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Zabdur Rehman
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Air University Islamabad, Aerospace and Aviation Campus, Kamra, Pakistan

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Journal article
Published: 08 April 2021 in Energy
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The pressurization of carbon dioxide is an integral step of the carbon capture and storage process; a key technology frontier for the decarbonization of power and heat industry. Effective measures to improve the pressurization scheme directly translate into the reduction of process costs. This study aimed to reduce the energy expenditure of the carbon dioxide pressurization process by assisting the conventional carbon dioxide multi-stage compressors with an Ammonia (R717) or Propane (R290) based heat-pump system. In these systems, carbon dioxide is liquefied in the heat-pump after being compressed to an intermediate liquefaction pressure. The liquefied carbon dioxide is subsequently pumped to the target pressure. In this study, the advanced exergy analysis, in addition to the conventional energy analysis is applied to design and optimize the carbon dioxide liquefaction system using a heat pump. The initial conventional exergy analysis reveals that 43.76% of total fuel exergy is destroyed and lost. Subsequently, the advanced exergy analysis is performed to pinpoint the source of total irreversibility (exergy destruction), calculate the avoidable exergy destruction in the system and figure out potential measures to improve the system’s performance. The advanced exergy analysis reveals the avoidable exergy destruction is 48.85% and 51.20% of the total exergy destruction for R290 and R717, respectively. Furthermore, the avoidable exogenous exergy destruction is 16% and 19%, respectively. The results also show that for R717, the extent of improvement is in the following order, Condenser>Compressor>Evaporator>Expansion valve. With this information, a systematic approach is devised and followed to optimize the operating parameters and design of the heat-pump system. Furthermore, in the proposed system, 2328.6 kW of exergy is lost to the environment. To recover this exergy loss, the heat pump-assisted pressurization scheme is integrated with a supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle which generated 1191.00 kW of electric power. The results reveal that the electrical power consumed by the proposed system optimized through advanced exergy analysis is 15.5% lower than that consumed by a benchmark system. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of advanced exergy analysis and the approach presented here can be extended to other energy conversion systems to maximize the energy and exergy savings for sustainable development.

ACS Style

Hafiz Ali Muhammad; Beomjoon Lee; Junhyun Cho; Zabdur Rehman; Bongsu Choi; Jongjae Cho; Chulwoo Roh; Gilbong Lee; Muhammad Imran; Young-Jin Baik. Application of advanced exergy analysis for optimizing the design of carbon dioxide pressurization system. Energy 2021, 228, 120580 .

AMA Style

Hafiz Ali Muhammad, Beomjoon Lee, Junhyun Cho, Zabdur Rehman, Bongsu Choi, Jongjae Cho, Chulwoo Roh, Gilbong Lee, Muhammad Imran, Young-Jin Baik. Application of advanced exergy analysis for optimizing the design of carbon dioxide pressurization system. Energy. 2021; 228 ():120580.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hafiz Ali Muhammad; Beomjoon Lee; Junhyun Cho; Zabdur Rehman; Bongsu Choi; Jongjae Cho; Chulwoo Roh; Gilbong Lee; Muhammad Imran; Young-Jin Baik. 2021. "Application of advanced exergy analysis for optimizing the design of carbon dioxide pressurization system." Energy 228, no. : 120580.

Journal article
Published: 24 November 2020 in Energies
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Renewable energy resources like solar energy, wind energy, hydro energy, photovoltaic etc. are gaining much importance due to the day by day depletion of conventional resources. Owing to the lower efficiencies of renewable energy resources, much attention has been paid to improving them. The concept of utilizing phase change materials (PCMs) has attracted wide attention in recent years. This is due to their ability to extract thermal energy when used in collaboration with photovoltaic (PV), thus improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency. In this paper, the objective is to design and fabricate a novel thermal energy storage system using phase change material. An investigation on the characteristics of Potash Alum as a phase change material due to its low cost, easy availability and its usage as an energy storage for the indoor purposes are taken into account. The use of a latent heat storage system using phase change materials (PCMs) is an effective way of storing thermal energy and has the advantage of high-energy storage density and the isothermal nature of the storage process. In the current study, potash alum was identified as a phase change material combined with renewable energy sources, that can be efficiently and effectively used in storing thermal energy at compartively lower temperatures that can later be used in daily life heating requirements.A parabolic dish which acts of a heat collector is used to track and reflects solar radiation at a single point on a receiver tank. Heat transfer from the solar collector to the storage tank is done by using a circulating heat transfer fluid with the help of a pump. The experimental results show that this system is capable of successfully storing and utilizing thermal energy on indoor scale such as cooking, heating and those applications where temperature is below 92 °C.

