021. "Key Points and Pending Issues in the Energy-Based Seismic Design Approach." Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering , no. : 151-168.

Journal article
Published: 30 April 2020 in Applied Sciences
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This study investigates the capacity, in terms of energy, of waffle-flat-plate (WFP) structures with hysteretic dampers subjected to biaxial seismic actions. A numerical model was developed and calibrated with the experimental results obtained from shake-table testing carried out on a WFP specimen subjected to biaxial seismic loads. Then the WFP system was retrofitted with hysteretic dampers—slit-plate dampers (SPDs)—and the numerical model was subjected to different sets of ordinary ground motion records to attain different seismic performance levels (SPLs). Each set of records was applied in a sequence of scaled seismic simulations until the SPL of near collapse was achieved. The capacity in terms of input energy and dissipated energy are presented for the different SPLs, taking into account the differences observed under unidirectional and bidirectional seismic loadings. Furthermore, the level of damage (i.e., accumulated plastic deformations), the level of ductility and the relationship between them—expressed as equivalent number of cycles—are also shown for both the WFP system and the hysteretic dampers. The seismic capacity of the WFP system is found to be significantly enhanced by the inclusion of hysteretic dampers.

ACS Style

Jesús Donaire-Ávila; David Galé-Lamuela. Energy Capacity of Waffle-Flat-Plate Structures with Hysteretic Dampers Subjected to Bidirectional Seismic Loadings. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 3133 .

AMA Style

Jesús Donaire-Ávila, David Galé-Lamuela. Energy Capacity of Waffle-Flat-Plate Structures with Hysteretic Dampers Subjected to Bidirectional Seismic Loadings. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (9):3133.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jesús Donaire-Ávila; David Galé-Lamuela. 2020. "Energy Capacity of Waffle-Flat-Plate Structures with Hysteretic Dampers Subjected to Bidirectional Seismic Loadings." Applied Sciences 10, no. 9: 3133.

Journal article
Published: 15 January 2020 in Metals
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A key aspect of the seismic design of structures is the distribution of the lateral strength, because it governs the distribution of the cumulative plastic strain energy (i.e., the damage) among the stories. The lateral shear strength of a story i is commonly normalized by the upward weight of the building and expressed by a shear force coefficient αi. The cumulative plastic strain energy in a given story i can be normalized by the product of its lateral strength and yield displacement, and expressed by a plastic deformation ratio ηi. The distribution αi/α1 that makes ηi equal in all stories is called the optimum yield-shear force distribution. It constitutes a major aim of design; a second aim is to achieve similar ductility demand in all stories. This paper proposes a new approach for deriving the optimum yield-shear force coefficient distribution of structures without underground stories and equipped with metallic dampers. It is shown, both numerically and experimentally, that structures designed with the proposed distribution fulfil the expected response in terms of both damage distribution and inter-story drift demand. Moreover, a comparison with other distributions described in the literature serves to underscore the advantages of the proposed approach.

ACS Style

Jesús Donaire-Ávila; Amadeo Benavent-Climent. Optimum Strength Distribution for Structures with Metallic Dampers Subjected to Seismic Loading. Metals 2020, 10, 127 .

AMA Style

Jesús Donaire-Ávila, Amadeo Benavent-Climent. Optimum Strength Distribution for Structures with Metallic Dampers Subjected to Seismic Loading. Metals. 2020; 10 (1):127.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jesús Donaire-Ávila; Amadeo Benavent-Climent. 2020. "Optimum Strength Distribution for Structures with Metallic Dampers Subjected to Seismic Loading." Metals 10, no. 1: 127.

Journal article
Published: 30 August 2019 in Materials
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This paper shows the acoustic emission (AE) analysis recorded during the loading process of reinforced concrete (RC) structures subjected to bidirectional seismic loadings. Two waffle plates (bidirectional) supported by isolated square columns were tested on a shaking table with a progressive and increasing ground acceleration until the final collapse. Each specimen was subjected to a different loading history. A relevant delay in the beginning of the significant AE energy is observed as the peak value of the ground acceleration increases. Based on this result, a new AE temporal damage index (TDI), defined as the time difference between the onset of the significant AE activity and the onset of the loading that causes this AE activity, is proposed and validated by comparing it with the plastic strain energy released by the concrete, typically used as a reliable damage level indicator. Good agreement was observed for both specimens and seismic inputs.

