Introduction In an increasingly diverse healthcare landscape, addressing the specific needs of Muslim patients has become paramount. The absence of comprehensive frameworks for Shariah-compliant healthcare services often poses challenges for healthcare professionals striving to provide care that aligns with Islamic values. Objective The objective of this study was to develop a comprehensive framework for Shariah-compliant healthcare services, ensuring alignment with Islamic practices in healthcare. Methods, setting, participants This consensus study employed a key input approach using the fuzzy Delphi method (FDM) and interpretive structural modelling. Conducted in Malaysia, the study involved 10 experts from various regions across the country. These experts were selected based on clear criteria that included professionals with experience in Islamic and/or healthcare, while those lacking relevant expertise were excluded. Results The primary outcome was the identification of pertinent elements for the framework, with final elements measured based on expert consensus achieved through FDM. The panel of experts reached consensus on 10 essential elements that form the backbone of the framework for Shariah-compliant healthcare services. These elements include governance, medical ethics, patient care, human resources and professional development, facilities for Islamic worship (ibadah), spiritual care support, end-of-life care, Islamic environment, medicine and drugs, and affordability and accessibility. Conclusion Ultimately, the development of this comprehensive framework is a crucial step in addressing the specific needs and concerns of Muslim patients worldwide. By incorporating the input and consensus of experts from various relevant fields, the resulting framework provides healthcare professionals with a solid foundation to deliver healthcare services that align with Islamic values, ultimately promoting the well-being of Muslim patients in Malaysia and tourists globally.

Malaysia has been a member of the Organization of Islamic Countries since 1969, and Islam is recognized as the federal religion in the country. The growing awareness of practicing Islam as a way of life among Muslims worldwide has significantly impacted the concept of hospitality services in the healthcare industry and tourism in Malaysia. As a result, there is an emergence of Shariah-compliant hospitals in the country to cater to the demand of Muslim consumers. However, the establishment of these hospitals lacks proper guidelines, leading to the need for developing standardized and regulated Islamic medical ethics and Shariah-compliant hospitals. This is crucial to ensure proper adherence to Islamic principles, especially in addressing concerns of the Muslim public and religious scholars regarding justified Islamic practices in medical treatment. To address this need, this study aimed to explore the elements or standards required in establishing Shariah-compliant hospitals (SCH). The study adopted a focus group discussion approach with 9 representatives selected through purposive sampling. Participants included hospital administrators, doctors, nurses, policymakers, academics, and representatives from non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Thematic analysis of the discussions revealed eight critical elements to consider when planning a sustainable Shariah-compliant hospital. These elements include ibadah-friendly infrastructure, Islamic medical ethics, Shariah compliance prescription, spiritual care support, Islamic medical service competencies, a conducive Islamic environment, affordability and accessibility, and an Islamic work culture. These findings serve as a foundation for future research aimed at developing a comprehensive framework for the establishment of standards for Shariah-compliant hospitals. Keywords: Shariah-compliant, hospital, concept

Background: Repeated hand and wrist movements increase the risk of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). The administrative staff is one of the high-risk classes that repeatedly involve the execution of identical tasks. Objective: This preliminary study was conducted to determine the prevalence of CTS among administrative staff and identify the socio-demographic and occupational risk factors for this syndrome. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study design was conducted amongst administrative staff at one of the higher learning institutions in Pahang, Malaysia. A total of 61 respondents were conveniently sampled according to the inclusion criteria. Respondents were required to undergo three tests (Phallen’s test, Thinel’s test, Durkan’s test) to identify probable CTS and answer questionnaires (socio-demographic background, occupational risk factors, and Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire). Data were analyzed using SPSS, and a Chi-square test was used to identify risk factors for CTS. Results: The average age for respondents was 31.72 (+5.38). The majority of respondents were female (70.5%), with a bachelor’s degree background and below (91.2%), and never used ergonomic tools (68.9%). The prevalence of probable CTS was 16.5% (n=10). There is no statistically significant finding between socio-demographic and occupational risk factors with probable CTS (p >.05). Conclusion: The data from this preliminary study revealed no association between the use of computers at work and probable CTS in a higher learning institution. Although the findings are not significant, this study can be used as a baseline for a future longitudinal study for nurses and other healthcare professionals to encourage good occupational and environmental health.

Background and Purpose: The transition to renewable energy is crucial for sustainability, but its impact on marginalized communities, such as the Orang Asli in Malaysia, is insufficiently explored. This study aims to develop culturally sensitive impact assessment tools to evaluate renewable energy projects' effects on the Orang Asli. The purpose is to create a comprehensive framework that ensures these projects are socially, economically, and environmentally inclusive. Methodology: This study used the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to identify and prioritize key impact indicators. A panel of 12 experts from diverse fields provided input through surveys in multiple rounds. The FDM identified seven main indicators and 25 sub-indicators related to health, living standards, education, service delivery, cultural preservation, skills development, and safety. AHP was then used to rank the importance of these indicators. Findings: The study identified seven critical impact indicators: health quality, economic diversification, education, cultural preservation, service delivery, skills development, and safety. Health quality was the most important, emphasizing the need for improved healthcare access and disease prevention. Economic diversification, education, and stakeholder engagement were also prioritized as essential for long-term sustainability and resilience. Contributions: This study offers a culturally sensitive framework for assessing renewable energy impacts on marginalized communities. It provides valuable insights for policymakers and energy developers to ensure that renewable energy transitions are inclusive, equitable, and aligned with the needs of indigenous communities, with broader global applicability. Keywords: Renewable energy, Orang Asli, impact assessment, Fuzzy Delphi method, Analytic Hierarchy process.

This study addresses the pressing need for comprehensive impact assessment instruments tailored to renewable energy investments in Orang Asli territories, indigenous peoples of Peninsular Malaysia. Despite the promises of sustainability, such investments present challenges and risks to indigenous communities, including land displacement and socio-cultural disruptions. Traditional impact assessment methodologies often fail to capture these complexities. Therefore, employing the Nominal Group Technique (NGT), this study identifies indicators and sub-indicators for impact assessment instruments specific to Orang Asli communities. Seven participants, including policymakers, academics, Orang Asli representatives, and NGOs, engaged in structured group discussions to prioritize key indicators. The results revealed seven indicators and and 25 sub-indicators, with economic improvement ranking highest. Specifically, “Improving the Economic Level of Orang Asli” ranked first, followed by “Ensuring the Safety of Residents” and “Improving the Social Value of Orang Asli Communities,” both at second place, “Improving the Level of Education Among Orang Asli” and “Preserving the Customs and Culture of Orang Asli” at fourth place, “Improving the Skills of Orang Asli” at sixth place, and “Improving the Quality of Health Among Orang Asli” at seventh place. This study contributes to ongoing dialogue on renewable energy development and indigenous rights, fostering inclusive and equitable outcomes for Orang Asli communities.