ACS Style

Muhammad Suleman Malik; Naveed Iftikhar; Abdul Wadood; Muhammad Omer Khan; Muhammad Usman Asghar; Shahbaz Khan; Tahir Khurshaid; Ki-Chai Kim; Zabdur Rehman; S. Tauqeer Ul Islam Rizvi. Design and Fabrication of Solar Thermal Energy Storage System Using Potash Alum as a PCM. Energies 2020, 13, 6169 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Suleman Malik, Naveed Iftikhar, Abdul Wadood, Muhammad Omer Khan, Muhammad Usman Asghar, Shahbaz Khan, Tahir Khurshaid, Ki-Chai Kim, Zabdur Rehman, S. Tauqeer Ul Islam Rizvi. Design and Fabrication of Solar Thermal Energy Storage System Using Potash Alum as a PCM. Energies. 2020; 13 (23):6169.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Suleman Malik; Naveed Iftikhar; Abdul Wadood; Muhammad Omer Khan; Muhammad Usman Asghar; Shahbaz Khan; Tahir Khurshaid; Ki-Chai Kim; Zabdur Rehman; S. Tauqeer Ul Islam Rizvi. 2020. "Design and Fabrication of Solar Thermal Energy Storage System Using Potash Alum as a PCM." Energies 13, no. 23: 6169.

Journal article
Published: 09 November 2020 in Energies
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An ejector is a simple mechanical device that can be integrated with power generation or the refrigeration cycle to enhance their performance. Owing to the complex flow behavior in the ejector, the performance prediction of the ejector is done by numerical simulations. However, to evaluate the performance of an ejector integrated power cycle or refrigeration cycle, the need for simpler and more reliable thermodynamic models to estimate the performance of the ejector persists. This research, therefore, aims at developing a single mathematical correlation that can predict the ejector performance with reasonable accuracy. The proposed correlation relates the entrainment ratio and the pressure rise across the ejector to the area ratio and the mass flow rate of the primary flow. R141b is selected as the ejector refrigerant, and the results obtained through the proposed correlation are validated through numerical solutions. The comparison between the analytical and numerical with experimental results provided an error of less than 8.4% and 4.29%, respectively.

ACS Style

Hafiz Ali Muhammad; Hafiz Muhammad Abdullah; Zabdur Rehman; Beomjoon Lee; Young-Jin Baik; Jongjae Cho; Muhammad Imran; Manzar Masud; Mohsin Saleem; Muhammad Shoaib Butt. Numerical Modeling of Ejector and Development of Improved Methods for the Design of Ejector-Assisted Refrigeration System. Energies 2020, 13, 5835 .

AMA Style

Hafiz Ali Muhammad, Hafiz Muhammad Abdullah, Zabdur Rehman, Beomjoon Lee, Young-Jin Baik, Jongjae Cho, Muhammad Imran, Manzar Masud, Mohsin Saleem, Muhammad Shoaib Butt. Numerical Modeling of Ejector and Development of Improved Methods for the Design of Ejector-Assisted Refrigeration System. Energies. 2020; 13 (21):5835.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hafiz Ali Muhammad; Hafiz Muhammad Abdullah; Zabdur Rehman; Beomjoon Lee; Young-Jin Baik; Jongjae Cho; Muhammad Imran; Manzar Masud; Mohsin Saleem; Muhammad Shoaib Butt. 2020. "Numerical Modeling of Ejector and Development of Improved Methods for the Design of Ejector-Assisted Refrigeration System." Energies 13, no. 21: 5835.