ACS Style

Chihab Abarkane; Francisco J. Rescalvo; Jesús Donaire-Ávila; David Galé-Lamuela; Amadeo Benavent-Climent; Antolino Gallego Molina. Temporal Acoustic Emission Index for Damage Monitoring of RC Structures Subjected to Bidirectional Seismic Loadings. Materials 2019, 12, 2804 .

AMA Style

Chihab Abarkane, Francisco J. Rescalvo, Jesús Donaire-Ávila, David Galé-Lamuela, Amadeo Benavent-Climent, Antolino Gallego Molina. Temporal Acoustic Emission Index for Damage Monitoring of RC Structures Subjected to Bidirectional Seismic Loadings. Materials. 2019; 12 (17):2804.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chihab Abarkane; Francisco J. Rescalvo; Jesús Donaire-Ávila; David Galé-Lamuela; Amadeo Benavent-Climent; Antolino Gallego Molina. 2019. "Temporal Acoustic Emission Index for Damage Monitoring of RC Structures Subjected to Bidirectional Seismic Loadings." Materials 12, no. 17: 2804.

Journal article
Published: 26 August 2019 in Materials
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Prestressed monoblock railway sleepers are concrete elements with almost no reinforcement apart from the prestressing wires, which makes them very sensitive to any stress variation that can induce tensile stresses. In recent years, severe longitudinal cracking has been observed in a number of sleepers in hot regions of Spain, even before these elements were put in service. This work studies the problem while considering the thermal variation as the main factor affecting this cracking phenomenon. A non-linear static load-step analysis is applied on a non-linear finite element model to reproduce the problem and, after its experimental validation, the influence of three design parameters of the sleepers are studied: the nature of concrete aggregates, the dowel thickness, and the dowel material. The results show that all these three parameters may have significant influence on the problem, with the dowel material being the most important parameter. When the dowels are made of a material with a high elastic modulus and a high thermal expansion coefficient, the crack opening induced by a realistic thermal variation can reach significant values and result in longitudinal crack propagation. The changes of humidity are not considered in this study because they are beyond the scope of this work.

ACS Style

Jesús Donaire-Ávila; Antonio Montañés-López; Fernando Suárez. Influence of Temperature on the Longitudinal Cracking in Multipurpose Precast Concrete Sleepers Prior to Their Installation. Materials 2019, 12, 2731 .

AMA Style

Jesús Donaire-Ávila, Antonio Montañés-López, Fernando Suárez. Influence of Temperature on the Longitudinal Cracking in Multipurpose Precast Concrete Sleepers Prior to Their Installation. Materials. 2019; 12 (17):2731.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jesús Donaire-Ávila; Antonio Montañés-López; Fernando Suárez. 2019. "Influence of Temperature on the Longitudinal Cracking in Multipurpose Precast Concrete Sleepers Prior to Their Installation." Materials 12, no. 17: 2731.

Research article
Published: 11 April 2019 in Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics
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The bidirectional response of a portion of a reinforced concrete (RC) waffle‐flat plate (WFP) structure subjected to far‐field ground motions is studied through shake table tests. The test specimen is a scaled portion of a prototype structure designed under current building codes and located in a region of moderate seismicity of the Mediterranean area. The specimen was subjected to a sequence of tests of increasing acceleration amplitude that respectively represented very frequent, frequent, design, and very rare earthquakes at the site. The test structure performed well (basically in the elastic domain) under very frequent and frequent earthquakes, approached the boundary between the performance levels of life safety and near collapse under the design earthquake, and collapsed under the very rare earthquake. Damage concentrated at column bases and at the transverse beams of the exterior plate‐to‐column connection. Columns dissipated about 10% of the total energy that contributes to damage, and the rest was dissipated by the exterior plate‐column connection. The total energy input on the structure until collapse under the bidirectional seismic action was very close to the value obtained in previous studies on a similar specimen tested under unidirectional ground motions. The capacity curve estimated from the experimental base shear vs top displacement relationship suggests it is best to use a behavior factor of at most q = 2 when designing WFP structures with the reduced‐spectrum force‐based approach.

