A new genus and eight new species of Cimbicinae from the East Asia are described: Asicimbex Yan, Deng & Wei gen. nov., A. concavicaputus Yan & Wei sp. nov., A. dengi Yan & Wei sp. nov., A. koreanus Yan & Wei sp. nov., A. lii Yan & Wei sp. nov., A. latistriatus Yan, Deng & Wei sp. nov., A. maculotegularis Yan & Wei sp. nov., A. nanjingensis Yan & Wei sp. nov. and A. shengi Yan & Wei sp. nov. Four new combinations are proposed: A. eous (Semenov, 1935) comb. nov., A. elminus (Li & Wu, 2003) comb. nov., A. ulmusvorus (Yang, 1996) comb. nov. and A. malaisei (Gussakovskij, 1947) comb. nov., all from Agenocimbex. The 12 known species of Asicimbex are separated into two species groups. Asicimbex stands between Agenocimbex Rohwer 1910 and Cimbex Olivier 1791. The differences between Asicimbex and Cimbex, Asicimbex and Palaeocimbex are discussed in detail. Descriptions, remarks, illustrations, a key to the known species of Asicimbex and a key to genera of Cimbicinae are provided. A. malaisei is confirmed as a valid species and recorded from China for the first time, with the female described for the first time. The distribution of the genus is also briefly discussed.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Cimbex luteus was sequenced with 15,127 bp in length. The mitogenome includes 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNAs, two ribosomal RNAs genes, and an AT-rich region. The nucleotide compositions of C. luteus (43.7% A, 38.0% T, 7.4% G, and 10.9% C) were biased toward A and T. Based on Bayesian inference (BI) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) analyses, C. luteus was identified as one of the basal lineages of family Cimbicidae.

Paulownia fortunei is an important economic tree species that possesses numerous biological and economic traits, such as fast growth, strong stress resistance, and excellent wood properties. The cultivation of this species is pervasive across numerous regions of China. Epicauta ruficeps, a common pest species of P. fortunei, typically consumes the foliage of its host plant. However, there are currently no reported studies on the physiological and biochemical mechanisms underlying P. fortunei response to E. ruficeps feeding. In this study, we discovered that the enhancement of nitrogen assimilation and porphyrin metabolism directly contributes to the maintenance of the steady state of photosynthetic activity in P. fortunei leaves. Meanwhile, E. ruficeps feeding also leads to an increase in the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in P. fortunei leaves. As key signaling molecules, the elevated level of ROS activates the antioxidant system and phenylpropanoid metabolism, which in turn results in increased antioxidant enzyme activity, as well as increased contents of antioxidants and lignin. The aforementioned changes have the potential to reduce the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation and enhance the mechanical strength of leaf tissues. Consequently, this can assist in maintaining the steady state of photosynthesis indirectly. In summary, the present study elucidates the physiological and biochemical mechanisms underlying the maintenance of the steady state of photosynthetic activity in P. fortunei after being feeded by E. ruficeps from multiple dimensions. Simultaneously, it lays a theoretical foundation and provides data support for the subsequent comprehensive analysis of the molecular mechanisms involved in P. fortunei response to E. ruficeps feeding.

Due to the conspicuous variation in the present morphology, particularly in the male sex (typically the legs and penis valve), the Asitrichiosoma subgenus was established by Malaise, 1939 of the Trichiosoma genus. Based on COI data, the genetic distance between Asitrichiosoma and Trichiosoma is 0.0878, and this genetic distance is significantly different (p < 0.001) from the average genetic distance (0.0256) among the species within the genus Trichiosoma. Based on morphological and molecular data, we recognize Asitrichiosoma as a valid genus. The differences between Asitrichiosoma and Trichiosoma are discussed in detail. The newly elevated genus is revised, and seven new species are described: A. bomei Yan & Wei, sp. nov.; A. brevicorne Yan & Wei, sp. nov.; A. shennong Yan & Wei, sp. nov.; A. sinense Yan & Wei, sp. nov.; A. omei Yan & Wei, sp. nov.; A. poecilomallosum Yan & Wei, sp. nov.; A. nigropilosum Yan & Wei, sp. nov. Descriptions, remarks, illustrations, and a key to the known species of Asitrichiosoma are provided. Four new combinations are proposed: A. himalayanum (Malaise, 1939), A. anthracinum (Forsius, 1930), A. bombiforme (Takeuchi, 1939), A. sikkimense (Konow, 1897), among which A. bombiforme (Takeuchi, 1939), A. sikkimense (Konow, 1897) and A. gansuense Yan & Wei, 2025 are re-described and illustrated. The distribution of the genus is also briefly discussed.