Journal article
Published: 10 October 2020 in Applied Sciences
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Two-phase flow is encountered in various engineering areas, including the pharmaceutical, chemical, and food industries, desalination facilities, and thermal energy storage systems. Cost-effective and non-invasive monitoring of the solid volume fraction, which governs the thermos-physical properties of two-phase medium, is important for flow assurance. The flow loop having an inner diameter of 21.5 mm and length of about 12.2 m was equipped with square-edged orifice and slash plate pump. Tetrafluroethane (R134a) hydrate slurry of the specified solid volume fraction could be formed within the flow loop by removing an appropriate amount of water, and simultaneously injecting the pertinent amount of R134a while chilled at 275 K. The uncertainty in the thus-obtained solid volume fraction was smaller than 9%, with the largest contribution originating from the uncertain hydration number. The near power-law relationship between the orifice pressure loss coefficient and Metzner–Reed Reynolds number was recognized. However, the nonlinear nature of the Reynolds number with respect to the solid volume fraction inevitably makes the solution procedure iterative. The short span pressure differences across the orifice were regressed to yield empirical correlation, with which the solid volume fraction of R134a slurry could be determined from the measured pressure drop across the orifice and the flow rate. The uncertainty was less than 12% of the thus determined solid volume fraction.

ACS Style

Muhammad Usman; Zabdur Rehman; Kwanjae Seong; Myung Ho Song. In Situ Determination of Solid Fraction from the Measured Hydrate Slurry Flow Rate and Pressure Drop across Orifice. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 7035 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Usman, Zabdur Rehman, Kwanjae Seong, Myung Ho Song. In Situ Determination of Solid Fraction from the Measured Hydrate Slurry Flow Rate and Pressure Drop across Orifice. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (20):7035.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Usman; Zabdur Rehman; Kwanjae Seong; Myung Ho Song. 2020. "In Situ Determination of Solid Fraction from the Measured Hydrate Slurry Flow Rate and Pressure Drop across Orifice." Applied Sciences 10, no. 20: 7035.

Research article
Published: 03 June 2020 in ACS Omega
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ACS Style

Muhammad Shoaib Butt; Adnan Maqbool; Mohsin Saleem; Malik Adeel Umer; Farhan Javaid; Rizwan Ahmed Malik; Muhammad Asif Hussain; Zabdur Rehman. Revealing the Effects of Microarc Oxidation on the Mechanical and Degradation Properties of Mg-Based Biodegradable Composites. ACS Omega 2020, 5, 13694 -13702.

AMA Style

Muhammad Shoaib Butt, Adnan Maqbool, Mohsin Saleem, Malik Adeel Umer, Farhan Javaid, Rizwan Ahmed Malik, Muhammad Asif Hussain, Zabdur Rehman. Revealing the Effects of Microarc Oxidation on the Mechanical and Degradation Properties of Mg-Based Biodegradable Composites. ACS Omega. 2020; 5 (23):13694-13702.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Shoaib Butt; Adnan Maqbool; Mohsin Saleem; Malik Adeel Umer; Farhan Javaid; Rizwan Ahmed Malik; Muhammad Asif Hussain; Zabdur Rehman. 2020. "Revealing the Effects of Microarc Oxidation on the Mechanical and Degradation Properties of Mg-Based Biodegradable Composites." ACS Omega 5, no. 23: 13694-13702.