ACS Style

Amadeo Benavent‐Climent; David Galé‐Lamuela; Jesús Donaire‐Avila. Energy capacity and seismic performance of RC waffle‐flat plate structures under two components of far‐field ground motions: Shake table tests. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics 2019, 48, 949 -969.

AMA Style

Amadeo Benavent‐Climent, David Galé‐Lamuela, Jesús Donaire‐Avila. Energy capacity and seismic performance of RC waffle‐flat plate structures under two components of far‐field ground motions: Shake table tests. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics. 2019; 48 (8):949-969.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Amadeo Benavent‐Climent; David Galé‐Lamuela; Jesús Donaire‐Avila. 2019. "Energy capacity and seismic performance of RC waffle‐flat plate structures under two components of far‐field ground motions: Shake table tests." Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics 48, no. 8: 949-969.

Article
Published: 03 January 2018 in Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics
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Reinforced concrete waffle-flat plate (WFP) structures present 2 important drawbacks for use as a main seismic resisting system: low lateral stiffness and limited ductility. Yet the former can serve a positive purpose when, in parallel, the flexible WFP structure is combined with a stiff system lending high-energy dissipation capacity, to form a “flexible-stiff mixed structure.” This paper experimentally investigates the seismic performance of WFP structures (flexible system) equipped with hysteretic dampers (stiff system) through shake-table tests conducted on a 2/5-scale test specimen. The WFP structure was designed only for gravitational loads. The lateral strength and stiffness provided by the dampers at each story were, respectively, about 3 and 7 times greater than those of the bare WFP structure. The mixed system was subjected to a sequence of seismic simulations representing frequent to very rare ground motions. Under the seismic simulations associated with earthquakes having return periods ranging from 93 to 1894 years, the WFP structure performed in the level of “immediate occupancy,” with maximum interstory drifts up to about 1%. The dampers dissipated most (75%) of the energy input by the earthquake.

ACS Style

Amadeo Benavent-Climent; Jesús Donaire-Ávila; Elena Oliver-Sáiz. Seismic performance and damage evaluation of a waffle-flat plate structure with hysteretic dampers through shake-table tests. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics 2018, 47, 1250 -1269.

AMA Style

Amadeo Benavent-Climent, Jesús Donaire-Ávila, Elena Oliver-Sáiz. Seismic performance and damage evaluation of a waffle-flat plate structure with hysteretic dampers through shake-table tests. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics. 2018; 47 (5):1250-1269.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Amadeo Benavent-Climent; Jesús Donaire-Ávila; Elena Oliver-Sáiz. 2018. "Seismic performance and damage evaluation of a waffle-flat plate structure with hysteretic dampers through shake-table tests." Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics 47, no. 5: 1250-1269.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2015 in Engineering Structures
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Dampers are energy-dissipating devices widely applied for new and existing structures in earthquake\ud prone areas. Among the different types of devices, hysteretic dampers are particularly popular due to\ud their simplicity, economy and low cost. Although many studies have focused on ordinary buildings for\ud evaluating the predictive capability of the different intensity measures (IMs), those dedicated to structures\ud with dampers are scarce. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the capability of the most\ud commonly used IMs to predict the seismic response of frame structures with hysteretic dampers, having\ud low-to-moderate height (less than about 12 stories) and low height-to-width aspect ratios (less than\ud approximately 3). To this end, a 6-story reinforced concrete (RC) frame structure designed to fulfill the\ud old Italian seismic codes was retrofitted with hysteretic dampers. The dampers were designed for two\ud different scenarios depending on the distance to the fault (i.e. near and far field ground motions). Two\ud sets of accelerograms, consisting of ordinary and pulse-like near-fault records, are used in the analyses.\ud Modified versions of existing IMs are also proposed, with the intention of improving the correlations\ud between the considered IMs and response quantities

ACS Style

J. Donaire-Ávila; F. Mollaioli; A. Lucchini; A. Benavent-Climent. Intensity measures for the seismic response prediction of mid-rise buildings with hysteretic dampers. Engineering Structures 2015, 102, 278 -295.

AMA Style

J. Donaire-Ávila, F. Mollaioli, A. Lucchini, A. Benavent-Climent. Intensity measures for the seismic response prediction of mid-rise buildings with hysteretic dampers. Engineering Structures. 2015; 102 ():278-295.

Chicago/Turabian Style

J. Donaire-Ávila; F. Mollaioli; A. Lucchini; A. Benavent-Climent. 2015. "Intensity measures for the seismic response prediction of mid-rise buildings with hysteretic dampers." Engineering Structures 102, no. : 278-295.

Research article
Published: 12 October 2015 in Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics
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Shaking table tests were conducted on a scaled reinforced concrete waffle–flat plate structure. It represented a conventional construction design under current building codes in the Mediterranean area. The test structure was subjected to a sequence of four seismic simulations of increasing magnitude. Each simulation was associated with a seismic hazard level characterized by the mean return period PR. The test structure performed well for the simulations associated with PR = 95, 475 and 975 years but collapsed under the maximum considered earthquake of PR = 2475 years. Damage concentrated at column bases, where the maximum chord rotation reached 93% of the ultimate capacity, and at the transverse beams of the exterior plate‐to‐column connection that failed in torsion. It is shown that most (from 85% to 90%) of the energy input by the earthquake that contributes to damage is dissipated by the plate. The capacity curve of the tested structure estimated from the experimental base shear vs. top displacement relationship allowed us to compute the overstrength (1.4). It is close to the maximum established by European code EN 1998‐1 (1.5). Based on a detailed study of the test results, potential updates to current codes and design recommendations are suggested. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

ACS Style

Amadeo Benavent-Climent; Jesús Donaire-Ávila; Elena Oliver-Saiz. Shaking table tests of a reinforced concrete waffle-flat plate structure designed following modern codes: seismic performance and damage evaluation. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics 2015, 45, 315 -336.

AMA Style

Amadeo Benavent-Climent, Jesús Donaire-Ávila, Elena Oliver-Saiz. Shaking table tests of a reinforced concrete waffle-flat plate structure designed following modern codes: seismic performance and damage evaluation. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics. 2015; 45 (2):315-336.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Amadeo Benavent-Climent; Jesús Donaire-Ávila; Elena Oliver-Saiz. 2015. "Shaking table tests of a reinforced concrete waffle-flat plate structure designed following modern codes: seismic performance and damage evaluation." Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics 45, no. 2: 315-336.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2015 in Engineering Structures
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ACS Style

Amadeo Benavent Climent; Elena Oliver-Saiz; Jesús Donaire-Ávila. New connection between reinforced concrete building frames and concentric braces: Shaking table tests. Engineering Structures 2015, 96, 7 -21.

AMA Style

Amadeo Benavent Climent, Elena Oliver-Saiz, Jesús Donaire-Ávila. New connection between reinforced concrete building frames and concentric braces: Shaking table tests. Engineering Structures. 2015; 96 ():7-21.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Amadeo Benavent Climent; Elena Oliver-Saiz; Jesús Donaire-Ávila. 2015. "New connection between reinforced concrete building frames and concentric braces: Shaking table tests." Engineering Structures 96, no. : 7-21.