Journal article
Published: 20 January 2020 in Energy Conversion and Management
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CO2 compression process significantly contributes to the overall efficiency penalty resulting from carbon capture and storage (CCS) process. In this study, heat-pump (HP)-assisted CO2 compression configurations are examined using first and second laws of thermodynamics to reduce power consumption during CO2 compression. The performance is quantified in terms of net electric power consumption and compared with the conventional multi-stage compression. The input boundary conditions required for the proposed configurations modeling such as captured CO2 pressure, CO2 required pressure, the number of stages or the pressure ratio during CO2 compression, and cooling temperature depend on the plant configuration, location, and compression chain characteristics. This study emphasizes that the variability in boundary conditions can significantly impact the optimum thermodynamic route of CO2 pressurization. A thorough parametric investigation is thus performed to clarify the impact of these parameters on the overall power consumption. CO2 pumping or compression near the critical point was shown to play a key role in optimizing CO2 pressurization routes. Additionally, a high CO2 captured pressure and a low target pressure, number of stages, and cooling temperature were shown to enhance system performance. Furthermore, the second law analysis illustrated that the point of minimum net power consumption corresponds to the minimum exergy destruction. Finally, the optimization of the proposed system using a genetic algorithm allowed for a 7.77% electric power saving and 68.02% exergetic efficiency using the proposed system.

ACS Style

Hafiz Ali Muhammad; Chulwoo Roh; Jongjae Cho; Zabdur Rehman; Haider Sultan; Young-Jin Baik; Beomjoon Lee. A comprehensive thermodynamic performance assessment of CO2 liquefaction and pressurization system using a heat pump for carbon capture and storage (CCS) process. Energy Conversion and Management 2020, 206, 112489 .

AMA Style

Hafiz Ali Muhammad, Chulwoo Roh, Jongjae Cho, Zabdur Rehman, Haider Sultan, Young-Jin Baik, Beomjoon Lee. A comprehensive thermodynamic performance assessment of CO2 liquefaction and pressurization system using a heat pump for carbon capture and storage (CCS) process. Energy Conversion and Management. 2020; 206 ():112489.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hafiz Ali Muhammad; Chulwoo Roh; Jongjae Cho; Zabdur Rehman; Haider Sultan; Young-Jin Baik; Beomjoon Lee. 2020. "A comprehensive thermodynamic performance assessment of CO2 liquefaction and pressurization system using a heat pump for carbon capture and storage (CCS) process." Energy Conversion and Management 206, no. : 112489.

Article
Published: 01 January 2018 in Energies
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The need of a sustainable clean future has paved the way for environmental friendly electric vehicle technology. In electric vehicles, overloading is limited by the maximum temperature rise in the electric motor. Although an improved cooling jacket design is of vital importance in lowering the maximum temperature of the motor, there has not been as much study in the thermal analysis of motors compared to electromagnetic design studies. In this study, a three-dimensional steady state numerical method is used to investigate the performance of a cooling jacket using water as the primary coolant of a three-phase induction motor with special emphasis on the maximum temperature and the required pumping power. The effective thermal conductivity approach is employed to model the stator winding, stator yoke, rotor winding and rotor yoke. Heat transfer by induced air is treated as forced convection at the motor ends and effective conductivity is obtained for air in the stator-rotor gap. Motor power losses, i.e., copper and iron losses, are treated as heat generation sources. The effect of bearings and end windings is not considered in the current model. Pressure and temperature distributions under various coolant flow rates, number of flow passes and different cooling jacket configurations are obtained. The study is successful in identifying the hot spots and understanding the critical parameters that affect the temperature profile. The cooling jacket configuration affects the region of maximum temperature inside the motor. Increasing the number of flow passes and coolant flow rate decreases maximum motor temperature but results in an increase in the pumping power. Of the cooling jacket configurations and operating conditions investigated, a cooling jacket with six passes at a flow rate of 10 LPM with two-port configuration was found to be optimal for a 90-kW induction motor for safe operation at the maximum output.

ACS Style

Zabdur Rehman; Kwanjae Seong. Three-D Numerical Thermal Analysis of Electric Motor with Cooling Jacket. Energies 2018, 11, 92 .

AMA Style

Zabdur Rehman, Kwanjae Seong. Three-D Numerical Thermal Analysis of Electric Motor with Cooling Jacket. Energies. 2018; 11 (1):92.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zabdur Rehman; Kwanjae Seong. 2018. "Three-D Numerical Thermal Analysis of Electric Motor with Cooling Jacket." Energies 11, no. 1: 92.