Journal article
Published: 17 September 2013 in Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering
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The city of Lorca (Spain) was hit on May 11th, 2011, by two consecutive earthquakes of magnitudes 4.6 and 5.2 M \(_\mathrm{w}\) , causing casualties and important damage in buildings. Many of the damaged structures were reinforced concrete frames with wide beams. This study quantifies the expected level of damage on this structural type in the case of the Lorca earthquake by means of a seismic index \(I_{v}\) that compares the energy input by the earthquake with the energy absorption/dissipation capacity of the structure. The prototype frames investigated represent structures designed in two time periods (1994–2002 and 2003–2008), in which the applicable codes were different. The influence of the masonry infill walls and the proneness of the frames to concentrate damage in a given story were further investigated through nonlinear dynamic response analyses. It is found that (1) the seismic index method predicts levels of damage that range from moderate/severe to complete collapse; this prediction is consistent with the observed damage; (2) the presence of masonry infill walls makes the structure very prone to damage concentration and reduces the overall seismic capacity of the building; and (3) a proper hierarchy of strength between beams and columns that guarantees the formation of a strong column-weak beam mechanism (as prescribed by seismic codes), as well as the adoption of counter-measures to avoid the negative interaction between non-structural infill walls and the main frame, would have reduced the level of damage from \(I_{v}\) \(\,=\,\) 1 (collapse) to about \(I_{v}\) \(\,=\,\) 0.5 (moderate/severe damage).

ACS Style

Amadeo Benavent Climent; A. Escobedo; Jesús Donaire-Ávila; Elena Oliver-Saiz; A. L. Ramírez-Márquez. Assessment of expected damage on buildings subjected to Lorca earthquake through an energy-based seismic index method and nonlinear dynamic response analyses. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 2013, 12, 2049 -2073.

AMA Style

Amadeo Benavent Climent, A. Escobedo, Jesús Donaire-Ávila, Elena Oliver-Saiz, A. L. Ramírez-Márquez. Assessment of expected damage on buildings subjected to Lorca earthquake through an energy-based seismic index method and nonlinear dynamic response analyses. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering. 2013; 12 (5):2049-2073.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Amadeo Benavent Climent; A. Escobedo; Jesús Donaire-Ávila; Elena Oliver-Saiz; A. L. Ramírez-Márquez. 2013. "Assessment of expected damage on buildings subjected to Lorca earthquake through an energy-based seismic index method and nonlinear dynamic response analyses." Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 12, no. 5: 2049-2073.

Journal article
Published: 25 December 2012 in Engineering Structures
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ACS Style

Amadeo Benavent Climent; Jesús Donaire-Ávila. Moment transfer and influence of transverse beams in interior waffle flat plate–column connections under lateral loading. Engineering Structures 2012, 49, 146 -155.

AMA Style

Amadeo Benavent Climent, Jesús Donaire-Ávila. Moment transfer and influence of transverse beams in interior waffle flat plate–column connections under lateral loading. Engineering Structures. 2012; 49 ():146-155.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Amadeo Benavent Climent; Jesús Donaire-Ávila. 2012. "Moment transfer and influence of transverse beams in interior waffle flat plate–column connections under lateral loading." Engineering Structures 49, no. : 146-155.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2012 in Revista Internacional de Métodos Numéricos para Cálculo y Diseño en Ingeniería
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ACS Style

Jesús Donaire-Ávila; Amadeo Benavent Climent. Validación numérica del comportamiento cíclico de conexiones interiores en estructuras con forjados reticulares. Revista Internacional de Métodos Numéricos para Cálculo y Diseño en Ingeniería 2012, 28, 256 -267.

AMA Style

Jesús Donaire-Ávila, Amadeo Benavent Climent. Validación numérica del comportamiento cíclico de conexiones interiores en estructuras con forjados reticulares. Revista Internacional de Métodos Numéricos para Cálculo y Diseño en Ingeniería. 2012; 28 (4):256-267.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jesús Donaire-Ávila; Amadeo Benavent Climent. 2012. "Validación numérica del comportamiento cíclico de conexiones interiores en estructuras con forjados reticulares." Revista Internacional de Métodos Numéricos para Cálculo y Diseño en Ingeniería 28, no. 4: 256-267.